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The
Shelly
Cashman
Series
®

Concepts
& Office

Technology
for Success
Microsoft 365 &
® ®

Office 2021

Australia • Brazil • Canada • Mexico • Singapore • United Kingdom • United States

Important Notice: Media content referenced within the product description or the product
text may not be available in the eBook version.

Copyright 2023 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Technology for Success and The Shelly Cashman © 2023, 2020, 2017 Cengage Learning, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Series Microsoft® 365 & Office 2021 No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced
or distributed in any form or by any means, except as permitted by U.S.
Authors: Sandy Cable, Jennifer T. Campbell,
copyright law, without the prior written permission of the copyright
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Disclaimer: The material in this text was written using Microsoft
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Library of Congress Control Number: 2022908712

Student Edition ISBN: 978-0-357-67692-9

K12 ISBN: 978-0-357-67694-3
Looseleaf available as part of a digital bundle

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Printed in the United States of America

Print Number: 01 Print Year: 2022

Computer Concepts
Module 1: Impact of Digital Technology��CC 1-1
Module 2: The Web��CC 2-1
Module 3: Computer Hardware��CC 3-1
Module 4: Operating Systems and File Management��CC 4-1
Module 5: Software and Apps��CC 5-1
Module 6: Security and Safety��CC 6-1

Word 2021
Module 1: Creating and Modifying a Flyer��WD 1-1
Module 2: Creating a Research Paper��WD 2-1
Module 3: Creating a Business Letter��WD 3-1

PowerPoint 2021
Module 1: Creating and Editing Presentations with Pictures�� PPT 1-1
Module 2: Enhancing Presentations with Shapes and SmartArt�� PPT 2-1
Module 3: Inserting WordArt, Charts, and Tables�� PPT 3-1

iii
Copyright 2023 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
iv Brief Contents Technology for Success and The Shelly Cashman Series Microsoft® 365 & Office 2021

Excel 2021
Module 1: Creating a Worksheet and a Chart��EX 1-1
Module 2: Formulas, Functions, and Formatting��EX 2-1
Module 3: Working with Large Worksheets, Charting, and What-If Analysis��EX 3-1

Access 2021
Module 1: Databases and Database Objects: An Introduction�� AC 1-1
Module 2: Querying a Database�� AC 2-1
Module 3: Maintaining a Database�� AC 3-1

Index��IND-1

Module TWO
Technology for Success: The Web
Computer Concepts Module Objective: Complete research using information
gathered from reliable online sources.
Module ONE Explain the Role of the Web in Daily Life CC 2-2
Impact of Digital Technology Define Web Browsing Terms CC 2-2
Module Objective: Analyze the ways in which technology Explain the Purpose of a Top-Level Domain CC 2-5
has revolutionized the last quarter of the century. Describe Internet Standards CC 2-5
Explain Society’s Reliance on Technology CC 1-2 Describe Websites and Webpages CC 2-5
Outline the History of Computers CC 1-2 Identify the Types of Websites CC 2-6
Explain the Impact of the Internet of Things and Explain the Pros and Cons of Web Apps CC 2-8
Embedded Computers CC 1-3 Identify the Major Components of a Webpage CC 2-9
ATMs and Kiosks CC 1-4 Identify Secure and Insecure Websites CC 2-10
IoT at Home CC 1-5 Use E-commerce CC 2-10
IoT in Business CC 1-5 Explain the Role of E-commerce in Daily Life CC 2-11
Discover Uses for Artificial Intelligence CC 1-6 Use E-commerce in Business Transactions CC 2-11
Explore the Impact of Virtual Reality CC 1-6 Use E-commerce in Personal Transactions CC 2-12
The Digital Divide CC 1-7 Find E-commerce Deals CC 2-13
Develop Personal Uses for Technology CC 1-7 Apply Information Literacy Skills to Web
Explore Personal Uses for Technology CC 1-7 Searches CC 2-13
Use Robotics and Virtual Reality CC 1-8 Define Information Literacy CC 2-14
Utilize Technology in Daily Life CC 1-9 Explain How Search Engines Work CC 2-14
Use Technology to Assist Users with Disabilities CC 1-10 Use Search Tools and Strategies CC 2-14
Apply Green Computing Concepts to Daily Life CC 1-11 Refine Web Searches CC 2-15
Enterprise Computing CC 1-12 Conduct Online Research CC 2-17
Explain the Role of Technology Use Specialty Search Engines CC 2-17
in the Professional World CC 1-13 Evaluate Online Information CC 2-18
List the Ways that Professionals Might Gather Content from Online Sources CC 2-19
Use Technology in the Workplace CC 1-13 Apply Information Literacy Standards CC 2-21
Technology in K-12 Education CC 1-13 Summary CC 2-22
Technology in Higher Education CC 1-13 Review Questions CC 2-23
Technology in Healthcare CC 1-13 Discussion Questions CC 2-24
Technology in the Transportation Industry CC 1-13 Critical Thinking Activities CC 2-24
Technology in Manufacturing CC 1-14 Key Terms CC 2-25
Explore Technology Careers CC 1-14
Explore How You Might Prepare for a Module Three
Career in Technology CC 1-16 Computer Hardware
Summary CC 1-18 Module Objective: Demonstrate familiarity with using
Review Questions CC 1-18 and maintaining computer hardware.
Discussion Questions CC 1-19 Categorize the Various Types of Computer
Critical Thinking Activities CC 1-19 Hardware CC 3-2
Key Terms CC 1-19 Define Each Component of Computer Hardware CC 3-2
v
Copyright 2023 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
vi Contents Technology for Success and The Shelly Cashman Series Microsoft® 365 & Office 2021

Visually Identify Types of Computer Hardware CC 3-4 Module five

Explain How Computers Represent Data CC 3-5
Software and Apps
Explain the Benefits of Internal, External,
Module Objective: Demonstrate familiarity with
and Cloud-Based Storage Solutions CC 3-6
common apps and productivity software.
Explain the Pros and Cons of Using Different Types
Explain How to Use Apps as Part of
of Computers, Including All-in-Ones, Tablets,
Your Daily Life CC 5-2
Mobile Devices, and Desktop Computers CC 3-7
Define Application Software CC 5-2
Determine Which Hardware Features Are
Describe the Purpose of Each Key Type of App CC 5-3
Personally Necessary to Consider When
Describe Types of Apps CC 5-3
Purchasing a Computer CC 3-9
Identify Common Features of Apps CC 5-4
Demonstrate Familiarity with Input and
Use Mobile Apps CC 5-5
Output Devices CC 3-14
Use Common Features of Productivity
Experiment with Input Devices CC 3-14
and Graphics Apps CC 5-9
Experiment with Output Devices CC 3-16
Identify Apps and Productivity Suites
Explain How to Install Computer Hardware CC 3-17
Related to Word Processing, Spreadsheet,
Maintain Hardware Components CC 3-18
Presentation, and Database Software CC 5-10
Measure the Performance of Computer Hardware CC 3-18
Use Word Processing Software for Basic
Explain How to Troubleshoot Problems
Word Processing Functions CC 5-11
with Hardware and Peripherals CC 3-18
Format Documents Using Word Processing
Explain the Necessary Steps to Maintain
Software CC 5-13
Computer Hardware CC 3-25
Use Spreadsheet Software to Manage
Explain How to Restore a Device and Its
Basic Workbooks CC 5-14
Associated Hardware and Software CC 3-26
Use Presentation Software to Create
Summary CC 3-27
and Share Presentations CC 5-19
Review Questions CC 3-27
Use Database Software to Manage
Discussion Questions CC 3-28
Basic Databases CC 5-24
Critical Thinking Activities CC 3-28
Use Graphics Software CC 5-28
Key Terms CC 3-28
Summary CC 5-32
Review Questions CC 5-33
Module four Discussion Questions CC 5-33
Operating Systems and Critical Thinking Activities CC 5-34
File Management Key Terms CC 5-34
Module Objective: Keep your chosen operating
systems running smoothly, through personalization Module six
and maintenance.
Security and Safety
Compare Operating Systems CC 4-2
Module Objective: Safeguard against the major health
Differentiate Between an Operating System
and safety risks associated with regular computer use.
and System Software CC 4-2
Discuss Computer Safety and Health Risks CC 6-2
Differentiate Between Operating Systems CC 4-3
Determine the Risks to Computer Security
Identify Desktop Components CC 4-5
and Safety CC 6-3
Explain How an Operating System Works CC 4-7
Understand the Risks to Physical, Behavioral,
The Purpose of an Operating System CC 4-7
and Social Health CC 6-5
How an Operating System Manages Memory CC 4-8
Describe Common Cybersecurity Attacks CC 6-8
Steps in the Boot Process CC 4-8
Use Protective Measures to Safeguard
How Operating Systems Manage Input and Output CC 4-9
Computers and Data CC 6-12
Personalize an Operating System to
Explain the Steps to Protect Computer
Increase Productivity CC 4-10
Equipment CC 6-12
Customize System Software CC 4-10
Protect Mobile Devices and Your Privacy CC 6-15
Customize Hardware Using System Software CC 4-11
Use Strong Authentication CC 6-17
Manage Desktop Windows CC 4-12
Explain the Benefits of Encryption CC 6-20
Use Administrative Tools CC 4-13
Discuss Measures to Prevent Identity Theft
Manage Files and Folders CC 4-16
and Protect Financial Information CC 6-21
Compress and Uncompress Files CC 4-16
Protect Yourself While Online CC 6-23
Save Files to Folders and File Systems CC 4-16
Summary CC 6-24
Determine File Properties CC 4-17
Review Questions CC 6-25
Manage File Names and File Placement CC 4-18
Discussion Questions CC 6-26
Manage Folder Names and Folder Placement CC 4-18
Critical Thinking Activities CC 6-26
Organize Files Using File Management Tools CC 4-19
Key Terms CC 6-26
Summary CC 4-20
References CC 6-27
Review Questions CC 4-20
Discussion Questions CC 4-21
Critical Thinking Activities CC 4-21
Key Terms CC 4-21

