Smart Home Automation

1. Introduction

This project focuses on developing a smart home automation system from

scratch, utilizing the ESP8266 microcontroller, Firebase for real-time data
management, and cross-platform mobile app development. The system is
designed to control four or more home appliances remotely, while also
providing real-time monitoring of room temperature and humidity. By
integrating the ESP8266 with Firebase, the project ensures reliable, real-time
communication between the hardware and the mobile app, allowing users to
manage their home environment efficiently and with ease. This innovative
solution leverages IoT (Internet of Things) technology to enhance home
convenience, energy efficiency, and environmental awareness. The Home
Automation project aims to provide wireless control over Home appliances.

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2. Features

1. Control Multiple Home Appliances :

The system allows users to remotely control four or more home appliances
through a cross-platform mobile app.
2. Real-Time Room Temperature Monitoring :
The project provides real-time temperature readings of the room, updated
continuously and displayed in the mobile app.
3. Real-Time Humidity Monitoring :
Users can also monitor the current room humidity levels in real-time, ensuring
complete awareness of the environment.
4. Cross-Platform App for Remote Control :
The mobile app is developed to work on both Android and iOS platforms,
enabling users to manage appliances from anywhere.
5. Firebase Integration :
Firebase is used for real-time database management and synchronization,
ensuring seamless communication between the app and appliances.
6. Low-Latency Commands :
The system is optimized for low-latency communication, ensuring that
commands sent from the app are executed almost instantly on the devices.
7. User-Friendly Interface :
The mobile app features an intuitive and responsive UI, making it easy for users
to navigate and control their home appliances.
8. Secure Cloud Storage :
User data and device states are securely stored and managed through Firebase,
ensuring privacy and data integrity.

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3. ESP 8266 Components and Connections

 Components :

1. ESP 8266 (WIFI)

2. 4 Chaneel Relays / 4 Status LEDs
3. DHT 11 Temperature and Humidity Sensor
4. Power Supply (DC 5v -2.4A)
5. Jumper Wires

 Connections :

1. D1 Pin (GPIO4): Controls the state of the first device.

2. D2 Pin (GPIO5): Controls the state of the second device.
3. D3 Pin (GPIO12): Controls the state of the third device.
4. D4 Pin (GPIO14): Controls the state of the fourth device.
5. DHT11 Pin (GPIO2): Read temperature and humidity Data

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4. Firebase Connection

 Firebase acts as the cloud-based real-time database for this system. The
ESP8266 communicates with Firebase to both send and receive data.

 Sending Data: The ESP8266 reads sensor data (temperature, humidity)

and uploads this information to Firebase. This data is stored in Firebase
and made available to any client connected to the database.

 Receiving Commands: The ESP8266 can also receive real-time

commands from Firebase, such as switching devices on/off or adjusting
settings. Firebase updates the ESP8266 with these commands, which then
controls the connected appliances (lights, fans, etc.).

 Users can send control commands to Firebase through the app, like
turning devices on or off, setting timers, or adjusting parameters. The app
also displays real-time data, such as live temperature and humidity
readings from the ESP8266.

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5. React Native (Cross Platform)

The React Native cross-platform app (using Expo Framework) serves as the
user interface for controlling home appliances and monitoring environmental
data, such as temperature and humidity, in real-time. Built using the React
Native framework, the app is designed to work on both iOS and Android
devices with a single codebase, offering a seamless user experience across
platforms.
1. Device Control : Users can control up to 4 or more home appliances, such
as lights, fans, or other devices, directly from the app. Each device can be
toggled on or off with a simple touch interface, providing intuitive
control from anywhere.
2. Real-Time Data Monitoring : The app displays live environmental data,
including temperature and humidity levels, which are captured by the
DHT11 sensor connected to the ESP8266. This data is updated in real-
time and provides users with an accurate and up-to-date view of their
room's conditions.
3. Cross-Platform Support : Since the app is built using React Native, the
same codebase runs on both Android and iOS devices.

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6. React JS Website

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7. Benefits and Applications

 Convenience: The app allows users to control home appliances from

anywhere with internet access.
 Energy Efficiency: Automating devices based on temperature and
humidity data helps reduce energy usage, especially for heating or
cooling systems.
 Scalability: The system can be easily scaled to add more devices or
sensors as needed, making it suitable for a variety of use cases.
 Real-Time Monitoring: Users can monitor environmental conditions
in their homes in real time, making it ideal for home automation,
smart offices, or even industrial applications.
 Wide Device Compatibility: A cross-platform app built with
frameworks like React Native ensures compatibility with both
Android and iOS devices, reducing the need to develop separate apps
for each platform.
 Cost Efficiency: The Hardware is Cost Effective, we can complete
project in less then Rs. 400 and Mobile Application and Website is
totally open source. Developing a single app for multiple platforms
saves time and resources, as there is no need for separate development
teams for Android and iOS, leading to reduced development and
maintenance costs.
 Remote Accessibility: With the app's remote control feature, users
can access and control their home devices from anywhere, provided
they have an internet connection. This offers convenience and
flexibility in managing appliances, lights, and more.

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8. Conclusion

The integration of ESP8266, Firebase, and cross-platform mobile app

development represents a significant advancement in home automation
technology. This project demonstrates how these technologies can be leveraged
to create a flexible, cost-effective, and scalable system capable of controlling
multiple devices and monitoring environmental parameters in real time.
By utilizing the ESP8266 microcontroller, which is both affordable and highly
functional, we can effectively control up to four or more household devices.
This opens the door to automating various home appliances such as lights, fans,
air conditioners, and other electronic devices, offering users enhanced control
over their living environment. The integration of the DHT11 sensor allows real-
time monitoring of critical environmental factors like temperature and humidity,
providing an additional layer of convenience and information that can be used
for automated decision-making or remote monitoring.
Firebase plays a pivotal role in this system by acting as the real-time cloud-
based database that facilitates seamless communication between the ESP8266
and the mobile app. The use of Firebase ensures that all device states and
environmental data are synced in real time, allowing the system to remain
responsive to user commands regardless of their location. This real-time
capability is one of the core strengths of the project, enabling instantaneous
feedback and actions, which is critical for applications in home automation,
industrial automation, and smart energy management.
A significant aspect of this project is the mobile app, which is developed using
React Native, a leading cross-platform framework. The choice of React Native
allows us to create a single app that runs on both Android and iOS devices,
making the system accessible to a broader audience while reducing
development and maintenance costs. The mobile app serves as the user interface,
enabling users to easily control devices and monitor environmental data with a
simple and intuitive layout. The cross-platform nature of the app ensures that
the user experience is consistent across all devices, further enhancing the
accessibility and usability of the system.