1. A three phase, 50 Hz, 6 pole induction motor runs at 960 rpm.

The stator copper loss,

core loss, and the rotational loss of the motor can be neglected. The percentage
efficiency of the motor is
A)92 B) 94 C) 96 D)98

Ans: C)96

Next, we calculate the slip of the motor, which is defined as:

𝑠=𝑁𝑠−𝑁𝑟𝑁𝑠

where:

• 𝑠 is the slip
• 𝑁𝑟 is the rotor speed

Given:

• rpm𝑁𝑟=960rpm

Therefore, the slip 𝑠 is:

𝑠=1000−9601000=0.04

Now, to find the efficiency, we can use the following relationship:

𝜂=(1−𝑠)×100%

Substituting the value of 𝑠, we get:

𝜂=(1−0.04)×100%=96%

Therefore, the percentage efficiency of the motor is 96.

So, the correct option is:

Option C: 96

2. The frequencies of the stator and rotor currents flowing in the three-phase 8-pole
induction motor are 40 Hz and 1 Hz, respectively. The motor speed, in rpm, is
________. (round off to nearest integer).
Ans. A) 585 B) 685 C) 700 D) 850
Answer
Correct answer is 585
Explanation
Stator frequency = 40 Hz, Rotor frequency = 1 Hz

Poles = 8, N = ?

sf = 1

⇒ 𝑠=140=0.025

𝑁𝑠=120×408=600

N = Ns (1 − s)

∴ N = 600 (1 − 0.025)

= 585 rpm

3. A 4-pole induction motor with inertia of 0.1 kg-m2 drives a constant load torque of 2 Nm.
The speed of the motor is increased linearly from 1000 rpm to 1500 rpm in 4 seconds as
shown in the figure below. Neglect losses in the motor. The energy, in joules, consumed by
the motor during the speed change is _________. (round off to nearest integer).

A) 1733 B) 1650 C) 1500 D) 1520

Answer
Correct answer is 1733
Explanation
Equation of speed vs. time from 4 sec. to 8 sec.

N = 125t + 500 ⇒ 4 sec ≤ t ≤ 8 sec

Now, 𝐽𝑑𝜔𝑑𝑡=𝑇𝑒−𝑇𝐿

or, 𝑇𝑒=𝐽𝑑𝜔𝑑𝑡+𝑇𝐿

or, 𝜔𝑇𝑒=𝐽𝜔𝑑𝜔𝑑𝑡+𝜔𝑇𝐿

or, 𝑃𝑒=𝐽𝜔𝑑𝜔𝑑𝑡+𝜔𝑇𝐿

or, 𝑑𝐸𝑑𝑡=𝐽𝜔𝑑𝜔𝑑𝑡+𝜔𝑇𝐿

or, 𝑑𝐸=𝐽𝜔𝑑𝜔+𝑇𝐿𝜔𝑑𝑡

or, 𝐸=𝐽∫𝜔𝑑𝜔+𝑇𝐿∫𝜔𝑑𝑡

or, 𝐸=𝐽(2𝜋60)2∫10001500𝑁𝑑𝑁+𝑇𝐿2𝜋60∫48𝑁𝑑𝑡

=(2𝜋60)2(𝑁22)10001500+2.2𝜋60∫48(125𝑡+500)𝑑𝑡

=0.1×(2𝜋60)2(15002−100022)+2.2𝜋60[125𝑡22+500𝑡]48

=685.389+1047.197

=1732.5865 J

4. A 3-phase star connected slip ring induction motor has the following parameters referred to
the stator:

𝑅𝑠=3Ω,=2Ω,𝑋𝑟′=2Ω,𝑅𝑟′=2.5Ω

The per phase stator to rotor effective turns ratio is 3:1. The rotor winding is also star
connected. The magnetizing reactance and core loss of the motor can be neglected. To have
maximum torque at starting, the value of the extra resistance in ohms (referred to the rotor
side) to be connected in series with each phase of the rotor winding is _______ (rounded off
to 2 decimal places).

A) 0.25 B) 0.24 C) 0.28 D) 0.26 to 0.29

Answer
Correct answer is 0.26 to 0.29
5. The equivalent circuit of a single phase induction motor is shown in the figure, where the
parameters are

R1 = R 2' = Xl1 = Xl2' = 12 Ω, Xm = 240 Ω

and s is the slip. At no-load, the motor speed can be approximated to be the synchronous
speed. The no-load lagging power factor of the motor is___________ (up to 3 decimal

places).