Selecting Text WD 1-48

To Save an Existing Document with
Microsoft Word 2021 a Different File Name WD 1-49
Inserting and Formatting a Picture in a
Module ONE Word Document WD 1-50
Creating and Modifying a Flyer To Center a Paragraph WD 1-51
What Is Word? WD 1-1 To Insert a Picture from a File WD 1-51
Introduction WD 1-2 To Change the Zoom to One Page WD 1-53
Project: Flyer with a Picture WD 1-2 To Resize an Object Proportionally WD 1-53
Starting and Using Word WD 1-3 To Apply a Picture Style WD 1-55
To Start Word and Create a Blank Document WD 1-3 To Apply a Picture Effect WD 1-56
The Word Window WD 1-5 Enhancing the Page WD 1-57
To Display a Different Tab on the Ribbon WD 1-10 To Change Theme Colors WD 1-58
To Adjust the Margins WD 1-11 To Add a Page Border WD 1-59
Entering Text in a Document WD 1-12 To Change Spacing before and after Paragraphs WD 1-60
To Type Text WD 1-12 To Change the Document Properties WD 1-61
To Change the Zoom to Page Width WD 1-13 To Save an Existing Document with
To Display Formatting Marks WD 1-14 the Same File Name WD 1-62
Wordwrap WD 1-14 To Close a Document WD 1-63
To Wordwrap Text as You Type WD 1-15 Correcting Errors and Revising a Document WD 1-64
Spelling and Grammar Check WD 1-15 Types of Changes Made to Documents WD 1-64
To Enter More Text with Spelling To Open a Document WD 1-64
and Grammar Errors WD 1-16 To Change the Zoom to Page Width WD 1-65
To Check Spelling and Grammar To Insert Text in an Existing Document WD 1-65
as You Work in a Document WD 1-16 Cutting, Copying, and Pasting WD 1-66
To Insert a Blank Line WD 1-18 To Delete or Cut Text WD 1-66
To Enter More Text WD 1-19 To Copy and Paste WD 1-67
Navigating a Document WD 1-20 To Display the Paste Options Menu WD 1-68
To Save a Document for the First Time WD 1-21 To Move Text WD 1-69
Formatting Paragraphs and Characters WD 1-23 To Switch to Read Mode WD 1-70
Font, Font Sizes, and Themes WD 1-24 To Switch to Print Layout View WD 1-71
To Change the Document Theme WD 1-25 To Save a Document with the Same File Name WD 1-71
To Center a Paragraph WD 1-27 To Print a Document WD 1-71
To Center Another Paragraph WD 1-28 Using Word Help WD 1-72
Formatting Single versus Multiple To Use the Search Box WD 1-73
Paragraphs and Characters WD 1-28 To Use the Help Pane WD 1-74
To Select a Line WD 1-28 Obtaining Help while Working in Word WD 1-75
To Change the Font Size of Selected Text WD 1-29 To Sign Out of a Microsoft Account WD 1-75
To Change the Font of Selected Text WD 1-30 To Exit Word WD 1-76
To Change the Case of Selected Text WD 1-31 Summary WD 1-77
To Apply a Preset Text Effect to Selected Text WD 1-32 Apply Your Knowledge WD 1-78
To Shade a Paragraph WD 1-33 Extend Your Knowledge WD 1-80
To Select a Paragraph WD 1-34 Expand Your World WD 1-82
To Change the Font Color of Selected Text WD 1-35 In the Lab WD 1-84
To Change the Font Size of Selected Text WD 1-35
To Change the Zoom Percentage WD 1-36 Module two
To Select Multiple Lines WD 1-37 Creating a Research Paper
To Change the Font Size of Selected Text WD 1-38 Introduction WD 2-1
To Number a List of Paragraphs WD 1-38 Project: Research Paper WD 2-1
To Undo and Redo an Action WD 1-40 MLA Documentation Style WD 2-2
To Bullet a List of Paragraphs WD 1-40 Changing Document Settings WD 2-4
AutoFormat As You Type WD 1-42 To Start Word and Specify Settings WD 2-4
To Remove a Hyperlink WD 1-42 Styles WD 2-4
To Center Another Paragraph WD 1-43 To Modify a Style WD 2-5
To Use the Mini Toolbar to Format Text WD 1-43 Adjusting Line and Paragraph Spacing WD 2-6
To Select a Group of Words WD 1-45 To Change Line Spacing WD 2-6
To Underline Text WD 1-45 To Remove Space after a Paragraph WD 2-7
To Italicize Text WD 1-46 To Update a Style to Match a Selection WD 2-8
To Select Nonadjacent Text WD 1-47 Creating a Header WD 2-8
To Bold Text WD 1-48 To Insert a Header WD 2-9

To Right-Align a Paragraph WD 2-10 To Insert Another Comment WD 2-59

To Enter Text in a Header WD 2-10 To Go To a Comment WD 2-59
To Insert Page Numbers WD 2-10 To Edit a Comment in a Comment Box WD 2-60
To Close the Header WD 2-12 To Go to a Comment WD 2-60
Typing the Research Paper Text WD 2-12 To Reply to a Comment WD 2-61
To Enter Name and Course Information WD 2-13 To Hide and Show Comments WD 2-61
To Click and Type WD 2-14 To Delete a Comment WD 2-62
Keyboard Shortcuts for Formatting Text WD 2-15 To Delete All Comments WD 2-62
To Format Text Using a Keyboard Shortcut WD 2-15 To Exit Word WD 2-63
To Display the Rulers WD 2-16 Summary WD 2-63
To First-Line Indent Paragraphs WD 2-16 Apply Your Knowledge WD 2-64
To AutoCorrect as You Type WD 2-18 Extend Your Knowledge WD 2-65
To Use the AutoCorrect Options Button WD 2-18 Expand Your World WD 2-68
To Create an AutoCorrect Entry WD 2-19 In the Lab WD 2-69
The AutoCorrect Dialog Box WD 2-20
To Enter More Text WD 2-21 Module three
Citations WD 2-22 Creating a Business Letter
To Change the Bibliography Style WD 2-22 Introduction WD 3-1
To Insert a Citation for a New Source WD 2-23 Project: Business Letter WD 3-1
To Enter More Text WD 2-25 To Start Word and Change Word Settings WD 3-3
Footnotes WD 2-25 Creating a Letterhead WD 3-4
To Insert a Footnote WD 2-26 To Insert a Shape WD 3-5
To Insert a Citation Placeholder WD 2-27 Floating versus Inline Objects WD 3-6
Footnote Text Style WD 2-28 To Change an Object’s Position WD 3-7
To Modify a Style Using a Shortcut Menu WD 2-28 To Change an Object’s Text Wrapping WD 3-8
To Edit a Source WD 2-30 To Apply a Shape Style WD 3-8
To Edit a Citation WD 2-32 To Change the Shape Outline WD 3-9
Working with Footnotes and Endnotes WD 2-33 To Apply a Shape Effect WD 3-10
To Enter More Text WD 2-34 To Add Text to a Shape WD 3-10
To Count Words WD 2-34 To Use the ‘Increase Font Size’ Button WD 3-11
Automatic Page Breaks WD 2-35 To Bold Selected Text and Save the
To Enter More Text and Insert a Letterhead Document WD 3-12
Citation Placeholder WD 2-35 To Insert an Online Picture WD 3-12
To Hide and Show White Space WD 2-35 To Resize a Picture to a Percent of the
To Edit a Source WD 2-37 Original Size WD 3-14
To Enter More Text WD 2-38 To Change the Color of a Picture WD 3-15
Creating an Alphabetical Works Cited Page WD 2-38 To Adjust the Brightness and Contrast
To Insert a Page Break WD 2-39 of a Picture WD 3-16
To Apply a Style WD 2-39 To Add a Picture Border WD 3-16
To Center Text WD 2-40 To Change an Object’s Text Wrapping WD 3-17
To Create a Bibliographical Reference List WD 2-40 To Move an Object WD 3-18
Proofreading and Revising the Research Paper WD 2-42 To Copy an Object WD 3-18
To Edit a Source Using the Source To Use Paste Options to Paste an Object WD 3-18
Manager Dialog Box WD 2-43 To Move an Object WD 3-19
To Update a Field (the Bibliography) WD 2-43 To Flip an Object WD 3-19
To Open the Navigation Pane WD 2-45 To Format and Enter Text WD 3-20
To Go to a Page WD 2-45 To Insert a Symbol from the Symbol
To Insert a Citation Using an Existing Source WD 2-46 Gallery WD 3-20
To Move a Citation WD 2-47 To Enter Text WD 3-21
To Find Text WD 2-47 To Add a Paragraph Border WD 3-21
To Replace Text WD 2-48 To Clear Formatting WD 3-22
Find and Replace Dialog Box WD 2-49 Creating a Business Letter WD 3-23
To Use the Thesaurus WD 2-49 To Save a Document with a New
To Check Spelling and Grammar at Once WD 2-50 File Name WD 3-24
The Main and Custom Dictionaries WD 2-52 To Apply a Style WD 3-24
To Save and Print the Document WD 2-53 Using Tab Stops to Align Text WD 3-25
To Look Up Information WD 2-54 To Display the Ruler WD 3-26
To Use Researcher WD 2-54 To Set Custom Tab Stops WD 3-26
To Change the Zoom to Multiple Pages WD 2-55 To Insert the Current Date in a Document WD 3-27
To Change Read Mode Color WD 2-56 To Enter the Inside Address and Salutation WD 3-28
Working with Comments in a Document WD 2-57 Tables WD 3-29
To Insert a Comment WD 2-57 To Insert an Empty Table WD 3-30

To Enter Data in a Table WD 3-31 Formatting Characters PPT 1-16

To Enter More Data in a Table WD 3-32 Fonts and Font Styles PPT 1-16
To Apply a Table Style WD 3-32 To Select a Paragraph PPT 1-16
To Select a Column WD 3-34 To Italicize Text PPT 1-17
Selecting Table Contents WD 3-35 To Increase Font Size PPT 1-17
To Insert a Row in a Table WD 3-35 To Select a Word PPT 1-17
Deleting Table Data WD 3-37 To Change the Text Color PPT 1-18
To Add More Text WD 3-37 To Zoom a Slide PPT 1-19
To Bullet a List as You Type WD 3-38 To Save a Presentation for the First Time PPT 1-19
To Enter More Text and then Save the Letter WD 3-39 Adding a Slide with a Bulleted List PPT 1-22
Working with SmartArt Graphics WD 3-39 To Add a New Title and Content Slide PPT 1-22
To Insert a Page Break WD 3-39 Creating a Multilevel Bulleted List PPT 1-23
To Enter and Format Text WD 3-40 To Enter a Slide Title PPT 1-23
To Add and Format a Paragraph Border WD 3-41 To Select a Text Placeholder PPT 1-24
To Clear Formatting WD 3-43 To Type a Multilevel Bulleted List PPT 1-24
To Apply a Style and Enter More Text WD 3-43 To Type the Remaining Text PPT 1-26
To Change the Underline Style WD 3-44 To Select a Group of Words PPT 1-26
To Use the Format Painter Button WD 3-45 To Bold Text PPT 1-27
SmartArt Graphics WD 3-46 To Increase Font Size PPT 1-27
To Insert a SmartArt Graphic WD 3-47 To Underline Text PPT 1-27
To Delete Shapes from a SmartArt Graphic WD 3-49 Adding Slides, Changing Slide Layouts, and
To Add Text to Shapes in a SmartArt Graphic WD 3-50 Changing the Theme PPT 1-28
To Add a Shape to a SmartArt Graphic WD 3-51 To Add a New Slide and Enter a Slide Title
To Add More Shapes and Text to a and Headings PPT 1-28
SmartArt Graphic WD 3-52 To Change the Font PPT 1-30
To Change Colors of a SmartArt Graphic WD 3-54 To Add a Slide with the Title Only Layout PPT 1-31
To Apply a SmartArt Style WD 3-55 To Enter a Slide Title PPT 1-32
To Resize the SmartArt Graphic WD 3-55 To Change the Theme PPT 1-32
To Save and Print the Letter WD 3-56 PowerPoint Views PPT 1-34
Enhancing a Document’s Accessibility WD 3-56 To Move to Another Slide in Normal View PPT 1-34
Addressing and Printing Envelopes and Inserting, Resizing, and Moving Pictures PPT 1-36
Mailing Labels WD 3-57 To Insert a Picture into a Slide without a
To Address and Print an Envelope WD 3-57 Content Placeholder PPT 1-36
Envelopes and Labels WD 3-58 To Insert another Picture into a Slide without
Summary WD 3-59 a Content Placeholder PPT 1-38
Apply Your Knowledge WD 3-60 To Insert Another Picture into a Slide without
Extend Your Knowledge WD 3-62 a Content Placeholder PPT 1-38
Expand Your World WD 3-64 To Insert a Picture into a Content
In the Lab WD 3-65 Placeholder PPT 1-39
Resizing Photos and Illustrations PPT 1-39
To Proportionally Resize Pictures PPT 1-40
To Resize the Picture on Slide 2 PPT 1-41
Microsoft PowerPoint 2021 To Resize the Picture on Slide 4 PPT 1-41
To Move Pictures PPT 1-42
Module ONE To Insert Another Picture into a Slide
Creating and Editing Presentations without a Content Placeholder PPT 1-43
with Pictures To Rotate a Picture PPT 1-43
What Is PowerPoint? PPT 1-1 To Nonproportionally Resize the Picture
Project: Presentation with a Bulleted List on Slide 2 PPT 1-44
and Pictures PPT 1-2 To Move a Slide in Normal View PPT 1-46
Starting and Using PowerPoint PPT 1-3 To Save a Presentation with the
To Start PowerPoint and Create a Blank Same File Name PPT 1-46
Presentation PPT 1-3 To Close a File Using Backstage View PPT 1-47
The PowerPoint Window PPT 1-5 To Open a Recent File Using Backstage View PPT 1-47
To Display a Different Tab on the Ribbon PPT 1-10 Making Changes to Slide Text Content PPT 1-48
Creating a Title Slide PPT 1-11 Replacing Text in an Existing Slide PPT 1-49
To Choose a Presentation Theme PPT 1-11 Deleting Text PPT 1-49
To Enter the Presentation Title PPT 1-13 To Delete Text in a Placeholder PPT 1-49
Correcting a Mistake When Typing PPT 1-14 To Change the Theme Colors PPT 1-50
Paragraphs PPT 1-14 To Add Notes PPT 1-51
To Enter the Presentation Subtitle Paragraph PPT 1-14 Checking Spelling PPT 1-52
To Zoom a Slide PPT 1-15 To Check Spelling PPT 1-53

