0% found this document useful (0 votes)
9 views5 pages

Ex 5

Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
9 views5 pages

Ex 5

Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

Experimental Report 5

INVESTIGATION OF TRANSMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE


(MICROWAVE)
Verification of the instructors
Class: ME-E1 02
Group: 4
Name: Hoàng Phi Long
Student ID: 20185272

I. Experiment Motivation

● Evaluate both qualitative and quantitative results of transmitting and receiving microwave.

II. Experimental Results

1. Investigation of straight-line propagation of microwaves


Observation:
● When the receiver is aligned with the rail (the transmitter and receiver are facing each
other), the volt-meter shows the maximum value.
● When the receiver moves far from the rail (in a plane perpendicular to the rail), the value of
volt-meter decreases.

Conclusion:

● Microwaves propagate best in a straight line.

2. Investigation of penetration of microwaves

Observation:

● When a dry absorption plate (electrical insulator) is put between transmitter and receiver,

the volt-meter slightly decrease

Conclusion:
● Microwaves can penetrate through the dry absorption plate.
● Not all of the microwave will penetrate through the dry absorption plate, a part of them will
be absorbed by the absorption plate.

3. Investigation of screening and absorption of microwaves

Observation:

● When a reflection plate (electrical conductor) is put between transmitter and receiver, the

volt-meter shows a value that is very small compared to the value when the absorb plate is
absent. In this case, the volt-meter shows a value approximately 0 (0.01).
Conclusion:

● Most microwaves will not go through the reflection plate.

4. Investigation of reflection of microwaves

Observation:

Reflector angle (o) Incidence angle (o)


30 55
40 75
50 98
60 119

● When the arrow is the bisector of 2 rails (the reflector angle is equal to the incidence angle),

the volt-meter shows maximum value.

Conclusion:

● Microwave reflects best when the perpendicular bisector of the reflection plate is the

bisector of an angle created by the transmitter and receiver.

● When the microwave reflects, the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection.

5. Investigation of refraction of microwaves

Observation:

● When the angle created by 2 rails is 85o , the volt-meter shows the maximum value.
● As turning the receiver to a different angle, the value of the volt-meter decreases.

Conclusion:

● Microwave refracts best with angle of 85o

6. Investigation of diffraction of microwaves

Observation:
When the single slit plane is put in the rail, the value on the voltmeter increase
When the plate í between the probe and the transmitter, the value on the voltmeter í
approximate 0. When the probe í moved on the horizontal plane, the value slightly increase
Conclusion:
Microwaves have diffraction properties.

7. Investigation of interference of microwaves

Observation:

● When the probe is moved parallel to the plate, the value on the voltmeter is oscillating.

Number of maxima = 3
Conclusion: Microwaves have the property of interference.

8. Investigation of polarization of microwaves

Observation:
When the grating is aligned horizontally, the value on the voltmeter is slightly decreasing
When the grating is aligned vertically, the value on the voltmeter is approx. zero
When the grating is aligned at 45 o, the value on the voltmeter is higher than vertical case, but
lower than horizontal case
Conclusion:

● When we put a polarization grating between transmitter and receiver, the microwave

(electromagnetic) will be polarized as shown in fig 1.


Because the vertical wave is an electric wave, and the receiver’s signal we receive is
Voltage. Therefore:

● With vertical polarization grating, only the vertical wave can go through. The receiver’s

signal is big.

● With horizontal polarization grating, only the horizontal wave can go through. The

receiver’s signal is very small (approximate to 0).

● With 45o inclined polarization grating, a part of the vertical wave and horizontal wave can

go through. The receiver’s signal is smaller than when we use vertical polarization grating
and bigger than when we use horizontal polarization grating.

9. Determining wavelength of standing waves

f x1 (mm) x2 (mm) x = x1 - x2

1 123 104 19

2 124 107 17

3 130 112 18

3
1
x= ∑ x i=18 (mm)
3 i=1
∆ x= √ ❑
λ=2 × x=2 ×18=36(mm)

∆ λ=∆ x=1(mm)

Hence

λ=λ ± ∆ λ=36 ± 1(mm)


Frequency of the microwave:

8
c 3 × 10 9
f= = −3
=8.83× 10 ( Hz )
λ 36 ×10
∆ f =f √❑
9
f =f ± ∆ f =(8.83 ± 0.25)× 10 ( Hz )

You might also like