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Urban Design

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8 views

Urban Design

Uploaded by

SG18BAR002 Akshata
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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URBAN DESIGN

CONTENTS
•Place Making and Identity
•Urban Sprawl
•Generic Form
•Incoherence
•Public Realm
•Privatized Public Realm [Role of Real Estate]
URBAN SPRAWL
 Urban sprawl, also called sprawl or
suburban sprawl, the rapid expansion of
the geographic extent of cities and
towns, often characterized by
 low-density residential housing,
 single-use zoning,
 increased reliance on the private
automobile for transportation.

RAPID AND POORLY PLANNED SPREAD


OF CITIES
CAUSES, EFFECTS AND SOLUTIONS
PUBLIC REALM
•The community’s development fabric is composed of two distinct, yet inter-related
components: the “public” realm and the “private” realm.
•The “public realm” consists primarily of the publicly-owned street rights-of-way and
other publicly accessible open spaces such as parks, squares, plazas, courtyards, and
alleys.
•The “private realm” consists of privately-owned areas in large part developed with
buildings and associated improvements, and is more limited in its accessibility to the
public.
Ro l e o f th e P u b l i c Re a l m
The public realm plays a critical role in the area’s character and
function,
serving overlapping roles, including:

Circulation and Access. The public street rights-of way provide for circulation
within and through the community—accommodating pedestrians, bicycles, and buses, in
addition to automobiles and trucks.

Development Framework. The public street rights-of way provide the fundamental
structure that contains and organizes individual developments into a cohesive whole.

Public Open Space. In addition to the community’s parks and plazas, public street
rights-of-way play an PRIVATE REALM PUBLIC REALM important role as public open
space—allowing for light, air, landscaping within developed areas, and serving as the
“living room” for community life—places where people meet, interact, and linger.

Visual Character: While buildings are important visual elements, the physical design
of the public realm is critical in establishing the community’s identity and overall
character.
P LACE MA KI NG A ND I DE NT I TY

•The terms space and place are often used interchangeably, but they can mean different
things depending on the context in which they are used.

•Placemaking shows that the creation of places transcends the material dimension and
involves aspects such as sociability, uses, activities, access, connections, comfort, and image,
to create bonds between people and a sense of place.

•Placemaking means creating places and focuses


on transforming public spaces to strengthen the
connections between people and these places.

•Placemaking is a process centered on people


and their needs, aspirations, desires, and visions,
which relies strongly on community participation.

Some of the major thinking behind Placemaking gained


traction in the 1960s when thinkers like Jane Jacobs and
William H. Whyte introduced ideas about designing cities
for people and not just for capitalist structures and cars.
•The identity of the place is predominantly the culture that is prevailing there
and the political ideology governing it.

•Placemaking in urban design makes use of both a process and a philosophy.


•It could be various levels like government-led, or community-driven or plain
and simple grassroots tactical urbanism.
Great places, whether a
plaza or neighborhood
park, share four key
attributes:
They are accessible and
well connected to other
important places in the
area.
They are comfortable
and project a good image.
They attract people to
participate in activities
there.
They are sociable
environments in which
people want to gather and
visit again and again.

The Project for Public Spaces (PPS), an organization that promotes placemaking initiatives in different countries
around the world, started using the term in the 1990s, after fifteen years of developing the approach.

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