Document Properties PPT 1-54 To Select Shapes PPT 2-34

Changing Views PPT 1-55 To Format Shape Text PPT 2-34
To Change Views PPT 1-55 To Change a Shape Fill Color PPT 2-35
Viewing the Presentation in Slide Show View PPT 1-56 Positioning Slide Elements PPT 2-36
To Start Slide Show View PPT 1-56 Aligning and Distributing Objects PPT 2-37
To Move Manually through Slides in a To Display the Drawing Guides PPT 2-38
Slide Show PPT 1-58 To Display the Ruler PPT 2-38
Saving and Printing Files PPT 1-59 To Display the Gridlines PPT 2-39
To Save a File with a Different File Name PPT 1-59 To Position a Shape Using Guides, Gridlines,
To Print Full Page Slides PPT 1-59 and the Ruler PPT 2-40
To Preview and Print a Handout PPT 1-61 To Position the Remaining Shapes PPT 2-41
To Print Speaker Notes PPT 1-62 To Distribute Shapes PPT 2-41
To Change the Print Color PPT 1-63 To Align a Shape PPT 2-42
Using PowerPoint Help PPT 1-64 To Position the Arrow Shape PPT 2-43
To Obtain Help Using the Help Pane PPT 1-64 To Flip a Shape PPT 2-44
Obtaining Help while Working in PowerPoint PPT 1-66 To Change the Stacking Order PPT 2-44
To Obtain Help Using the Search Box PPT 1-67 To Group Objects PPT 2-45
To Sign Out of a Microsoft Account PPT 1-67 To Insert Additional Shapes PPT 2-46
Summary PPT 1-68 To Merge Shapes PPT 2-47
Apply Your Knowledge PPT 1-69 To Hide the Grid and Guides PPT 2-48
Extend Your Knowledge PPT 1-71 To Hide Rulers PPT 2-48
Expand Your World PPT 1-72 To Apply a Picture Fill to a Shape PPT 2-49
In the Lab PPT 1-73 To Change a Shape Outline Weight PPT 2-50
To Change a Shape Outline Color PPT 2-51
Module two To Change a Shape Outline Style PPT 2-52
Enhancing Presentations with Shapes To Apply an Effect to a Shape PPT 2-52
and SmartArt To Rotate a Shape to an Exact Value PPT 2-53
Introduction PPT 2-1 To Add a Slide Title PPT 2-54
Project—Presentation with SmartArt and Shapes PPT 2-1 To Add and Format a Shape PPT 2-54
Downloading a Theme and Editing Slides PPT 2-3 Adding a Footer PPT 2-55
To Search for and Download an To Add a Footer with Fixed Information PPT 2-55
Online Theme PPT 2-3 Adding a Transition PPT 2-56
To Save the Presentation PPT 2-5 To Add a Transition between Slides PPT 2-57
To Delete a Slide PPT 2-5 To Save and Print the Presentation PPT 2-59
To Create a Title Slide PPT 2-7 Summary PPT 2-59
To Align a Paragraph PPT 2-7 Apply Your Knowledge PPT 2-60
To Create the First Text Slide PPT 2-8 Extend Your Knowledge PPT 2-63
To Insert a Symbol PPT 2-9 Expand Your World PPT 2-64
To Copy a Symbol PPT 2-11 In the Lab PPT 2-66
To Add a Hyperlink to a Paragraph PPT 2-12
Creating and Formatting a SmartArt Graphic PPT 2-13 Module three
To Convert Text to a SmartArt Graphic PPT 2-14 Inserting WordArt, Charts, and Tables
To Edit SmartArt Shape Text PPT 2-15 Introduction PPT 3-1
Text Pane PPT 2-16 Project—Presentation with WordArt, a Chart,
To Edit SmartArt Bulleted Text PPT 2-17 and a Table PPT 3-1
To Format Text Pane Characters PPT 2-18 Adding a Chart to a Slide and Formatting PPT 3-3
To Change the SmartArt Layout PPT 2-19 To Run PowerPoint, Apply a Theme, and
To Edit the Title Text PPT 2-21 Save the Presentation PPT 3-3
To Duplicate a Slide PPT 2-21 To Delete a Placeholder PPT 3-4
To Insert a SmartArt Graphic PPT 2-22 To Insert a Chart PPT 3-5
To Add Text to the SmartArt Graphic PPT 2-23 To Replace Sample Data PPT 3-6
To Apply a SmartArt Style PPT 2-24 To Resize a Chart PPT 3-8
Inserting and Formatting a Shape PPT 2-25 To Align a Chart PPT 3-9
To Insert a Shape PPT 2-25 To Change a Chart Style PPT 3-10
Resizing Shapes PPT 2-27 To Change the Shape Outline Color PPT 3-11
To Resize a Shape Proportionally PPT 2-28 To Change the Shape Outline Weight PPT 3-12
To Resize a Shape Nonproportionally by To Change the Title and Legend Font and
Entering an Exact Measurement PPT 2-28 Font Size PPT 3-13
To Select All Slide Content PPT 2-30 Adding a Table to a Slide and Formatting PPT 3-13
To Apply a Shape Style PPT 2-31 Tables PPT 3-14
To Copy and Paste a Shape PPT 2-32 To Insert an Empty Table PPT 3-14
To Add Text to a Shape PPT 2-33 To Enter Data in a Table PPT 3-15

To Apply a Table Style PPT 3-16

To Add Borders to a Table
To Add an Effect to a Table
PPT 3-17
PPT 3-18
Microsoft Excel 2021
To Insert a Table Row PPT 3-19
Module ONE
To Insert a Table Column PPT 3-20
To Resize a Table PPT 3-21
Creating a Worksheet and a Chart
Objectives EX 1-1
To Align a Table PPT 3-22
Introduction EX 1-1
To Add a Slide Title PPT 3-23
Project: Real Estate Budget Worksheet and Chart EX 1-1
Inserting and Formatting a Text Box PPT 3-23
Starting and Using Excel EX 1-4
To Insert a Text Box and Format Text PPT 3-23
What Is Excel? EX 1-4
To Format Text Box Characters PPT 3-24
To Start Excel and Create a Blank Workbook EX 1-5
Inserting and Moving Slides PPT 3-26
The Excel Window EX 1-7
To Reuse Slides from an
To Display a Different Tab on the Ribbon EX 1-12
Existing Presentation PPT 3-27
Selecting a Cell EX 1-12
To Move a Slide in Slide Sorter View PPT 3-29
Entering Text EX 1-12
Inserting Pictures and Adding Effects PPT 3-30
To Enter the Worksheet Titles EX 1-13
To Delete a Picture PPT 3-30
AutoCorrect EX 1-15
To Insert and Resize a Picture into a Slide
To Enter Column Titles EX 1-15
without Content Placeholders PPT 3-31
To Enter Row Titles EX 1-17
To Crop a Picture PPT 3-31
Entering Numbers EX 1-18
Adjusting Picture Colors PPT 3-33
To Enter Numbers EX 1-18
To Color a Picture PPT 3-34
Calculating Sums and Using Formulas EX 1-20
To Add an Artistic Effect to a Picture PPT 3-35
To Sum a Column of Numbers EX 1-20
To Change the Picture Softness PPT 3-36
Using the Fill Handle to Copy
To Apply a Picture Style PPT 3-37
a Cell to Adjacent Cells EX 1-21
To Size a Picture PPT 3-37
To Copy a Cell to Adjacent Cells in a Row EX 1-22
To Move a Picture PPT 3-38
To Calculate Multiple Totals at the Same Time EX 1-24
To Align Pictures PPT 3-39
Calculating Average, Maximum, and
Creating and Formatting WordArt PPT 3-40
Minimum Values EX 1-25
To Insert WordArt PPT 3-40
To Enter a Formula Using the Keyboard EX 1-26
To Change the WordArt Shape PPT 3-41
To Copy a Cell to Adjacent Cells in a Row
To Change the WordArt 3-D Rotation Effect PPT 3-43
Using the Fill Handle EX 1-27
To Change the WordArt Text Fill Color PPT 3-44
Saving the Project EX 1-27
To Change the WordArt Text Outline Color PPT 3-44
To Save a Workbook EX 1-28
To Convert Text to WordArt PPT 3-45
Formatting the Worksheet EX 1-30
To Resize WordArt Proportionally PPT 3-45
Font Style, Size, and Color EX 1-32
Animating Slide Content PPT 3-46
To Change a Cell Style EX 1-32
Custom Animations PPT 3-46
To Change the Font EX 1-34
To Animate an Object Using
To Apply Bold Style to a Cell EX 1-35
an Entrance Effect PPT 3-47
To Increase the Font Size of a Cell Entry EX 1-36
To Change Animation Direction PPT 3-47
To Change the Font Color of a Cell Entry EX 1-37
To Change the Animation Start Option PPT 3-48
To Center Cell Entries across Columns
To Preview an Animation Sequence PPT 3-49
by Merging Cells EX 1-38
To Change the Animation Duration PPT 3-49
To Format Rows Using Cell Styles EX 1-39
To Animate Text PPT 3-50
To Format Numbers in the Worksheet EX 1-41
To Change the Animation Sequence
To Adjust the Column Width EX 1-42
Effect Option PPT 3-50
To Use the Name Box to Select a Cell EX 1-44
Adding Media to Slides PPT 3-51
Other Ways to Select Cells EX 1-44
To Insert a Video File PPT 3-52
Adding a Pie Chart to the Worksheet EX 1-45
To Resize a Video Clip PPT 3-53
To Add a Pie Chart EX 1-46
To Move a Video Clip PPT 3-54
To Apply a Style to a Chart EX 1-48
To Change Video Contrast PPT 3-54
Changing the Sheet Tab Names and Colors EX 1-49
To Play a Video File Automatically PPT 3-55
To Move a Chart to a New Sheet EX 1-49
To Add a Transition between Slides PPT 3-56
To Change the Sheet Tab Name and Color EX 1-50
To Run a Slide Show with Animations
Document Properties EX 1-51
and Video PPT 3-56
Printing a Worksheet EX 1-52
To Save and Print the Presentation PPT 3-57
To Preview and Print a Worksheet in
Summary PPT 3-57
Landscape Orientation EX 1-53
Apply Your Knowledge PPT 3-58
Viewing Automatic Calculations EX 1-56
Extend Your Knowledge PPT 3-60
To Use the AutoCalculate Area to
Expand Your World PPT 3-61
Determine a Maximum EX 1-56
In the Lab PPT 3-62