A) 0.101 B) 0.105 C) 0.106 D) 0.104 to 0.112

Answer
Correct answer is 0.104 to 0.112

6. A 375W, 230 V, 50 Hz capacitor start single-phase induction motor has the following
constants for the main and auxiliary windings (at starting): 𝑍𝑚=(12.50+𝑗15.75)Ω (main
winding), 𝑍𝑎=(24.50+𝑗12.75)Ω(auxiliary winding). Neglecting the magnetizing branch the
value of the capacitance (in µF ) to be added in series with the auxiliary winding to obtain
maximum torque at starting is _______.

51.56° + 2 * arctan((12.75 - Xc) / 24.5) = 90°= 149.5

A) 148 B) 149 C) 149.5 D) 150

Answer
Correct answer is 149.5

7. A star-connected, 12.5 kW, 208 V (line), 3-phase, 60 Hz squirrel cage induction motor has
following equivalent circuit parameters per phase referred to the stator. R 1 = 0.3 Ω, R2 = 0.3
Ω, X1 = 0.41 Ω, X2 = 0.41 Ω. Neglect shunt branch in the equivalent circuit. The starting
current (in Ampere) for this motor when connected to an 80 V (line), 20 Hz, 3- phase AC
source is __________.

A) 65 B) 66 C) 67 D) 70.19

Answer
Correct answer is 70.19

8. A star-connected 3-phase, 400 V, 50 kVA, 50 Hz synchronous motor has a synchronous

reactance of 1 ohm per phase with negligible armature resistance. The shaft load on the motor
is 10 kW while the power factor is 0.8 leading. The loss in the motor is 2 kW. The magnitude
of the per phase excitation emf of the motor, in volts, is ________. (round off to nearest
integer).

A) 240 B) 241 C) 242 D) 245

Answer
Correct answer is 245
Explanation
Y-connected, 3 phase, 400V, 50 kVA, Synch motor, X s = 1 Ω/ph, Shaft load P sh = 10 kW,
p.f. = 0.8 loading losses = 2 kW, Ra : Negligible

Find excitation EMF (Eb) :

𝐸𝑏=(𝑉cos⁡𝜙−𝐼𝑎𝑅𝑎)2+(𝑉sin⁡𝜙±𝐼𝑎𝑋𝑠)2 (+ for Lead and − for lagg)

To find Ia : Current drawn, we need to find Input.

Input = Output + Losses + Psh + Losses = 10 + 2 = 12 kW

3𝑉𝐿𝐼𝐿cos⁡𝜙 = 12 kW

𝐼𝐿=120003×400×0.8=21.65𝐴=𝐼𝑎

𝐸𝑏=(4003×0.8)2+[4003×0.6+21.65(1)]2

𝐸𝑏=(𝑉cos⁡𝜙−𝐼𝑎𝑅𝑎)2+(𝑉sin⁡𝜙−𝐼𝑎𝑋𝑠)2
=34135.336+(138.568+21.65)2

Eb = 244.55 V per phase

9. In a salient pole synchronous motor, the developed reluctance torque attains the maximum
value when the load angle in electrical degrees is

A)0
B)45
C)60
D) 90

Ans: 45

10. A three-phase, 50Hz, star-connected cylindrical-rotor synchronous machine is running as

a motor. The machine is operated from a 6.6 kV grid and draws current at unity power factor
(UPF). The synchronous reactance of the motor is 30 Ω per phase. The load angle is 30∘. The
power delivered to the motor in kW is _______.

A) 832 B) 837 C) 838.31 D) 840

Answer
Correct answer is 838.31

11. If a synchronous motor is running at a leading power factor, its excitation induced voltage
(Er) is

A) equal to terminal voltage Vt

B) higher than the terminal voltage Vt
C) less than terminal voltage Vt
D) dependent upon supply voltage Vt
Answer: B) higher than the terminal voltage V t

12. A 3-phase, 11 kV, 10 MVA synchronous generator is connected to an inductive load of

power factor (3/2) via a lossless line with a per-phase inductive reactance of 5 Ω. The per-
phase synchronous reactance of the generator is 30 Ω with negligible armature resistance. If
the generator is producing the rated current at the rated voltage, then the power factor at the
terminal of the generator is

A) 0.63 lagging.
B) 0.87 lagging.
C) 0.63 leading.
D) 0.87 leading.
Ans: 0.63 lagging.

13. Which of the following options is/are correct for the Automatic Generation Control
(AGC) and Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) installed with synchronous generators?
A) AGC response has a local effect on frequency while AVR response has a global effect on
voltage.
B) AGC response has a global effect on frequency while AVR response has a local effect on
voltage.
C) AGC regulates the field current of the synchronous generator while AVR regulates the
generator’s mechanical power input.
D) AGC regulates the generator’s mechanical power input while AVR regulates the field
current of the synchronous generator.

