Concise Selina Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 18 -

Statistics

Exercise 18(A)
1. State which of the following variables are continuous and which are discrete:
(a) Number of children in your class
(b) Distance travelled by a car
(c) Sizes of shoes
(d) Time
(e) Number of patients in a hospital
Solution:

(a) Discrete variable.

(b) Continuous variable.
(c) Discrete variable.
(d) Continuous variable.
(e) Discrete variable.

2. Given below are the marks obtained by 30 students in an examination:

08 17 33 41 47 23 20 34
09 18 42 14 30 19 29 11
36 48 40 24 22 02 16 21
15 32 47 44 33 01
Taking class intervals 1 - 10, 11 - 20, ....., 41 - 50; make a frequency table for the above
distribution.
Solution:

The frequency table for the given distribution is

Marks Tally Marks Frequency
1 - 10 4
11 - 20 8
21 - 30 6
31 - 40 6
41 - 50 6

3. The marks of 24 candidates in the subject mathematics are given below:

45 48 15 23 30 35 40 11
29 0 3 12 48 50 18 30
15 30 11 42 23 2 3 44
The maximum marks are 50. Make a frequency distribution taking class intervals 0 - 10,
10-20, .......
Solution:

The frequency table for the given distribution is

Marks Tally Marks Frequency
 Concise Selina Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 18 -
Statistics

0 – 10 4
10 – 20 6
20 – 30 3
30 – 40 4
40 – 50 7

In the above frequency distribution, the marks 30 are present in the class of interval 30 - 40
and not in the interval 20 - 30. Similarly, marks 40 are present in the class of interval 40 -
50 and not in 30 - 40.

4. Fill in the blanks:

(a) A quantity which can very from one individual to another is called a .............
(b) Sizes of shoes are ........... variables.
(c) Daily temperatures is ........... variable.
(d) The range of the data 7, 13, 6, 25, 18, 20, 16 is ............
(e) In the class interval 35 - 46; the lower limit is .......... and upper limit is .........
(f) The class mark of class interval 22 - 29 is .......... .
Solution:

(a) Variable.
(b) Discrete variables.
(c) Continuous variable.
(d) The range is 25 – 6 = 19
(e) Lower limit is 35 and upper limit is 46
(f) The class mark is 22 – 29 = (22 + 29)/2
= 51/2
= 25.5

5. Find the actual lower class limits, upper class limits and the mid-values of the
classes: 10 - 19, 20 - 29, 30 - 39 and 40 - 49.
Solution:

For the class interval: 10 – 19,

Lower class limit is 10
Upper class limit is 19
So, the mid-value is (10 + 19)/2 = 14.5

For the class interval: 20 – 29,

Lower class limit is 20
Upper class limit is 29
So, the mid-value is (20 + 29)/2 = 24.5

For the class interval: 30 – 39,

Lower class limit is 30
 Concise Selina Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 18 -
Statistics

Upper class limit is 39

So, the mid-value is (30 + 39)/2 = 34.5

For the class interval: 40 – 49,

Lower class limit is 40
Upper class limit is 49
So, the mid-value is (40 + 49)/2 = 44.5

6. Find the actual lower and upper class limits and also the class marks of the classes:
1.1 - 2.0, 2.1 -3.0 and 3.1 - 4.0.
Solution:

For the class interval: 1.1 - 2.0,

The lower class limit is 1.1 and the upper class limit is 2.0
Hence, the class mark is (1.1 + 2.0)/2 = 1.55

For the class interval: 2.1 - 3.0

The lower class limit is 2.1 and the upper class limit is 3.0
Hence, the class mark is (2.1 + 3.0)/2 = 2.55

For the class interval: 3.1 - 4.0

The lower class limit is 3.1 and the upper class limit is 4.0
Hence, the class mark is (3.1 + 4.0)/2 = 3.55

7. Use the table given below to find:

(a) The actual class limits of the fourth class.
(b) The class boundaries of the sixth class.
(c) The class mark of the third class.
(d) The upper and lower limits of the fifth class.
(e) The size of the third class.
Class Interval Frequency
30 - 34 7
35 - 39 10
40 - 44 12
45 - 49 13
50 - 54 8
55 - 59 4
Solution:

(a) The actual class limits of the fourth class will be: 44.5 - 49.5.
(b) The class boundaries of the sixth class will be: 54.5 - 59.5
(c) The class mark of the third class will be the average of the lower limit and the upper limit of
the class interval
Hence, the class mark is (40 + 44)/2 = 84/2 = 42
(d) The upper and lower limits of the fifth class are 54 and 50 respectively
 Concise Selina Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 18 -
Statistics