Correcting Errors EX 1-57 To Change the Background Color and

Correcting Errors while Entering Data Apply a Box Border to the Worksheet
into a Cell EX 1-57 Title and Subtitle EX 2-26
Correcting Errors after Entering Data into a Cell EX 1-57 To Apply a Cell Style to the Column Headings
Undoing the Last Cell Entry EX 1-59 and Format the Total Rows EX 2-27
Clearing a Cell or Range of Cells EX 1-59 To Format Dates and Center Data in Cells EX 2-28
Clearing the Entire Worksheet EX 1-60 To Apply an Accounting Number Format
Using Excel Help EX 1-60 and Comma Style Format Using
To Obtain Help Using the Search Text Box EX 1-61 the Ribbon EX 2-29
Obtaining Help while Working in an To Apply a Currency Style Format with a
Office App EX 1-63 Floating Dollar Sign Using the
To Obtain Help Using the Search Box EX 1-63 Format Cells Dialog Box EX 2-30
To Save a Workbook with a To Apply a Percent Style Format and Use the
Different File Name EX 1-64 Increase Decimal Button EX 2-31
To Sign Out of a Microsoft Account EX 1-64 Conditional Formatting EX 2-31
Summary EX 1-65 To Apply Conditional Formatting EX 2-32
Apply Your Knowledge EX 1-66 Conditional Formatting Operators EX 2-34
Extend Your Knowledge EX 1-68 Changing Column Width and Row Height EX 2-35
Expand Your World EX 1-69 To Change Column Width EX 2-35
In the Lab EX 1-69 To Change Row Height EX 2-38
Checking Spelling EX 2-39
Module TWO To Check Spelling on the Worksheet EX 2-40
Formulas, Functions, and Formatting Additional Spelling Checker Considerations EX 2-41
Objectives EX 2-1 Printing the Worksheet EX 2-41
Introduction EX 2-1 To Change the Worksheet’s Margins, Header,
Project: Worksheet with Formulas and Functions EX 2-2 and Orientation in Page Layout View EX 2-42
Entering the Titles and Numbers into To Print a Worksheet EX 2-44
the Worksheet EX 2-4 To Print a Section of the Worksheet EX 2-45
To Enter the Worksheet Title and Subtitle EX 2-4 Displaying and Printing the Formulas Version
To Enter the Column Titles EX 2-5 of the Worksheet EX 2-46
To Enter the Salary Data EX 2-5 To Display the Formulas in the Worksheet
Flash Fill EX 2-6 and Fit the Printout on One Page EX 2-47
To Use Flash Fill EX 2-7 To Change the Print Scaling Option Back
To Enter the Row Titles EX 2-8 to 100% EX 2-48
To Change the Sheet Tab Name and Color EX 2-8 Summary EX 2-49
Entering Formulas EX 2-9 Apply Your Knowledge EX 2-50
To Enter a Formula Using the Keyboard EX 2-9 Extend Your Knowledge EX 2-51
Arithmetic Operations EX 2-10 Expand Your World EX 2-52
Order of Operations EX 2-10 In the Lab EX 2-53
To Enter Formulas Using Point Mode EX 2-11
To Copy Formulas Using the Fill Handle EX 2-13 Module THREE
Option Buttons EX 2-14 Working with Large Worksheets,
To Determine Totals Using the Charting, and What-If Analysis
AutoSum Button EX 2-14 Objectives EX 3-1
To Determine the Total Tax Percentage EX 2-15 Introduction EX 3-1
Using the AVERAGE, MAX, MIN, and Project: Financial Projection Worksheet with
Other Statistical Functions EX 2-16 What-If Analysis and Chart EX 3-2
To Determine the Highest Number in a To Enter the Worksheet Titles and
Range of Numbers Using the Apply a Theme EX 3-5
Insert Function Dialog Box EX 2-16 Rotating Text and Using the Fill Handle
To Determine the Lowest Number in a to Create a Series EX 3-5
Range of Numbers Using the To Rotate Text in a Cell EX 3-5
Sum Menu EX 2-18 To Use the Fill Handle to Create a
To Determine the Average of a Range of Series of Month Names EX 3-7
Numbers Using the Keyboard EX 2-20 Using the Auto Fill Options Menu EX 3-8
To Copy a Range of Cells across Columns to To Increase Column Widths EX 3-9
an Adjacent Range Using the Fill Handle EX 2-21 To Enter and Indent Row Titles EX 3-10
Verifying Formulas Using Range Finder EX 2-22 Copying a Range of Cells to a Nonadjacent
To Verify a Formula Using Range Finder EX 2-22 Destination Area EX 3-10
Formatting the Worksheet EX 2-23 To Copy a Range of Cells to a
To Change the Workbook Theme EX 2-24 Nonadjacent Destination Area EX 3-11
To Format the Worksheet Titles EX 2-25 Using the Paste Options Menu EX 3-12

Using Drag and Drop to Move or Copy Cells EX 3-12 Goal Seeking EX 3-56
Using Cut and Paste to Move Cells EX 3-13 To Goal Seek EX 3-56
Inserting and Deleting Cells in a Worksheet EX 3-13 Insights EX 3-58
To Insert a Row EX 3-14 To Use the Smart Lookup Insight EX 3-58
Inserting Columns EX 3-15 Accessibility Features EX 3-59
Inserting Single Cells or a Range of Cells EX 3-15 Summary EX 3-60
Deleting Columns and Rows EX 3-16 Apply Your Knowledge EX 3-61
To Enter Numbers with Format Symbols EX 3-16 Extend Your Knowledge EX 3-62
To Enter the Projected Monthly Sales EX 3-17 Expand Your World EX 3-64
To Enter and Format the System Date EX 3-18 In the Lab EX 3-65
Absolute versus Relative Addressing EX 3-20
To Enter a Formula Containing Absolute
Cell References EX 3-22 Microsoft Access 2021
Making Decisions—The IF Function EX 3-24
To Enter an IF Function EX 3-25 Module one
To Enter the Remaining Formulas for January EX 3-26 Databases and Database Objects:
To Copy Formulas with Absolute Cell An Introduction
References Using the Fill Handle EX 3-27 Objectives AC 1-1
To Determine Row Totals in Nonadjacent Cells EX 3-28 Introduction AC 1-1
Nested Forms of the IF Function EX 3-29 Project—Database Creation AC 1-1
Adding and Formatting Sparkline Charts EX 3-30 Creating a Database AC 1-4
To Add a Sparkline Chart to the Worksheet EX 3-30 To Create a Database AC 1-5
To Change the Sparkline Style and Copy To Create a Database Using a Template AC 1-6
the Sparkline Chart EX 3-31 The Access Window AC 1-6
To Change the Sparkline Type EX 3-32 Navigation Pane and Access Work Area AC 1-6
Customizing Sparkline Charts EX 3-33 Determining Tables and Fields AC 1-7
Formatting the Worksheet EX 3-33 Naming Tables and Fields AC 1-7
To Assign Formats to Nonadjacent Ranges EX 3-34 Determining the Primary Key AC 1-7
To Format the Worksheet Titles EX 3-36 Determining Data Types for the Fields AC 1-7
To Assign Cell Styles to Nonadjacent Creating a Table in Datasheet View AC 1-9
Rows and Colors to a Cell EX 3-37 To Modify the Primary Key AC 1-10
To Copy a Cell’s Format Using the Format To Define the Remaining Fields in a Table AC 1-12
Painter Button EX 3-38 Making Changes to the Structure AC 1-13
To Format the What-If Assumptions Table EX 3-39 To Save a Table AC 1-14
Adding a Clustered Column Chart to To View the Table in Design View AC 1-15
the Workbook EX 3-39 Checking the Structure in Design View AC 1-16
To Draw a Clustered Column Chart on a To Close the Table AC 1-16
Separate Chart Sheet Using the To Add Records to a Table AC 1-17
Recommended Charts Feature EX 3-40 Making Changes to the Data AC 1-20
To Insert a Chart Title EX 3-42 Navigation Buttons AC 1-21
To Add Data Labels EX 3-42 To Resize Columns in a Datasheet AC 1-21
To Apply Chart Filters EX 3-43 To Create a Table in Design View AC 1-24
To Add an Axis Title to the Chart EX 3-44 Correcting Errors in the Structure AC 1-25
To Change the Chart Style EX 3-45 Populating the Patients Table AC 1-25
To Modify the Chart Axis Number Format EX 3-46 To Close the Table AC 1-26
To Remove Filters and Data Labels EX 3-47 To Resize Columns in a Datasheet AC 1-26
Organizing the Workbook EX 3-48 Importing Additional Access Database
To Rename and Color Sheet Tabs EX 3-48 Tables into an Existing Database AC 1-26
To Reorder the Sheet Tabs EX 3-48 Additional Database Objects AC 1-29
To Check Spelling in Multiple Sheets EX 3-49 Creating Queries AC 1-29
To Preview and Print the Worksheet EX 3-49 To Use the Simple Query Wizard to
Changing the View of the Worksheet EX 3-50 Create a Query AC 1-29
To Shrink and Magnify the View of a Using Queries AC 1-31
Worksheet or Chart EX 3-50 Creating Forms AC 1-31
To Split a Window into Panes EX 3-52 To Create a Form AC 1-31
To Remove the Panes from the Window EX 3-53 Using a Form AC 1-34
To Freeze Worksheet Columns and Rows EX 3-53 To Create a Report Using the Report Wizard AC 1-34
To Unfreeze the Worksheet Using Layout View in a Report AC 1-36
Columns and Rows EX 3-55 Database Properties AC 1-37
What-If Analysis EX 3-55 Special Database Operations AC 1-37
To Analyze Data in a Worksheet by Backup and Recovery AC 1-37
Changing Values EX 3-55 Compacting and Repairing a Database AC 1-38