Explanation
The correct options are:

Option B:

AGC response has a global effect on frequency while AVR response has a local effect on
voltage and Option D:

AGC regulates the generator’s mechanical power input while AVR regulates the field current
of the synchronous generator.

Explanation:

The Automatic Generation Control (AGC) and Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) are two
essential control mechanisms used in power systems to ensure the stable operation of
synchronous generators.

14. Two parallel connected, three-phase, 50𝐻𝑧, 11𝑘𝑉, star-connected synchronous

machines 𝐴 and 𝐵, are operating as synchronous condensers. They together
supply 50 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑅 to a 11 𝑘𝑉 grid. Current supplied by both the machines are equal.
Synchronous reactances of machine 𝐴 and machine 𝐵 are 1Ω and 3Ω, respectively. Assuming
the magnetic circuit to be linear, the ratio of excitation current of machine 𝐴 to that of
machine 𝐵 is ____________. (Give the answer up to two decimal places).

A) 0.69 B) 0.65 C) 0.64 D) 0.70 to 0.79

Answer
Correct answer is 0.70 to 0.79

15. A 3-phase, 2-pole, 50 𝐻𝑧, synchronous generator has a rating

of 250 𝑀𝑉𝐴, 0.8 𝑝𝑓 lagging. The kinetic energy of the machine at synchronous speed
is 100 𝑀𝐽. The machine is running steadily at synchronous speed and
delivering 60 𝑀𝑊 power at a power angle of 10 electrical degrees. If the load is suddenly
removed, assuming the acceleration is constant for 10 cycles, the value of the power angle
after 5 cycles is ________ electrical degrees.

A) 12 B) 12.5 to 12.9 C) 13 D) 15

Answer
Correct answer is B) 12.5 to 12.9

16. Which one of the following options represents possible voltage polarities in a single
phase two winding transformer? Here, 𝑉𝑝 is the applied primary voltage, 𝐸𝑝 is the induced
primary voltage, 𝑉𝑠 is the open circuit secondary voltage, and 𝐸𝑠 is the induced secondary
voltage.
A

B
C

D
Answer : A

17. The type of single-phase induction motor, expected to have the maximum power factor
during steady state running condition, is
A) split phase (resistance start).
B ) shaded pole.
C) capacitor start.
D) capacitor start, capacitor run.
Answer : D

18. A single-phase 100 kVA, 1000 V / 100 V, 50 Hz transformer has a voltage drop of 5%
across its series impedance at full load. Of this, 3% is due to resistance. The percentage
regulation of the transformer at full load with 0.8 lagging power factor is

A) 4.8
B)6.8
C) 8.8
D) 10.8
Ans:A) 4.8

19. The following figure shows the connection of an ideal transformer with primary to
secondary turns ratio of 1 : 100. The applied primary voltage is 100 V (rms), 50 Hz, AC. The
rms value of the current I, in ampere, is __________.

Your input ____

A) 9.6 B) 9.7 C) 9.8 D) 9.5 to 10.5

Answer
Correct answer is 9.5 to 10.5

20. A transformer with toroidal core of permeability 𝜇 is shown in the figure. Assuming
uniform flux density across the circular core cross-section of radius r ≪ R, and neglecting
any leakage flux, the best estimate for the mean radius R is

A) 0 B) 1 C) A D) VcosO
Ans: 1

21. A 3-phase 900 kVA, 3 kV / 3 kV (Δ/Y), 50 Hz transformer has primary (high voltage
side) resistance per phase of 0.3 Ω and secondary (low voltage side) resistance per phase of
0.02 Ω. Iron loss of the transformer is 10 kW. The full load % efficiency of the transformer
operated at unity power factor is _______ (up to 2 decimal places).
A) 97 B) 98 C) 97.20 to 97.55 D) 98
Answer
Correct answer is C) 97.20 to 97.55
22. A three-phase, three winding △ / △ / Y (1.1 kV/6.6 kV/400 V) transformer is energized
from AC mains at the 1.1 kV side. It supplies 900 kVA load at 0.8 power factor lag from the
6.6 kV winding and 300 kVA load at 0.6 power factor lag from the 400 V winding. The RMS
line current in ampere drawn by the 1.1 kV winding from the mains is _______.

A) 620 B) 622 C) 623 D) 625

Answer
Correct answer is 625

23. If the primary line voltage rating is 3.3 kV (Y side) of a 25 kVA. 𝑌−△ transformer (the
per phase turns ratio is 5:1), then the line current rating of the secondary side (in Ampere)
is_______.