(e) The size of the third class is (44 - 40 + 1) = 5

8. Construct a cumulative frequency distribution table from the frequency table given
below:
(i)
Class Interval Frequency
0-8 9
8 - 16 13
16 - 24 12
24 - 32 7
32 - 40 15
(ii)
Class Interval Frequency
1 - 10 12
11 - 20 18
21 - 30 23
31 - 40 15
41 - 50 10
Solution:

(i)The cumulative frequency distribution table is

Class Interval Cumulative
Frequency
0-8 9
8 - 16 22
16 - 24 34
24 - 32 41
32 - 40 56

(ii)The cumulative frequency distribution table is

Class Interval Cumulative
Frequency
1 - 10 12
11 - 20 30
21 - 30 53
31 - 40 68
41 - 50 78

9. Construct a frequency distribution table from the following cumulative frequency

distribution:
(i)
Class Interval Cumulative
Frequency
10 - 19 8
 Concise Selina Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 18 -
Statistics

20 - 29 19
30 - 39 23
40 - 49 30
(ii)
Class Interval Cumulative
Frequency
5 - 10 18
10 - 15 30
15 - 20 46
20 - 25 73
25 - 30 90
Solution:

(i)The frequency distribution table is as below:

Class Interval Frequency
10 - 19 8
20 - 29 11
30 - 39 4
40 - 49 7

(ii)The frequency distribution table is as below:

Class Interval Frequency
5 - 10 18
10 - 15 12
15 - 20 16
20 - 25 27
25 - 30 17

10. Construct a frequency table from the following data:

Marks No. of students
less than 10 6
less than 20 15
less than 30 30
less than 40 39
less than 50 53
less than 60 70
Solution:

The frequency table is as below:

Class Interval No. of students
0 - 10 6
10 - 20 9
20 - 30 15
 Concise Selina Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 18 -
Statistics

30 - 40 9
40 - 50 14
50 - 60 17

11. Construct the frequency distribution table from the following cumulative frequency
table:
Ages No. of students
Below 4 0
Below 7 85
Below 10 140
Below 13 243
Below 16 300
(i) State the number of students in the age group 10 - 13.
(ii) State the age-group which has the least number of students.
Solution:

The frequency distribution table is as below:

Ages No. of students
0-4 0
4-7 85
7 - 10 55
10 - 13 103
13 - 16 57
(i) The number of students in the age group 10 - 13 is 103
(ii) The age group which has the least number of students is 7 - 10

12. Fill in the blanks in the following table:

Class Interval Frequency Cumulative Frequency
25 - 34 ...... 15
35 - 44 ...... 28
45 - 54 21 ......
55 - 64 16 ......
65 - 74 ...... 73
75 - 84 12 ......
Solution:

Class Interval Frequency Cumulative Frequency

25 - 34 15 15
35 - 44 13 28
45 - 54 21 49
55 - 64 16 65
65 - 74 8 73
75 - 84 12 85
 Concise Selina Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 18 -
Statistics

13. The value of π upto 50 decimal place is

3.14159265358979323846264338327950288419716939937510
(i) Make a frequency distribution table of digits from 0 to 9 after the decimal place.
(ii) Which are the most and least occurring digits?
Solution:

(i) The frequency distribution table of digits from 0 to 9 after the decimal place is as below:
X 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
F 2 5 5 8 4 5 4 4 5 8
Most occurring digits are 3 and 9
Least occurring digits are 0
 Concise Selina Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 18 -
Statistics

Exercise 18(B)
1. Construct a frequency polygon for the following distribution:
Class 0-4 4-8 8 - 12 12 - 16 16 - 20 20 - 24
intervals
Frequency 4 7 10 15 11 6

Solution:

The frequency polygon for the given data is shown below:

Steps for construction:

(i) Draw a histogram for the given data.
(ii) Mark the mid-point at the top of each rectangle of the histogram drawn.
(iii) Also, mark the mid-point of the immediately lower class-interval and mid-point of the
immediately higher class-interval.
(iv) Lastly, join the consecutive mid-points marked by straight lines to obtain the required
frequency polygon.

2. Construct a combined histogram and frequency polygon for the following frequency
distribution:
Class Intervals 10 - 20 20 - 30 30 - 40 40 - 50 50 - 60
Frequency 3 5 6 4 2
Solution:

The combined histogram and frequency polygon for the given data is shown below:
 Concise Selina Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 18 -
Statistics

Steps for construction:

(i) Draw a histogram for the given data.
(ii) Mark the mid-point at the top of each rectangle of the histogram drawn.
(iii) Also, mark the mid-point of the immediately lower class-interval and mid-point of the
immediately higher class-interval.
(iv) Lastly, join the consecutive mid-points marked by straight lines to obtain the required
frequency polygon.