Additional Operations AC 1-39 Crosstab Queries AC 2-52

To Exit Access AC 1-39 To Create a Crosstab Query AC 2-53
Summary AC 1-40 Customizing the Navigation Pane AC 2-56
Apply Your Knowledge AC 1-41 To Customize the Navigation Pane AC 2-56
Extend Your Knowledge AC 1-42 Summary AC 2-57
Expand Your World AC 1-43 Apply Your Knowledge AC 2-59
In the Lab AC 1-44 Extend Your Knowledge AC 2-60
Expand Your World AC 2-61
Module Two In the Lab AC 2-62
Querying a Database
Objectives AC 2-1 Module THREE
Introduction AC 2-1 Maintaining a Database
Project — Querying a Database AC 2-1 Objectives AC 3-1
Creating Queries AC 2-3 Introduction AC 3-1
To Create a Query in Design View AC 2-3 Project — Maintaining a Database AC 3-1
To Add Records to the Database AC 2-5 Updating Records AC 3-2
To Add Fields to the Design Grid AC 2-6 To Create a Split Form AC 3-3
Determining Criteria AC 2-7 To Use a Form to Add Records AC 3-5
Running the Query AC 2-7 To Search for a Record AC 3-5
To Use Text Data in a Criterion AC 2-7 To Update the Contents of a Record AC 3-7
Using Saved Queries AC 2-9 To Delete a Record AC 3-7
Wildcards AC 2-9 Filtering Records AC 3-8
To Use a Wildcard AC 2-10 To Use Filter By Selection AC 3-9
To Use Criteria for a Field Not Included To Toggle a Filter AC 3-10
in the Results AC 2-12 To Clear a Filter AC 3-10
Creating a Parameter Query AC 2-13 To Use a Common Filter AC 3-11
To Create and View a Parameter Query AC 2-14 To Use Filter By Form AC 3-12
To Use a Parameter Query AC 2-15 To Use Advanced Filter/Sort AC 3-13
To Use a Number in a Criterion AC 2-16 Filters and Queries AC 3-14
Comparison Operators AC 2-17 Changing the Database Structure AC 3-15
To Use a Comparison Operator in a Criterion AC 2-17 To Change a Number Field Size in Design View AC 3-17
Using Compound Criteria AC 2-19 To Add a New Field AC 3-19
To Use a Compound Criterion Involving AND AC 2-19 To Create a Lookup Field AC 3-20
To Use a Compound Criterion Involving OR AC 2-20 To Add a Multivalued Field AC 3-22
Special Criteria AC 2-21 To Add a Calculated Field AC 3-23
Sorting AC 2-22 To Save the Changes and Close the Table AC 3-25
To Clear the Design Grid AC 2-22 Mass Changes AC 3-25
To Import a Table AC 2-23 To Use an Update Query AC 3-26
To Sort Data in a Query AC 2-23 Validation Rules AC 3-28
To Omit Duplicates AC 2-24 To Change a Field Size AC 3-28
To Sort on Multiple Keys AC 2-26 To Specify a Required Field AC 3-29
To Create a Top-Values Query AC 2-28 To Specify a Range AC 3-29
Joining Tables AC 2-29 To Specify a Default Value AC 3-30
To Join Tables AC 2-30 To Specify a Collection of Legal Values AC 3-30
To Change Join Properties AC 2-32 To Save the Validation Rules, Default
To Create a Report from a Query AC 2-34 Values, and Formats AC 3-31
To Print a Report AC 2-35 Updating a Table That Contains Validation Rules AC 3-32
Creating a Form for a Query AC 2-36 Making Additional Changes to the Database AC 3-34
To Create a Form for a Query AC 2-36 To Change the Contents of a Field AC 3-34
Using a Form AC 2-37 To Use a Lookup Field AC 3-34
Exporting Data from Access to Other Applications AC 2-37 To Use a Multivalued Lookup Field AC 3-35
To Export Data to Excel AC 2-38 Changing the Appearance of a Datasheet AC 3-37
Text Files AC 2-40 To Include Totals in a Datasheet AC 3-37
Adding Criteria to a Join Query AC 2-41 To Remove Totals from a Datasheet AC 3-38
To Restrict the Records in a Join AC 2-42 To Change Gridlines in a Datasheet AC 3-39
Calculations AC 2-43 To Change the Colors and Font in a Datasheet AC 3-40
To Use a Calculated Field in a Query AC 2-43 Using the Datasheet Formatting Dialog Box AC 3-41
To Change a Caption AC 2-46 To Close the Datasheet without Saving
To Calculate Statistics AC 2-47 the Format Changes AC 3-41
To Use Criteria in Calculating Statistics AC 2-49 Multivalued Fields in Queries AC 3-42
To Use Grouping AC 2-51 To Include Multiple Values on One Row
of a Query AC 3-42

To Include Multiple Values on Multiple Summary AC 3-53

Rows of a Query AC 3-43 Apply Your Knowledge AC 3-54
To Test an Existing Query with a Extend Your Knowledge AC 3-55
Multivalued Field AC 3-44 Expand Your World AC 3-56
Referential Integrity AC 3-44 In the Labs AC 3-56
To Specify Referential Integrity AC 3-45
Effect of Referential Integrity AC 3-48 IndexI-1
To Use a Subdatasheet AC 3-49
Handling Data Inconsistency AC 3-51
Ordering Records AC 3-51
To Use the Ascending Button to
Order Records AC 3-52

Concepts
& Office

Technology
for Success
Microsoft 365 &
® ®

Office 2021

Copyright 2023 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Getting to Know
Microsoft Office Versions
Cengage is proud to bring you the next edition of Microsoft Office. This
edition was designed to provide a robust learning experience that is not
dependent upon a specific version of Office.
Microsoft supports several versions of Office:
• Office 365: A cloud-based subscription service that delivers
Microsoft’s most up-to-date, feature-rich, modern productivity tools
direct to your device. There are variations of Office 365 for business,
educational, and personal use. Office 365 offers extra online storage
and cloud-connected features, as well as updates with the latest
features, fixes, and security updates.
• Office 2021: Microsoft’s “on-premises” version of the Office apps,
available for both PCs and Macs, offered as a static, one-time
purchase and outside of the subscription model.
• Office Online: A free, simplified version of Office web applications
(Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and OneNote) that facilitates creating and
editing files collaboratively.
Office 365 (the subscription model) and Office 2021 (the one-time pur-
chase model) had only slight differences between them at the time this
content was developed. Over time, Office 365’s cloud interface will con-
tinuously update, offering new application features and functions, while
Office 2021 will remain static. Therefore, your onscreen experience may
differ from what you see in this product. For example, the more advanced
features and functionalities covered in this product may not be available
in Office Online or may have updated from what you see in Office 2021.
For more information on the differences between Office 365, Office 2021,
and Office Online, please visit the Microsoft Support site.
Cengage is committed to providing high-quality learning solutions for
you to gain the knowledge and skills that will empower you throughout
your educational and professional careers.
Thank you for using our product, and we look forward to exploring the
future of Microsoft Office with you!
Getting to Know Microsoft Office Versions OFF-1

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Copyright 2023 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
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Introduction to
Technology for Success:
Computer Concepts
You probably use technology dozens of times a day on your phone,
computer, and other digital devices to keep in touch with friends and
family, research and complete school assignments, shop, and entertain
yourself. Even though you use technology every day, understanding how
that technology works and how it can work for you will give you the
edge you want as you pursue your education and career.
Technology for Success: Computer Concepts will explain the What,
Why, and How of technology as it relates to your life, so you can unlock
the door to success in the workplace, at home, and at school. It also
provides increased skills and safety with the digital devices you use.
Technology for Success: Computer Concepts will help you master the
computer concepts you need to impress at your dream job interview in
this age of digital transformation.
Key Features
Based on extensive research and feedback from students today,
it has been found that students absorb information more easily if the
topics are broken down into smaller lessons that are clearly related to
their lives. With this in mind, and to ensure a deeper understanding
of technology in the real world, Technology for Success: Computer
Concepts uses the following approach to helping you understand and
apply its contents:
• Headings distill key takeaways to help learners understand the big
picture and serve as the building blocks of the module designed to
help you achieve mastery.
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module content.

Introduction to Technology for Success: Computer Concepts CC I-1

Title: General Wauchope

Author: F.S.A. Scot. William Baird

Release date: June 11, 2021 [eBook #65570]

Language: English

Credits: Al Haines

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GENERAL

WAUCHOPE ***
Major-General WAUCHOPE, C.B., C.M.G., LL.D.
From a Photograph by Horsburgh, Edinburgh.

GENERAL WAUCHOPE

WILLIAM BAIRD, F.S.A. SCOT.

AUTHOR OF
'JOHN THOMSON OF DUDDINGSTON, PASTOR AND PAINTER'
'ANNALS OF DUDDINGSTON AND PORTOBELLO'
'SIXTY YEARS OF CHURCH LIFE IN AYRE'
ETC.

EDINBURGH AND LONDON

OLIPHANT ANDERSON AND FERRIER
1900

TO THE
OFFICERS AND MEN OF THE HIGHLAND BRIGADE
WHO BRAVELY FOUGHT AT MAGERSFONTEIN
THIS MEMOIR OF THEIR LEADER
IS INSCRIBED

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

CHAP.

I. THE WAUCHOPES OF NIDDRIE MARISCHAL

II. CHILDHOOD—EARLY TENDENCIES—THE 'HOUSEHOLD

TROOP'—EDUCATION—NAVAL TRAINING—THE
'BRITANNIA'—THE 'ST. GEORGE'—PRINCE ALFRED

III. ENTERS THE ARMY—THE BLACK WATCH—ASHANTI WAR—

RETURN HOME—BANQUET AT PORTOBELLO

IV. DEATH OF WAUCHOPE's FATHER—ORDERED TO MALTA—

REMINISCENCES—RELIGIOUS CONVICTIONS—CYPRUS—
APPOINTMENT AS CIVIL COMMISSIONER OF PAPHO—
REMINISCENCES—SIR ROBERT BIDDULPH—THE SULTAN'S
CLAIMS

V. WAR IN SOUTH AFRICA—ARABI PASHA'S REBELLION IN

EGYPT—TEL-EL-KEBIR—MARRIAGE—LIFE IN CAIRO

VI. THE EASTERN SOUDAN—BATTLE OF EL-TEB—ATTEMPT TO

RELIEVE GENERAL GORDON—ASCENT OF THE NILE—THE
WHALE-BOATS—BATTLE OF KIRBEKAN—RETURN TO CAIRO
—MALTA—GIBRALTAR

VII. THE MIDLOTHIAN CAMPAIGN

VIII. THE 73RD REGIMENT AT MARYHILL BARRACKS—
INCIDENTS OF HOME LIFE—MILITARY LIFE AT YORK—
APPOINTMENT TO SOUDAN CAMPAIGN

IX. THE SOUDAN—BATTLES OF ATBARA AND OMDURMAN—

ARRIVAL HOME—RECEPTION AT NIDDRIE—DEGREE OF LL.D.
—PAROCHIAL DUTIES—PARLIAMENTARY CONTEST FOR
SOUTH EDINBURGH

X. OUTBREAK OF HOSTILITIES IN SOUTH AFRICA—COMMAND

OF THE HIGHLAND BRIGADE—DEPARTURE FOR SOUTH
AFRICA—THE SITUATION—BATTLE OF MAGERSFONTEIN—
DEATH—FUNERAL—AFTER THE BATTLE

XI. CHARACTERISTICS

INDEX

ILLUSTRATIONS

PORTRAIT . . . . Frontispiece

NIDDRIE MARISCHAL, FRONT VIEW

ANDREW WAUCHOPE, MIDSHIPMAN, AGE 14

ANDREW WAUCHOPE, AGE 30

NIDDRIE MARISCHAL, BACK VIEW

GENERAL WAUCHOPE ON HORSEBACK

THE GRAVE ON THE BATTLEFIELD

THE GRAVE AT MATJESFONTEIN

INTRODUCTION

On the 11th day of December 1899, amid the rattle of rifles, the fierce
booming of cannon, and the sharp bang of exploding shells, a British force
of Scottish Highlanders found themselves suddenly confronted in the
darkness of an early African morning by an unseen enemy. All night they
had been on the march, tramping the bare rocky veldt north of the Modder
river, to attack, and if possible capture, the fortified and strongly entrenched
position held by the Boer army of General Cronje among the rocks and cliffs
of Magersfontein. This was full of difficulty and danger. But the relief of the
beleaguered garrison of Kimberley was urgent, and if the work were to be
done, it demanded the best the British army could achieve. Steadily and
determinedly stepped out the men of the Highland Brigade, commanded by
him they had long had reason to trust. As lieutenant, as captain, as colonel,
they had followed him in many a well-fought battle, and now with Major-
General Wauchope leading them in the darkness, no doubt or fear entered
their breast.

