VISHWA BHARATI PUBLIC SCHOOL, NOIDA

CLASS: XII (2024-25)

SUBJECT: CHEMISTRY
Assignment Type: Case Study
Unit/Topic: Nomenclature of Organic Compounds Prepared By: Ms. Pragya Pant

Formation of Systematic Name by IUPAC

Whenever a compound is given, we have to write the structural name of the compound with the
following standard rules proposed by IUPAC.
• The primary step is to select the parent chain containing the larger no of carbons or the
chain including the major functional groups and assign the word root.
• Numbering is given to the carbons depending on giving the lesser number to the carbon
having functional groups or saturation.
• If the molecule has functional groups, a secondary suffix is added to indicate the main
functional group. This is optional and not necessary if the molecule has no functional group
in the chain.
• Numbers are separated from the groups by hyphens. There is no space between the names.
• If the compound is a cyclic compound insert cyclo or bicyclo as the primary prefix to the
structural name.
• If there are any side chains then give the secondary prefixes to the root word by considering
the order of the preferences for the substituents.
• The location of each point on which the substituent occurs is given in case the same
substituent occurs more than once. The number of times a substituent group occurs is
indicated by a prefix (di, tri, tetra, etc.).
• The substituents are listed in alphabetical order using the base name if there are two or
more different substituents. The prefixes- “sec-” and “tert-” are not used in determining
alphabetical order except when in comparison with each other.
• If two chains have equal no of carbon atoms, then the following are the preferences for
choosing one as the main chain:
1. The chain that has the highest number of side chains to the carbons in the main
chain.
2. The chain whose substituents are getting the lowest possible numbering.
3. The chain that has the greatest number of carbon atoms in the smaller side chain.
4. The chain that has the least branched side chains is considered mostly for the main
chain numbering.
• The alkanes, alkenes and alkynes were added to the primary suffix based on the preference
as alkyne>alkene>alkane.
• For a branched unsaturated acyclic hydrocarbon, the parent chain is the longest carbon
chain that contains the maximum number of double and triple bonds. If there are two or
more chains having the same no of carbon atoms for selection as the parent chain (chain
with the most multiple bonds), the choice goes to (1) the chain with the greatest number of
carbon atoms.

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 • The presence of a characteristic (or functional) group is denoted by a prefix or suffix
attached to the parent name. The names of common characteristic groups are given in the
following table, in order of decreasing seniority. The most senior one, the principal
characteristic group, is cited as the suffix, while all other groups are cited as prefixes. Note
that, for nomenclature purposes, the –R, C6H5-, halogens (F, Cl, Br, I), –NO2, alkoxy (–
OR) etc. are always prefix substituents.

Table: Seniority order for Characteristic Groups

Some examples -

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Vbpsnoida/XII/2024-25/Chemistry
Choose the correct option in each of the following questions:
1. The IUPAC name of CH3CH2C(Br)CHCl is:
(a) 2-bromo-1-chloro butene (b) 1-chloro-2-bromo butene
(c) 3-chloro-2-bromo butene (d) None of the above

2. The IUPAC name of CH2=CHCH2Cl is

(a) Allyl chloride (b) 1-chloro-3-propene
(c) Vinyl chloride (d) 3-chloro-1-propene

3. Benzene hexachloride is
(a) 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane (b) 1,1,1,6,6,6-hexachlorocyclohexane
(c) 1,6-phenyl-1,6-chlorohexane (d) 1,1-phenyl-6,6-chlorohexane

4. The IUPAC name of the following compound is:

(a) 1-chloro-4-methyl benzene (b) 4-chlorotoluene
(c) 1-methyl-4-chlorobenzene (d) 4-methylchlorobenzene

5. What is the IUPAC name for the compound (CH3)3CCH2Cl?

(a) 1-Chloro-2,2-dimethylpropane (b) 1-Chloro-2,2,2-trimethylethane
(c) 2-Chloromethyl-2-methylpropane (d) 2,2-Dimethyl-1-bromopropane

6. Identify the correct naming of the compound H3C-CHCl2 from the following?
(a) Ethylidene chloride (b) Ethylene dichloride
(c) 1,2-Dichloroethane (d) vic-dichloride

7. What is the IUPAC name of the following compound?

(a) 4-Bromo-3-methyl pent-2-ene (b) 3-Bromo-4-methyl pent-2-ene

(c) 3-Bromo-1,2-dimethyl but-1-ene (d)1-Bromo-1,3-dimethyl but-1-ene

8. The IUPAC name of the compound

(a) 3-Bromo-1-chlorocyclohexene (b) 1-Bromo-3-chlorocyclohexene

(c) 3-Bromo-1-chlorohexidine (d) 1-Bromo-3-chlorohexidine

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9. The IUPAC name of CH3C ≡ N is
(a) Acetonitrile (b) Ethanenitrile
(c) Methyl cyanide (d) Cyanoethane

10. The IUPAC name of (CH3)3CCl is:

(a) 3-Chlorobutane (b) 2-Chloro-2-methylpropane
(c) t-Butyl chloride (d) n-Butyl Chloride

Answer the following questions:

11. The line formula for another branched alkane is shown below.

a. How many carbon atoms are in the longest chain?

b. In the IUPAC system what is the root or base name of this compound
c. How many alkyl substituents are attached to the longest chain
d. Give the IUPAC name for this compound

12. The line formula for a branched alkene is shown below.

a. How many carbon atoms are in the longest chain, ignoring the double bond?
b. What is the longest chain incorporating both carbons of the double bond?
c. How many substituents are on this chain?
d. Give the IUPAC name for this compound

13. Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds:

(a) (b)

(c) (d)

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(e) (f)

(g) (h)

(i) (j)

14. Write the structural formula of the following compounds:

(a) 3-Hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid
(b) 3-Methylcyclohexene
(c) 3-Bromo-1-chlorocyclohexene
(d) 3-Ethyl-4-methylhept-5-en-2-one
(e) 2-Ethyl-3-methylpent-2-en-1-al
(f) 3,3,5-Trimethylhex-1-en-2-ol
(g) 5-Propyloct-2-yne
(h) 3-Bromo-4-hydroxybenzoic acid
(i) 4-Phenyl-3-hydroxybutanal
(j) 4-Iodo-2-methylphenol

15. Draw the structures and give the IUPAC names of the following compounds:
(a) sec-Butyl bromide
(b) Vinyl chloride
(c) Isobutyl bromide
(d) neo-Pentyl bromide
(e) tert-Butyl chloride

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