Ex 5
Ex 5
I. Experiment Motivation
● Evaluate both qualitative and quantitative results of transmitting and receiving microwave.
Conclusion:
Observation:
● When a dry absorption plate (electrical insulator) is put between transmitter and receiver,
Conclusion:
● Microwaves can penetrate through the dry absorption plate.
● Not all of the microwave will penetrate through the dry absorption plate, a part of them will
be absorbed by the absorption plate.
Observation:
● When a reflection plate (electrical conductor) is put between transmitter and receiver, the
volt-meter shows a value that is very small compared to the value when the absorb plate is
absent. In this case, the volt-meter shows a value approximately 0 (0.01).
Conclusion:
Observation:
● When the arrow is the bisector of 2 rails (the reflector angle is equal to the incidence angle),
Conclusion:
● Microwave reflects best when the perpendicular bisector of the reflection plate is the
● When the microwave reflects, the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection.
Observation:
● When the angle created by 2 rails is 85o , the volt-meter shows the maximum value.
● As turning the receiver to a different angle, the value of the volt-meter decreases.
Conclusion:
Observation:
When the single slit plane is put in the rail, the value on the voltmeter increase
When the plate í between the probe and the transmitter, the value on the voltmeter í
approximate 0. When the probe í moved on the horizontal plane, the value slightly increase
Conclusion:
Microwaves have diffraction properties.
Observation:
● When the probe is moved parallel to the plate, the value on the voltmeter is oscillating.
Number of maxima = 3
Conclusion: Microwaves have the property of interference.
Observation:
When the grating is aligned horizontally, the value on the voltmeter is slightly decreasing
When the grating is aligned vertically, the value on the voltmeter is approx. zero
When the grating is aligned at 45 o, the value on the voltmeter is higher than vertical case, but
lower than horizontal case
Conclusion:
● When we put a polarization grating between transmitter and receiver, the microwave
● With vertical polarization grating, only the vertical wave can go through. The receiver’s
signal is big.
● With horizontal polarization grating, only the horizontal wave can go through. The
● With 45o inclined polarization grating, a part of the vertical wave and horizontal wave can
go through. The receiver’s signal is smaller than when we use vertical polarization grating
and bigger than when we use horizontal polarization grating.
f x1 (mm) x2 (mm) x = x1 - x2
1 123 104 19
2 124 107 17
3 130 112 18
3
1
x= ∑ x i=18 (mm)
3 i=1
∆ x= √ ❑
λ=2 × x=2 ×18=36(mm)
∆ λ=∆ x=1(mm)
Hence
8
c 3 × 10 9
f= = −3
=8.83× 10 ( Hz )
λ 36 ×10
∆ f =f √❑
9
f =f ± ∆ f =(8.83 ± 0.25)× 10 ( Hz )