But suddenly there was a flash of light from the rocks above, followed
immediately by a long belching flame of fire from a thousand rifles in front.
They had unexpectedly stumbled on the enemy. There was no time for
reorganisation, and in the midst of an entanglement of trenches and barbed
wire fencing, and exposed the while to a withering fire against which
nothing human could stand, the Highland Brigade was mown down. Here it
was, but well in front of his men, endeavouring to the last to cheer on his
followers, one of the most gallant and daring of modern British generals
fought and fell, a martyr for his Queen and country.

General Wauchope's tragic end was no unfitting conclusion to a life of

devoted, arduous service. He died as he had lived, ever in the midst of strife,
an earnest, brave, and self-denying man, thinking more of others than
himself; graced with the dignity that comes from inborn gentleness of spirit,
and ever in his conduct exemplifying the faith he professed. No wonder that
when such a man fell, there was a wail of lamentation, not merely around his
own home in Edinburgh where he was best known and loved, but throughout
the whole British Empire.

The story of his life is one of incident and hairbreadth escapes, and it
deserves to rank high in the military annals of our country; for among those
who have helped to raise Great Britain to the honourable position she holds
among the nations of the world, as the vindicator of freedom, as the
protector of the weak against the strong, as the pioneer of commerce, and the
disseminator of Christianity, there are few who have laboured more
zealously or fought more bravely than he whose career we shall in the
following pages attempt to sketch.

In biography there is perhaps nothing more alluring than to trace out traits
in remote kindred, and to watch them coming forth with new
accompaniments in later generations, to work out, as it were, the full story of
the race, and probably to mark a climax in some chosen individual. Though
we have not space to follow this out in the present case, the distinguishing
characteristics of General Wauchope's ancestors may easily be discerned
throughout his career; to them he doubtless owed that simple manliness
which looked upon every man—whatever his station—as a brother; that
unswerving courage in time of danger, that unflinching devotion to duty, that
cheerfulness of disposition, which made him a general favourite; all sobered
by a sense of the unseen and eternal which entered into the very heart of his
life.

The author's efforts to gather the scattered material of so chequered a

career have been met on all hands by so willing a response from those who
could in any way claim the General's acquaintance, that his task has been a
pleasant and a comparatively easy one. For interesting details and incidents
coming under their personal observation, his best thanks are due to Admiral
Lord Charles W. D. Beresford, C.B.; General Sir Robert Biddulph,
G.C.M.G., G.C.B., lately Governor of Gibraltar; Sir John C. M'Leod,
G.C.B.; Colonel R. K. Bayly, C.B.; Colonel Brickenden; Colonel Gordon J.
C. Money; Major A. G. Duff; Captain Christie, and other of his brother
officers who shared with him the dangers and toil of naval and military
service, in various parts of the world.
He cannot too gratefully acknowledge the kind assistance heartily given
by the Rev. George Wisely, D.D., Malta; the Rev. John Mactaggart,
Edinburgh; and the Rev. Alexander Stirling, York, army chaplains. Their
contributions have been invaluable.

So fully indeed has material been placed at the author's disposal, that the
volume might have been easily extended beyond its present limits. But
enough, it may be hoped, has been said in illustration of General Wauchope's
career as a soldier, and his character as a man, to enable his fellow-
countrymen to realise that in his lamented death the nation has lost one of its
bravest and best.

CHAPTER I

THE WAUCHOPES OF NIDDRIE MARISCHAL

Andrew Gilbert Wauchope came of a long line of ancestry, who have

distinguished themselves as soldiers, as churchmen, or in the more
commonplace capacity of country gentlemen.

The family history can be traced back for several centuries at least, as
occupying in the immediate vicinity of Edinburgh the estate of Niddrie
Marischal; and throughout the various troubles in which Scottish history has
been involved, the Lairds of Niddrie had their fair share, forfeitures and
restorations being an experience not uncommon in their career.

Glancing over their genealogy, one might almost say with truth that the
Wauchopes have ever been a fighting race, holding opinions strongly, and as
strongly asserting them by word or deed when occasion arose.

The very name of their estate has a smack of the military in it, if it is true,
as Celtic scholars say, that 'Niddrie' is derived from the Gaelic Niadh and Ri
—signifying, in the British form of Celtic, the king's champion. Then the
addition to the word, as distinguishing it from several other Niddries in
Scotland, of Marischal, Marishal, or Merschell appears to have been given to
the estate from the fact that the Wauchopes of Niddrie were in early times
hereditary bailies to Keith Lords Marischal, and later, Marischal-Deputies in
Midlothian, in the reign of James v.

Whether it be true, as stated by Mackenzie in his Lives of Eminent

Scotsmen, that the Wauchopes had their first rise in the reign of Malcolm
Caenmore, and that they came from France, we shall not stay to discuss; but
it is generally allowed that the name is a local patronymic, common in the
south of Scotland, and that the Wauchopes of Niddrie Marischal belonged
originally to Wauchopedale in Roxburghshire, where they were for long
vassals of the Earls of Douglas.

The records of the earlier generations of the family having been lost, one
cannot with accuracy say who was its founder, or when he lived. In James
the Second's reign, for making an inroad into England, and again in Queen
Mary's time, for espousing the cause of that unfortunate sovereign, the estate
of Niddrie was confiscated and passed for a time into the hands of others,
while the feu-charters that remained were afterwards destroyed when the
English under Oliver Cromwell came to Scotland. But notwithstanding these
misfortunes, there are documents extant which go to show that as far back as
the time of Robert III., who began to reign in 1390, there was one Gilbert
Wauchope holding the lands of Niddrie from that king, who is supposed to
be the grandson of Thomas Wauchope in the county of Edinburgh, mentioned
in the Ragman Rolls of 1296.

One scion of the family, born about the year 1500, in the reign of James
IV. attained to considerable distinction as an ecclesiastic. This was Robert,
the famous Archbishop of Armagh, a younger son of Archibald, the Laird of
Niddrie. Defective in his vision almost to blindness, he was, notwithstanding
this misfortune, possessed of great natural abilities, and by diligent study
attained to high and varied accomplishments. So proficient did he become in
the study of the Scriptures, the Fathers, and the Councils, that he was
appointed Doctor of Divinity in the University of Paris; and in 1535, having
attracted the notice of Pope Paul III., he was called to Rome, and employed
by him as legate to the Emperor of Germany and the King of France, in both
of which commissions he is said to have exhibited the highest qualifications
as an ambassador. Some time after he was promoted to be Archbishop of
Armagh, in Ireland. There he laboured with incredible pains to enlighten the
ignorant natives, travelling about his diocese, and often preaching to them
four or five times a week. Archbishop Wauchope found scope for his great
talents at the Council of Trent. This famous council, called together by the
Pope to counteract the influence of the Reformation initiated by Luther in
Germany, met in March 1544, and continued its sittings till 1551. The
archbishop not only took a part in its proceedings, but wrote a full account of
them, a labour which, however, proved too much for his strength, for he died
at Paris on his way home on 9th November 1551. He appears to have been
held by his contemporaries in high admiration. Lesley says: 'Such was his
judgment in secular affairs, that few of his age came near him,' and in his
capacity as legate 'he acquitted himself so well that every one admired his
wit, judgment, and experience.'

Sir James Ware, speaking of him in a similar strain, and alluding, like
Lesley, to his having been born blind, says: 'He was sent legate a latere from
the Pope to Germany, from whence came the German proverb, "a blind
legate to the sharp-sighted Germans."'

Some ancestors Robert's elder brother, Gilbert Wauchope, was meanwhile

Laird of Niddrie, acquiring more property, extending his
borders, and getting himself involved in the local feuds peculiar to the time
of James V.; that king on one occasion, April 1535, having to grant a letter of
protection in favour of him 'and his wife and bairns' against Sir Patrick
Hepburn of Wauchtonne and thirty-four others for 'umbesetting the highway
for his slaughter.' In this quarrel, even the Pope was called upon to interfere
in the interest of peace and safety. In 1539 Paul III. put forth a mandate to
the Dean of the Church of Restalrig, stating that a beloved son, a noble man,
Gilbert Wauchope, lord in temporals of the place of Niddriffmarschall,
within the diocese of St. Andrews, had represented to the Pope that some
sons of iniquity, whom he was altogether ignorant of, had wickedly brought
many and heavy losses upon the said Gilbert Wauchope by concealing the
boundaries and limits or marches of the piece of land or place called
Quhitinche, feued to him by the Abbot and Convent of the Monastery of the
Holy Cross (Holyrood).... Therefore the Pope intrusted to the discretion of
the said Venerable Dean and Commissary to admonish publicly in churches,
before the people, ... all holders, etc., and to discover and restore these to the
said Gilbert Wauchope or to the Abbot of the Monastery, under a general
sentence of excommunication against these persons, till suitable satisfaction
was made.

But the Reformation brought many changes, upsetting the laws, customs,
and opinions held sacred for centuries. The sons no longer walked in the
ways of their fathers, but began to think for themselves. And so we find that
Gilbert, the son of the laird who had sought and obtained protection from the
Pope, renounced the Pope and took an active part in promoting the
Reformation. He was present at Knox's first sermon at St. Andrews in 1547.
And at the conference of notables that afterwards was held, where Knox and
his preaching were fully discussed, and Wauchope was asked what he
thought of the Reformer, 'this answer gave the Laird of Nydre—"a man
fervent and uprycht in religioun."' This Gilbert Wauchope of Niddrie was a
member of the famous Parliament, held at Edinburgh in August 1560, by
which the Reformation was established.

Later on we have a George Wauchope, a celebrated Professor of Civil

Law at Caen, in Normandy, who was a grandson of Gilbert, and who in
1595, when he was about twenty-five years of age, wrote A Treatise
concerning the Ancient People of Rome.

But the early Wauchopes were a wonderfully varied class of men, who
could take their share of fighting when necessary; and towards the close of
the sixteenth century their feuds, their 'slauchters,' and political partisanship
well-nigh led to their extinction. The feuds with the neighbouring Hepburns
and Edmonstons were the occasion of many unhappy conflicts, while their
adhesion to the cause of Queen Mary for a time brought ruin on the family.
Professor Aytoun, in his poem of 'Bothwell,' referring to Bothwell's attempt
to intercept the Queen on her way from Stirling and carry her to Dunbar
Castle, says:—

'Hay, bid the trumpets sound the march,

Go, Bolton, to the van;
Young Niddrie follows with the rear;
Set forward every man.'
The estate of Niddrie is quite close to Craigmillar Castle, where Mary
frequently resided, and in all probability the fascination of her character
brought the Wauchopes into frequent contact with her, and led them to
espouse her cause when many of the leaders of the Scottish nobility had
declared against her. We find, therefore, that Robert Wauchope and his son
Archibald are mentioned in the 'charge agains personis denuncit rebellis' in
June 1587. This Archibald appears to have been a youth of wonderful
pugnacity, and to have got himself continually involved in trouble with the
authorities for breaches of the peace, out of which he as often extricated
himself, with no little cleverness. Once, in 1588, for an attempted 'slauchter'
of 'umquhile James Giffert, and Johne Edmonston,' the adjoining laird, he
was arrested, tried, and warded in the Tolbooth of Edinburgh; but 'no
pardoun being granted' by the king, 'and about a thousand persouns in the
Tolbuith waiting upon the event, the candles were put furth about ellevin
houres at night, and Nidrie and his complices escaped out at the windowes.'
It is a curious reflection upon the Wauchopes of this time that their name
should be associated with the wild Clan Gregor of Perthshire as disturbers of
the peace. King James VI. was married in 1590 to the Princess Anne of
Denmark. On the 1st May the king and queen landed at Leith, amid a great
concourse of loyal subjects, 'and with volleys of cannon, and orations in
their welcome.' James had been absent from Scotland more than six months,
and it was remarked at the time, and came to be memorable afterwards, that
these months were a time of universal peace and good order in Scotland.
'The only notable exceptions,' according to Spottiswood, 'had been a riot in
Edinburgh by Wauchope of Niddry, and an outbreak of the Clan Gregor in
Balquhidder.'

