2018

Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

Research Article Spring 2018 No.26:171-226
DOI：10.6752/JCS.201807_(26).0005

Inner Exile:
The Psychic Landscape of Incest Trauma

Jen-Yu PENG

放逐於自身之外：
亂倫創傷主體的心靈地景

彭仁郁

MOST(103-2629-H-001-001)

(Espace Analytique)

[email protected]

2016 05 06 2016 12 20
 摘 要

亂 倫性侵創傷在主流精神醫學和臨床心理學的實證論述框架中 ，經常被簡化為創
傷後壓力症候群(PTSD)。然而，已有許多醫學人類學和臨床實務研究指出，忽
視主體歷史脈絡和殊異性的標準化診斷，往往造成令心理創傷被精神疾病遮蔽的弔
詭。然而，不可見的心理創傷如何被看見？

精 神分析對於心靈真實(p sychic re a lity)的重視有助於超越精神病理學的

限制，透過揭露主體無意識欲望的夢和自由聯想，以象徵隱喻的方式貼近創
傷真實。只不過，自幼長期受創的後果之一即為夢的缺乏和聯想的不自由。基於長年
針對亂倫創傷主體進行的「臨床田野」研究，本文嘗試提出「心靈地景」(p sychic
landscape)概念，作為窺見亂倫心理創傷樣貌的媒介。

對 亂倫創傷主體而言，作為自我認同基礎的「家」，經常由迫害－情感依附等衝突
對立面構成。後果是倖存者裂解的自我被驅逐至一個無外在可逃離、無時無刻
被監控的「內在放逐」(inner exile)狀態。此種無法言說的恐怖，外顯為令人不解、
而易被精神病理化的症狀。本文將以一個與亂倫創傷主體遭逢的田野日誌為例，說明
精神分析式的聆聽如何協助創傷主體揭露自身創傷與欲望混織的心靈地景，而此地景
又如何可能在研究者與研究對象間的傳移(transference)關係中轉化。

Abstract

C ontemporar y psychiatr y and clinical psycholog y generally frame the incest

trauma within the positivist discourse of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
This categorization goes hand in hand with a tendency to pathologize and medicate
psychotrauma. However, the standardized diagnostic reasoning may render the trauma
invisible to the professional eye. In practice, due to the ineffability of incest trauma,
victims are often subjected to different diagnoses of mental illness (schizophrenia,
borderline personality disorder, antisocial personality disorders, etc.). For how can
psychological trauma be seen or conceived? From a psychoanalytical perspective, and
based on “clinical fieldwork” (Peng 2014a) on incest trauma over a decade, the author
advances the notion of the “psychic landscape” to illustrate the power of imagery
metaphors as a means to access to the subject’s inner experience.

F or many incest survivors, “home”, the presupposed fundamental space for constructing
self-identity, is constituted of ambivalent representations that often combine one
element with its very opposite: for instance, persecution-attachment, betrayal-demand for
loyalty. The consequence is that the survivor’s self is forced into a state of “inner exile”, in
which the split self is permanently monitored and there is no “outside” to flee to; i.e., the
subject is deprived of authority over her/his own psychic territory. The extreme terror
of inner exile can manifest itself in puzzling symptoms, such as inexplicable fear, global
anxiety, somatization, dissociation, lying, repeated victimization, etc. Taking a Taiwanese
incest survivor’s case as an example, this paper describes the transferential process through
which the traumatic psychic landscape emerges. By doing so, the author reiterates the
need to go beyond the pathologizing tendency in contemporary psychiatry and bring the
psychic reality, or subjective truth, back into focus when approaching psychotrauma.
Keywords: Incest trauma, Psychic landscape, Clinical fieldwork, Inner exile, Psychic reality
一、楔子

2012 2 5

2010 2011
2

2011

1 2012
2013
， ， ，
； ， 。
： 『 』。 ，
， 。
， ， ； ，
。 ， ，
， ， ， 。
， ； ，
。 ， 。
2 http://incestrapestudy.blogspot.tw 173
 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

4
S

5
ok

Peng 2009
4 2012 100
200 email 400

174
5 2012 1 18
 6

clinical fieldwork 2014a

(inner exile, Laub 2013)

(psychic landscape)