3. Construct a frequency polygon for the following data:

Class-Intervals 10 - 14 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34
Frequency 5 8 12 9 4
Solution:

As the class intervals are inclusive, let’s first convert them into the exclusive form.
Class-Interval Frequency
9.5 - 14.5 5
14.5 - 19.5 8
19.5 - 24.5 12
24.5 - 29.5 9
29.5 - 34.5 4

The frequency polygon for the given data is shown as below:

 Concise Selina Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 18 -
Statistics

Steps for construction:

(i) Draw a histogram for the given data.
(ii) Mark the mid-point at the top of each rectangle of the histogram drawn.
(iii) Also, mark the mid-point of the immediately lower class-interval and mid-point of the
immediately higher class-interval.
(iv) Lastly, join the consecutive mid-points marked by straight lines to obtain the required
frequency polygon.

4. The daily wages in a factory are distributed as follows:

Daily wages 125 - 175 175 - 225 225 - 275 275 - 325 325 - 375
(in Rs.)
Number of 4 20 22 10 6
workers
Draw a frequency polygon for this distribution.
Solution:

The frequency polygon for the given data is shown as below:

 Concise Selina Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 18 -
Statistics

Steps for construction:

(i) Draw a histogram for the given data.
(ii) Mark the mid-point at the top of each rectangle of the histogram drawn.
(iii) Also, mark the mid-point of the immediately lower class-interval and mid-point of the
immediately higher class-interval.
(iv) Lastly, join the consecutive mid-points marked by straight lines to obtain the required
frequency polygon.

5. (i) Draw frequency polygons for each of the following frequency distribution:
(a) using histogram
(b) without using histogram
C.I 10 - 30 30 - 50 50 - 70 70 - 90 90 - 110 110 - 130 130 - 150
ƒ 4 7 5 9 5 6 4
Solution:

(a) Using Histogram:

Class Interval Frequency

10 - 30 4
30 - 50 7
50 - 70 5
70 - 90 9
90 - 110 5
110 - 130 6
 Concise Selina Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 18 -
Statistics

130 - 150 4

The frequency polygon for the given data is shown as below:

Steps for construction:

(i) Draw a histogram for the given data.
(ii) Mark the mid-point at the top of each rectangle of the histogram drawn.
(iii) Also, mark the mid-point of the immediately lower class-interval and mid-point of the
immediately higher class-interval.
(iv) Lastly, join the consecutive mid-points marked by straight lines to obtain the required
frequency polygon.

(b) Without using Histogram:

Steps for construction:

(i) Find the class mark (mid-value) of each given class-interval.
Using, Class mark = mid-value = (Upper limit + Lower limit)/2
(ii) On a graph paper, mark class marks along X-axis and frequencies along Y-axis.
(iii) On this graph paper, mark points taking values of class-marks along X-axis and the values
of their corresponding frequencies along Y-axis.
(iv) Draw line segments joining the consecutive points marked in step (3) above.

C.I. Class mark Frequency

0 - 10 0 0
10 - 30 20 4
 Concise Selina Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 18 -
Statistics

30 - 50 40 7
50 - 70 60 5
70 - 90 80 9
90 - 110 100 5
110 - 130 120 6
130 - 150 140 4
150 - 170 160 0

5. (ii) Draw frequency polygons for each of the following frequency distribution:
(a) using histogram
(b) without using histogram
C.I 5 - 15 15 - 25 25 - 35 35 - 45 45 - 55 55 - 65
ƒ 8 16 18 14 8 2
Solution:

(a) Using Histogram:

C.I. Frequency
5 - 15 8
15 - 25 16
25 - 35 18
35 - 45 14
45 - 55 8
 Concise Selina Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 18 -
Statistics

55 - 65 2

The frequency polygon for the given data is shown as below:

Steps for construction:

(i) Draw a histogram for the given data.
(ii) Mark the mid-point at the top of each rectangle of the histogram drawn.
(iii) Also, mark the mid-point of the immediately lower class-interval and mid-point of the
immediately higher class-interval.
(iv) Lastly, join the consecutive mid-points marked by straight lines to obtain the required
frequency polygon.

(b) Without using Histogram:

Steps for construction:

(i) Find the class mark (mid-value) of each given class-interval.
Using, Class mark = mid-value = (Upper limit + Lower limit)/2
(ii) On a graph paper, mark class marks along X-axis and frequencies along Y-axis.
(iii) On this graph paper, mark points taking values of class-marks along X-axis and the values
of their corresponding frequencies along Y-axis.
(iv) Draw line segments joining the consecutive points marked in step (3) above.

C.I. Class mark Frequency

5 - 15 0 0
5 - 15 10 8
15 - 25 20 16
25 - 35 30 18
35 - 45 40 14
45 - 55 50 8
55 - 65 60 2
65 - 75 70 0
Concise Selina Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 18 -
Statistics