In connection with this, we find Wauchope charged by the Privy Council

(7th January 1590), 'along with all other keepers of the places and fortalices
of Rossyth and Nudry,' to deliver the same to the officer executing these
letters, within six hours after charge, under penalty of treason; the said
officer to fence the goods and rents belonging to Wauchope, which are
ordered to remain under arrest at the instance of the King's Treasurer, 'aye
and quhill he be tryit foule or clene of sic crymes quharof he is dilaitet.'
Attack on Not to mention other scrapes of a similar kind, Archibald
Holyroodhouse Wauchope was implicated in the attack on the palace of
Holyroodhouse, 27th December 1591, and for this and other
misdemeanours he was forfeited, along with the Earl of Bothwell and others,
and had to leave the country for a time. He afterwards came to an untimely
end by falling from a window in Skinner's Close in Edinburgh, about the
year 1596.

It was apparently about this period that the old house or tower of Niddrie
Marischal—'so commodious that it could garrison a hundred men'—was
destroyed by the enemies of the family.

For some years the estate was in the hands of Sir James Sandilands of
Slamannan, until 1608, when, through the good graces of James VI., it was
restored to Francis, son of Archibald Wauchope, a restitution which was
confirmed by Act of Parliament in 1609. Francis (usually styled Sir Francis
Wauchope) appears to have done a good deal for the estate, but his son, Sir
John Wauchope, may be regarded as the chief restorer of the house of
Niddrie. He was frugal in his living, and he added several adjoining
properties to the estate by purchase, and received the honour of knighthood
from Charles I. on his visit to Scotland in 1633. He was an intimate friend of
the notorious Duke of Lauderdale in their younger days, living with him, and
spoken of as 'his bed-fellow.'

Sir John exercised great judgment in the management of his affairs; so

much so, that in 1661 he acquired by purchase the border estate of Yetholm
or Lochtour, in Roxburghshire, which has remained in the family ever since.
He was present in London at the coronation of Charles II.; in 1663 he was
elected a member of the Scottish Parliament, and one of the Committee for
the Plantation of Kirks; and in 1678 was a member of the Convention of
Estates.

Other lairds appear in succession as the years rolled on. There are
Williams, Andrews, Gilberts, Roberts, following one another as the leaves
succeed in the spring to those that have fallen in the autumn, but it is not our
purpose to follow their story. One fought and fell at Killiecrankie with
Viscount Dundee in 1689; another fought for the Stuarts at the Revolution,
and afterwards rose to high command in the French and Spanish services;
and though the Wauchopes took no active part in the Stuart risings of 1715
and 1745, their sympathies were all for the exiled race.

In Niddrie House there are to be seen full-length portraits of Charles I.

and his queen; four small half-lengths of the Chevalier and his consort, and
their two sons, Prince Charles Edward and the Cardinal York, as boys. These
are understood to have been forwarded direct from the Chevalier himself to
the Niddrie family as an acknowledgment of their loyalty, and the assistance
—pecuniary and otherwise—which the royal line of Stuart had received at
their hands.

A 'Minden' To come to more recent times, we find that Andrew

hero Wauchope of Niddrie—the great-grandfather of the subject
of our sketch, born about the year 1736—was a captain in the
First Regiment of Dragoon Guards, and fought at the battle of Minden in
Westphalia, where in 1759 the French were defeated by an army of Anglo-
Hanoverian troops. He lived to a good old age, for it was he who was
alluded to by Sir Walter Scott in the ballad written on the occasion of the
visit of George IV. to Scotland in 1822:—

Come, stately Niddrie, auld and true,

Girt with the sword that Minden knew;
We have owre few sic lairds as you,
Carle, now the King's come.

This Andrew Wauchope married, in 1786, Alicia, daughter of William Baird,

Newbyth, and sister of the celebrated Sir David Baird, the hero of
Seringapatam, who a few years afterwards—in 1805—commanded the
expedition to the Cape of Good Hope which, after a decisive victory over the
Dutch, received, on 6th January 1806, the surrender of the colony to Great
Britain. There were nine children of this marriage, five boys and four girls.
The eldest, Andrew, was killed in 1813 at the battle of the Pyrenees while in
command of the 20th Regiment of Foot, and so the second son, William,
succeeded to the property, old Andrew Wauchope having resigned it in his
favour in 1817, retaining for himself the liferent.

William Wauchope, who had the year before married Elizabeth, eldest
daughter of Robert Baird of Newbyth, and niece of the then Marchioness of
Breadalbane, was a lieutenant-colonel in the army. Curiously enough,
William's younger brother, Admiral Robert Wauchope, was stationed at Cape
Town at the beginning of the century, where he resided for many years with
his wife. They knew the Dutch well, and were on the most friendly terms
with both Dutch and English settlers in the colony.

William Wauchope died in 1826, leaving a family of two, the eldest of

whom, Andrew Wauchope, born in 1818, being then a minor, succeeded to
the property. His sister, Hersey Susan Sydney, was married in 1842 to
George Elliot, captain, Royal Navy, eldest son of the Hon. Admiral Elliot.
Andrew Wauchope, the father of the subject of our memoir, was for a time in
the army—an officer in the dragoons; but, being of a delicate constitution, he
retired after his marriage to reside at Niddrie, where he was long known and
respected as a kind and indulgent landlord, ever ready to give a helping hand
to his tenants or to religious and philanthropic objects. He did a great deal
towards completing the extensive improvements begun by his father on the
house and grounds of Niddrie.

The newer part of the house, forming the north-east wing, was erected by
William Wauchope about seventy-five years ago. It contains some handsome
apartments, and it is interesting to note that the celebrated Hugh Miller,
when a lad, was employed (in 1823) as a mason at the work, and is said to
have carved a number of the ornamental chimneys which form a distinctive
feature of a most picturesque edifice. What the father began, the son
ultimately completed. The park was extended, new approaches and avenues
were formed, lodges erected, and gardens and vineries laid out—the whole
place being transformed into one of the most beautiful country seats to be
found in the county of Midlothian. These somewhat extensive works,
resumed by the father of the General about the year 1850, were steadily
carried on year by year until his death, 22nd November 1874, for he took
much pride in the work, and made it his life hobby.

Sir William So far this brief genealogy of General Wauchope's family

Wallace has been traced through the male line, but it would be
incomplete and lacking in public interest, did we not also
refer to his descent on the female side from the family of Sir William
Wallace, the champion of Scottish freedom. This interesting connection is
traced to James Wauchope, the grandfather of the 'Minden' hero. In 1710 he
married Jane, daughter of Sir William Wallace, Bart, of Craigie, near Ayr,
whose eldest son, Andrew, succeeded his cousin in 1726, and in his line the
property has remained to the present time.

Niddrie Marishchal, Front View

Over the fireplace of the dining-room of Niddrie House there is a painting

on canvas inserted in panelling said to be a portrait of 'Wallace Wight.' It has
been in possession of the family for nearly two hundred years, being
mentioned in various inventories of the property from the year 1707. An
interesting notice of it appeared in James Paterson's Wallace and his Times,
and the family tradition is that it is a genuine portrait of the hero, the words
inscribed above the likeness, 'Gvl: Wallas: Scotvs: Host: ivm: Terror,'
certainly giving colour to the supposition. We are more inclined to think,
however, that the portrait represents one of the more immediate ancestors of
the Jane Wallace who brought the connection into the family—probably Sir
William Wallace of Craigie, who distinguished himself as a loyalist in the
civil wars. It certainly came into the family through the marriage of James
Wauchope in 1710 with Jane, daughter of Sir William Wallace of Craigie,
and if it does not represent the champion of Scottish independence, it is from
the same source as a similar portrait preserved at Priory Lodge, Cheltenham,
in the hands of a descendant of the Craigie-Wallace family.

It was when he was serving with his regiment at Monaghan, in Ireland,

that the father of General Wauchope first met his future wife, Frances Maria,
daughter of Henry Lloyd of Lloydsburgh, County Tipperary. They were
married on 26th March 1840, and two sons and two daughters were the issue
of the marriage. These were—

1. William John Wauchope, born in September 1841.

2. Harriet Elizabeth Frances, afterwards married to Lord Ventry of

County Kerry, Ireland, by whom she has issue, five sons and four
daughters, of whom her daughter, the Hon Hersey Alice Eveleigh-
De-Moleyne, is the present Countess of Hopetoun.

3. Andrew Gilbert, the subject of our story, born at Niddrie on 5th July
1846.

4. Hersey Josephine Frances Mary, now residing in London.

A typical Scotsman, loyal to the backbone to the land of his birth, Andrew
Gilbert Wauchope had always a warm corner in his heart for Ireland, and
was ever ready to acknowledge, and indeed to boast of, his Irish extraction.
Combining as he did much of the canniness of the Scot with that steady-
going determination of purpose and fearlessness in danger peculiar to his
countrymen, he displayed the Irish side of his character in that generous
light-heartedness and impulsive good nature which often led him into self-
denying deeds of kindness, and now and again into trouble. General
Wauchope was, as we have seen, the heir to no mean family traditions. The
record of the Wauchopes is one of patriotic energy through five or six
hundred years of stirring Scottish history, many of them years of turmoil and
strife; and the warlike spirit of the fathers, as well as their more peaceful
characteristics, may be found not infrequently imaged in this last scion of the
race.

CHAPTER II
CHILDHOOD—EARLY TENDENCIES—THE 'HOUSEHOLD TROOP'—EDUCATION
—NAVAL TRAINING—THE 'BRITANNIA'—THE 'ST. GEORGE'—PRINCE
ALFRED.

General Wauchope's boyhood was spent mostly at Niddrie, with

occasional short visits in summer to the other property of the family at
Yetholm, among the pastoral Cheviot hills.

A high-spirited, frolicsome boy, delighting in the open air and every kind
of outdoor sport, 'Andy,' as he was familiarly called, found scope for his
energies in the beautifully wooded park surrounding the house. Bird-nesting,
rabbit-catching, and fishing in the burn which meanders through the estate,
found him an ardent enthusiast, but often brought him into trouble with his
father and mother. His bird-nesting feats, prosecuted with all the zest of a
professional poacher, often resulted in the dislocation of his clothes, and
shoes and stockings too often betrayed the fact that friendly visits to the burn
were more frequent and prolonged than ought to be. Many a time Andy was
thus in a sore plight. Drenched and torn, he would go to the kindly
gardener's wife, to get the rents in his jacket sewed, his stockings changed,
and his shoes dried, before venturing into the family presence. In his
adventures over the property, the burn was never a barrier to his progress. It
was the same with hedges, ditches, or stone walls. If he wanted to reach a
certain point, he made a straight road to it over every obstacle.

Youthful But the limits of the park did not always satisfy his roving
tendencies desires. He soon made himself acquainted with the
surroundings of his home. Craigmillar Castle was a favourite resort on the
one side; the beach at Portobello gave him a taste for the sea and aquatic
exercise; while the neighbouring little village of Niddrie was not long in
making his acquaintance. Here he was known to every one, for Andy made
himself at home in every cottage; and if the boys stood in some awe of him,
and mothers blamed him for sending their sons home with their clothes torn,
or their noses bleeding, still, for all that, he was always welcomed among
them, sometimes with a 'jeelie' (jelly) piece or a new-baked scone!