二、研究目的、取徑和問題意識

（一）女性主義臨床工作者的未竟之業

8
175
 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

20 1970

(Z o p h y
and Kavenik 1990; Vigarello 2000)
1990
(Herman 2000;
Courtois 1996; Finkelhor et al. 1990; Julien and Saint-Martin 1995; Rivera 1999;
P e n g 2009)

(Freud 1984: 162

9
(false memory)
10
Loftus and Pickrell 1995

9 1990
(False Memory Syndrome Foundation/ FMSF)

(F M S)
1990
1999
FMS
90% FMS
(Kelly et al. 1999)
10 (Elizabeth Loftus)

(e.g., Crook and Dean 1999)

(Peng 2009)

176
(Freyd 1996)
 1990

11

104

12

2010

(holding, Winnicott 2000) (containing, Bion 1984)

(psychic reality/ la réalité psychique, Freud 2001;

11
2009 (2013:
44-45)
12 20
(2007) 1985 2006 20

177
 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

Chouvier and Roussillon 2004)

2014a

（二）心靈地景作為瞥見創傷心靈真實的媒介概念

(S i g m u n d
F r e u d, 1856-1939)

178
 (Bonovitz 2009)

(self-states)
(A u s t i n
2009) (S e l f)

(Arons 2005)

13

(Jones, 2015) (American

14
Imago) (Seamus Heaney, 1939-2013)
(Tomas Tranströmer, 1931-2015)

(Donald W. Winnicott, 1896-1971)

13

14 (Imago) 1912
1939
(Hanns Sachs, 1881-1947) 179
 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

15

(intersubjective)

(Mireya Folch-Serra) (Mikhail Bakhtin, 1895-

1975) (d i a l o g i c a l l a n d s c a p e)

(v i s i b i l i t y)

(l o c a l i t y)

(s h a p e d)

(narratively visible)
(graphically visible) (Folch-Serra 1990: 258)

15
analyzed analysé) analysand
180
analysant
 (h e t e r o g l o s s i a)
(p o l y p h o n y)

三、既存亂倫性侵心理創傷觀點的瓶頸

（一）主流精神醫學看待心理創傷的標準化病理視框

(American Psychiatric Association/ APA)1980

(The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders/ DSM) (Post-traumatic Stress
Disorder/ PTSD) DSM PTSD

16
20
PTSD
(Corcos 2011; Young 1995; Crocq 2000) DSM

16 DSM PTSD
DSM
181
 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

(stressor) PTSD
(Y o u n g 1995)

2014b

DSM

17

18
(co-morbidity)
(Maj 2005; Kendell and
Jablensky 2003)
PTSD
(Yen et al.
2002)
PTSD

(Salzbrenner and Conaway 2009)

17 2011 (World Psychiatry, 10[2]) DSM

ICD
(protot ypes)
DSM (Maj 2011)
18
182
 19
PTSD

(Judith L. Herman) 1992 (Trauma

a n d R e c o v e r y)
1981 (Father-
Daughter Incest)

PTSD

(Complex Post-traumatic Stress Disorder/ CPTSD)

DSM Complex PTSD CPTSD

DSM-PTSD
20
DSM

19
20 R o th e t a l. (1997) C P TS D CP PTSD
1994 DSM CP
183
 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

（二）主流心理學經驗類別化的性侵創傷知識

2007
2004

1998 2006 2003 1996

21

22

21 Cf. Herman(2000) Courtois(1996) Haesevoets(1997)

22 Isabelle Aubr y(2008) (La première fois, j’avais six ans)

Mathilde Brasilier(2015) (Il y avait le jour, il y avait
la nuit, il y avait l'inceste) Linda Katherine Cutting(1998)
184
(Memory Slips: A Memoir of Music and Healing)
（三）精神分析與亂倫性侵創傷的遭逢

(Winnicott 1989, 1990)

(reify)

(Sándor Ferenczi, 1873-1933) 1932

(Confusion of Tongues between Adults and the Child)

1980
185
 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

(passion)
(tenderness)

(trauma-cleavage)
(emotional abandonment)
(transient psychosis)
(Ferenczi 1982)

(negative hallucination)

(Frankel 1998)

(Leonard Shengold) 1989

(soul murder)
1980

(Balier 1999)

(primal
186 fantasy)
 (Simon 1992; Welldon 2005)

(e.g., Peng 2009; Alizade 2005; Parat 2004; Razon 1996)