Many a frolic he and the boys of the village were engaged in, if all tales
were told, and sometimes Andy got credit for more than he deserved. Boys
will be boys, but his boyhood early showed the spirit of the man, for to have
a number of country boys together, and put them through military drill, was
the height of his delight. He was a born leader, and he doubtless imbibed his
love of soldiering from the frequent opportunities he had of seeing military
manoeuvres in the Queen's Park, or more likely on Portobello sands, where
at that time there was a great deal of drilling, both of the regulars and of the
yeomanry cavalry. That the military instinct revealed itself early may be
gathered from the following:—One day the village dominie, worthy old Mr.
Savage, looking out of the school door across the road, saw the youthful
form of Andy—then about seven or eight years old—on the top of the high
boundary wall of his father's park, which at that place is nearly nine feet
high. 'What are you doing up there?' shouted the dominie; 'get down at once,
you young rascal, or you'll get killed!' But Andy only waved his hand as he
shouted back, 'It's all right, Mr. Savage: I'm only viewing the enemy,' and off
he scampered along the top of the wall!

Andy's 'household troop' was not a large one, but it sufficed. With Tom
and Jim, the gardener's sons, and their sisters, Jess and Bella, assisted by a
few male and female recruits from among the children of the other workers,
with his sister Fanny and his cousins Elizabeth and Nina Elliot, now Lady
Northesk and Mrs. J. Dacre Butler respectively—one of whom carried the
banner, and another the drum—the youthful general managed to make a fair
show. He drilled them well, and was naturally very proud of them. One day
there happened to be company at the house. Andy, anxious to display his
forces, marched them up to the front door, and there, seated on his little
black pony 'Donald,' he put them through their facings, to the great
entertainment of the visitors. He was not content with this, however. He
must needs take the place by storm, and so, putting himself at the head of his
troop, he gave the word of command, 'Forward, march!' and actually
marched them into the hall, and through the dining-room to the terrace at the
back of the house, bravely leading them on his pony!

The ice-house stood in the park not very far from the house. It was a
vaulted chamber covered with turf, forming externally a mound which made
a capital fort. Many a time was it the scene of mimic warfare, its defence or
assault giving splendid scope for the youthful general's military genius,—
brilliant attacks being as brilliantly defeated without any great loss of life!

Sometimes 'Andy's' attacks took a wider range, and nocturnal escapades

of a frolicking nature are said to have been not infrequent. It is told of him
that having gathered a few of the village boys together, they made a raid one
night upon the workshop of the village joiner, and took away a number of
odd cart-wheels lying about in the yard. These they fastened to the doors of
some of the cottages, where they were found next morning, much to the
surprise of the inmates, who had some difficulty in getting egress from their
houses! Nobody, of course, could tell who was to blame; but, as our
informant remarked, 'They a' kent wha did it: it was just some o' Maister
Andra's mischief.'

One old woman in the village, whose temper was not very good, and who
laboured under the conviction that her hen-house was from time to time
robbed of its roosters, had made herself somewhat obnoxious, and it was
determined to give her a real fright. So one evening, after all decent folks
were supposed to be in bed, Andy and his company slipped quietly round to
the hen-house, and presently there was a great commotion and cackling
among the feathered occupants. The old lady in her bed heard it all, but was
too frightened to come to the rescue. She was certain, however, that some of
her favourite hens had been taken, and next day she went up to the laird at
the big house to complain, and to ask compensation. Andy was with his
father when the old woman was laying off her story, but betrayed no signs of
his complicity in the transaction, wisely preferring to keep his own counsel
in the matter. Of course the boys had taken none of her property. They only
wanted to play a trick upon her.
Andy was, however, not a boy who would perpetrate any wilful mischief,
or do anything that would cause pain. He hated cruelty, and once when he
was accused of having killed the cat of an old servant of the family, who
lived as a pensioner in the village, he heard the accusation with the greatest
indignation. Going at once to Mary's house he strongly asserted his
innocence, telling her with all earnestness, 'I'd rather shoot myself, as shoot
your cat, Mary.'

Very early in life he evinced a strong desire to share in the sport of the
hunting-field. His father would not, however, hear of it, and refused to allow
him to get a proper rig-out. But Master Andrew was not to be balked in his
ambition, for one morning, getting into a pair of his father's top-boots, many
sizes too large for him, and securing the biggest horse in the stables, he
boldly set off for the hunt. The appearance of such a mite with boots that
would scarcely keep on his feet, on the back of a big hunter, created great
laughter among the county gentry at the meet.

Early education During these early years of Wauchope's life, so free from
restraint, his education was being carried on at home under a
tutor. At the age of eleven he was sent to a school at Worksop, in
Nottinghamshire, but he did not remain there very long. He had a hankering
for active life, and specially for the sea. It was accordingly resolved to
prepare him for entering the navy as a midshipman, and he was sent to
Foster's School, Stubbington House, Gosport. His experience here was also a
short one, and was marked by an incident characteristic of his spirit of
adventure and faithfulness to obligations; though in this case we must say
the latter virtue was rather misapplied, and it might well be said 'his faith
unfaithful kept him falsely true.' The boys at Foster's, evidently wanting to
vary the monotony of school life—perhaps none of the brightest—thought it
would be a good lark if one would run away from the school, and they
resolved to draw lots who it should be. The lot fell upon young Andy
Wauchope, and, like the loyal lad he was, he resolutely stuck to the
agreement and ran off from the school, but of course he was promptly
brought back by his people, and no doubt received the just reward of his
frolic!

He used to say long afterwards that he had only been at two schools when
he was a boy. 'At one of them he was said to be the best boy in the school,
but at the other he was the very worst!'

With what would now be considered a very inadequate training, young

Wauchope was on the 10th September 1859 entered as a naval cadet on
board Her Majesty's ship Britannia, there to pick up in the rough school of a
sailor's life that knowledge of the world, and particularly of his naval duties,
which books and schooling had denied him. At the same time, though
deprived of the advantages of Eton or Harrow, or any of the Scottish
Universities, he had a much better gift than education—an immense natural
shrewdness, and a persevering application, which afterwards made him a
good French and German scholar. Among his shipmates on the Britannia he
was a general favourite. He was only thirteen years of age, but appears to
have been a plucky little fellow, full of life and fun, and quite capable of
standing up for himself, or for a friend if need be; and in the thirteen months
of his service in the ship he made several lifelong friendships. Admiral Lord
Charles Beresford, writing to us of that period, mentions that he and
Wauchope joined the navy about the same time. 'I remember,' he says, 'our
chests were close together in the Britannia. We separated when we went to
sea, but we never lost the friendship we formed in the Britannia. We met
often in different parts of the world, and I always found him the same
sterling, honest, strong, and chivalrous friend, whose splendid characteristics
had so impressed me as a boy. I have always regarded his friendship for me
with sentiments of pride. He was very proud of being a Scotsman, and being
an Irishman myself, we had many arguments—as boys will have—as to
which nation possessed the most interesting personalities. We agreed
cordially on every other point, but never once on this. The nation has lost
one of its best in poor Andy Wauchope.' There are doubtless others of his
Britannia shipmates surviving who could give similar testimony.

Enters the On the 5th October 1860, Wauchope received his

Navy discharge from the Britannia, and was entered as a
midshipman on board H.M.S. St. George, and he mentions
himself with what pride and satisfaction he found himself on that autumn
day walking down the main street of Portsmouth in his new uniform to join
the St. George. 'It was one of the happiest days of my life,' he says; 'a day in
which I felt myself identified as an officer in Her Majesty's service, more
particularly as on the way down to the harbour I was met and saluted by one
of the marines.'
The St. George was manned by eight hundred men, and in 1860 was
considered a well-equipped vessel, and as compared with the days of Nelson
and Collingwood showed a great advance in naval strength and efficiency.
At Trafalgar the biggest gun in the whole British fleet was only a fifty-six
pounder, but the St. George had in addition to a number of that calibre
several sixty-eight pounders, while her speed of ten knots an hour was
considered highly satisfactory. Though these equipments would not bear
comparison with present-day standards, the young midshipman was proud of
his ship and proud of the service, and in after years could with no little
exultation honestly say that, 'though armaments had changed, the hearts of
oak remained as of yore; while the old red rag, which had withstood the
battle and the breeze for a thousand years, was still able to claim the
allegiance of its people.'

H.R.H. Prince Wauchope's commanding officer on board the St. George

Alfred was Captain the Hon. Francis Egerton—whose son,
Commander Egerton, was killed at Ladysmith in November
1899—and among his brother officers were H.R.H. Prince Alfred,
afterwards the Duke of Edinburgh, and latterly known as the Duke of Saxe-
Coburg Gotha, and Admiral Sir Robert Harris, now Commander-in-Chief of
the Cape of Good Hope station.

The St. George was commissioned at Portsmouth, and was transferred to

Devonport early in 1861. She was then one of the noblest and most
imposing-looking ships of the service, having the year before been
thoroughly overhauled and converted from a one hundred and twenty gun
ship to one of ninety guns. As a three-decker sailing ship she was considered
one of the finest fighting vessels afloat, and her conversion to a steamship of
the line had been attended with the most successful results. She was selected
by Prince Albert for his son, the youthful Prince Alfred, who joined her as a
midshipman a few months after Wauchope—on the 16th January 1861—as
she lay in Plymouth Sound, under orders for a cruise to the British North
American Stations and the West India Islands.

The greater part of the year seems to have been spent in and about
Halifax, the capital of Nova Scotia, which became a centre for cruises in the
Gulf of St. Lawrence and the Canadian ports. We have it on the authority of
several of those who were midshipmen with the Prince, that they were a
jovial, happy company, all on the most friendly terms with one another. The
Prince, who was very fond of 'Andy,' as he was always called, showed him
particular friendship, and the affection which as boys and shipmates they
formed then continued more or less in later years.

The Prince came back to England in the month of August to spend a short
holiday with his parents at Balmoral, but rejoined his ship, which was lying
at Halifax, in October. His return was welcomed by his mates and by the
citizens of that town; and the Governor, the Earl of Mulgrave, entertained
His Royal Highness and the officers of the St. George at a state dinner on the
eve of their departure for a cruise to Bermuda. Among the sunny islands of
the South the ship and her crew were everywhere received with the utmost
enthusiasm, the black and white population alike vying with each other in
their demonstrations of loyalty; but the sudden death of the Prince Consort at
the end of December compelled the return home for a time of Prince Alfred,
who left his ship at Halifax on receipt of the sad news, with every expression
of sympathy from his brother officers. In the spring of 1862 Wauchope's ship
paid another visit to the West India Islands, taking up her station for some
weeks with other six ships of the line at Bermuda, where the young 'middies'
were entertained to a continued round of amusements and excursions.

A seafaring life, if often one of risks and toil, has its seasons of enforced
idleness. Midshipmen's amusements and practical jokes are proverbial, and
the quarter-deck of the St. George was not always free of them. Many pranks
were played upon one another in idle hours by these sprightly young
officers, leading sometimes to reprimands by their superiors; and young
Andy Wauchope did not always escape the suspicion that he was an active
leader in such ploys. It has even been hinted that he had on one occasion the
pluck—or, shall we say, audacity?—to have a stand-up fight with the
Queen's son. We do not vouch for the story; but of this we are certain, that, if
he had a just cause of quarrel, he was not the boy to let even the prestige of
royalty stand between him and the punishment due to the aggressor, whoever
he might be.

Some years afterwards, in the winter of 1863-64, when Prince Alfred

resided at Holyrood Palace, and was a student of Edinburgh University, he
paid a friendly visit to his old shipmate at Niddrie, spending the day in
pigeon-shooting. He and a number of his friends arrived in the forenoon on