(Racamier 2010) l‘incestuel

(autoerotism)
antœdipe

2009 À l’Épreuve de l’Inceste

(œdipe incestué)

23

187
23
 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

(local knowledge, Geertz 2000)

Sujet supposé savoir

(R o u s s i l l o n 2001)

四、臨床田野：位於精神分析與人類學交界的方法論

（一）心理創傷：介於外在真實與內在真實之間的研究現場

2012
153

external reality material reality

(Janin 1995)
188
 (Chouvier and Roussillon
2004)

(Ricœur [1913-2005], 2008)

24
(representation)
(Le Guen 1995) Parat(2004)

(1989)

(Playing and Reality,

1989) (transitional object)

24

189
 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

25
(good enough mother)
(intermediate area)
(potential space)

(not-me)

26

25
26
190
Winnicott(1989, 1990, 2000)
(Winnicott 1990)

（二）臨床田野作為一種跨學科研究方法意涵的深化

Khan 1997

2014a

(o t h e r n e s s)

191
 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

1.

2. enunciation

3.

1990

(Bidou et al. 1999, 2005; Assoun and Zafiropoulos 2002;

Selim and Douville 2009; Drach 2009; Molino 2004; Heald and Deluz 1994)

五、與蛤仔遭逢的臨床田野民族誌

2012 11 9

（一）「都是我的錯」無限循環方程式 27

27

192
 S

28

29

30

28

29

30

193
 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

31

(therapeutic regression, Kilborne 1998)

（二）受創的思考邏輯：揭露＝背叛＝⋯⋯專斷僵化的等式

32

31

194
32
 2014 3
33

34

35

33
34
35

195
 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

(Wi lfr ed Bi on, 1897-1979) (containing/

c o n t a i n e d)

(B i o n 1984,
2007) (thinking)
(thoughts)
(Melanie Klein,
1882-1960)

(reverie)
(projective identification)
(c o n t a i n e r)

(contact-barrier)
36

37

36 (theor y of functions)
f un c ti on
f un c ti on

f un c ti o n

37

196
PTSD
（三）歇斯底里發作的雙面性：自我處罰＋揭露創傷

2012 2 5

38

38

197
 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

39

40
(dissociation)
(subconscious)
(Pierre Janet [1859-1947], 2004)

(Josef Breuer, 1842-1925)

(S t u d i e s o n H y s t e r i a )
(reminiscence)

41

39

40

41
198
 splitting cleavage

(1982) (dissociation)

(Ferenczi 1933)

(Alayarian 2011; Spiegel 1994)

199
 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

42

43

（四）送醫＝拋棄＝出賣

44

45

2012 2 5

46

42

2012 11 9
43

44
45

46

200
 (relational precariousness)

47

（五）欺騙，或移置的真相

47 Jennifer J. Fre yd(1996) (b etraya l trauma)

Fre yd

Fre yd

201
 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

2012 2 18

48

202
48
email

203
 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

A4

（六）「說謊」：無法正當化關係需求的唯一出路

email
49

2013 2 1

49 500M B
204
 2012 9

50

n 51

52

50

51
52
20 205
 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

2012 9 14
（七）負向傳移：親近與痛苦同源

53

(F e r e n c z i 1982)

206
53
 54

55

54

55 2012 10 26 email 207

 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

56

57

58

六、亂倫創傷主體的心靈地景

（一）逃不掉的「家」、無止盡的放逐

56

57

208
58
 2012
11 23

59

email

59

209
 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

2013 12
31

210
 (e x i l e d u s o i)
(Laub 2013)
(Kristeva 1991) (Étrangers à Nous-mêmes)

（二）傳移關係中揭開的心靈地景

60

60

211
 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

61

2012 3 3

62

3D

2012 12 28 63

61
62

212
63
(verneinung)

2015 4 29

213
 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

A A

214
 64

（三）「心靈地景」概念對精神分析創傷理論的補充

vs. vs.

(Klein 1984)

64 2015 4 19 email 215

 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

(W i n n i c o t t
2000)

216
七、結論：心靈地景的臨床田野

217
 文化研究 Router: A Journal of Cultural Studies

(cultural blind spot, Laub 2013)

［後記］：關係的機會卡

2015 2

218
 Hi XX 3

65

xxx 66

2015 2 9

［後後記］：

65 email

66 219
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