A) 37 B) 37.22 C) 37.88 D) 37.88

Answer
Correct answer is 37.88

24. In a single phase 3 winding transformer the turns ratio for primary: secondary: tertiary
windings is 20:4:1. With the lagging currents of 50𝐴 at a power factor of 0.6 in the tertiary
winding find the primary current and power factor.

A) 12.8 B) 12.7 C) 12.9 D) 12.99

Answer
Correct answer is Primary current =12.9𝐴

25. A single phase 6300 𝑘𝑉𝐴, 50 𝐻𝑧, 3300𝑉/400𝑉 distribution transformer is connected
between two 50 𝐻𝑧 supply systems, 𝐴 and 𝐵 as shown in Fig. The transformer
has 12 and 99 turns in the low and high voltage windings respectively. The magnetizing
reactance of the transformer referred to the high voltage side is 500Ω. The leakage reactance
of the high and low voltage windings are 1.0Ω and 0.012Ω respectively. Neglect the winding
resistance and core losses of the transformer. The Thevenin voltage of
system 𝐴 is 3300𝑉 while that of system 𝐵 is 400𝑉. the short circuit reactance of
systems 𝐴 and 𝐵 are 0.5Ω and 0.010Ω respectively. If no power is transferred
between 𝐴 and 𝐵, so that the two system voltages are in phase, find the magnetizing ampere
turns of the transformer.

A) 652.806 B) 652 C) 650 D) 652.806AT

Answer
Correct answer is Magnetizing ampere turns =652.806 AT

26. A 415 𝑉, 2 pole, 3 phase, 50 𝐻𝑧, star connected, non-salient pole synchronous motor has
synchronous reactance of 2Ω per phase and negligible stator resistance. At a particular field
excitation, it draws 20 A at unity power factor from a 415 𝑉, 3 phase, 50 𝐻𝑧 supply. The
mechanical load on the motor is now increased till the stator current is equal to 50 𝐴. The
field excitation remains unchanged. Determine:
(𝑎) the per phase open circuit voltage 𝐸0
(𝑏) the developed power for the new operating condition and corresponding power factor.

Answer
Correct answer is (𝑎) 420.7
(𝑏) 35.38

27. A 50 𝑘𝑊 synchronous motor is tested by driving it by another motor. When the excitation
is not switched on, the driving motor takes 800 𝑊. When the armature is short-circuited and
the rated armature current of 10 𝐴 is passed through it, the driving motor
requires 2500 𝑊. On open-circuiting the armature with rated excitation, the driving motor
takes 1800 𝑊. Calculate the efficiency of the synchronous motor at 50% load. Neglect the
losses in the driving motor.

A) 95 B) 96 C) 95.9 D) 96

Answer
Correct answer is efficiency =95.9%
Explanation
28. Two identical synchronous generators, each of 100 𝑀𝑉𝐴, are working in parallel
supplying 100 𝑀𝑉𝐴 at 0.8 lagging 𝑝.𝑓. at rated voltage. Initially the machines are sharing
load equally. If the field current of first generator is reduced by 5% and of the second
generator increased by 5%, find the sharing of load (𝑀𝑊 and 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑅) between the generators.
Assume𝑋𝑑=𝑋𝑞=0.8𝑝.𝑢. no field saturation and rated voltage across load. Reasonable
approximations may be made.

Answer
Correct answer is 30 MVAR
Explanation:

Generator 1: Initial Q1 = (0.6 x 50) MVAR = 30 MVAR (assuming initial pf = 0.8

lagging)
New Q1 ≈ Q1 + ΔQ1 (positive as Q1 increases)
Generator 2: Initial Q2 = (0.6 x 50) MVAR = 30 MVAR
New Q2 ≈ Q2 - ΔQ2 (negative as Q2 decreases)

29. A 2300 𝑉, 3-phase synchronous motor driving a pump is provided with a line ammeter
and a field rheostat. When the rheostat is adjusted such that the 𝑎𝑐 line current is minimum.
The ammeter reads 8.8 𝐴. What is the power being delivered to the pump, neglecting losses?
How should the rheostat be adjusted so that the motor operates at 0.8 leading power factor?
How many 𝑘𝑉𝐴𝑅𝑠 is the motor supplying to the system at this new power factor?

Answer
Correct answer is Power delivered =19.08 kW 𝑘𝑊

Explanation:

• P = Real power (W)

• Vline = Line voltage (V) = 2300 V (given)
• Iline = Line current (A) = 8.8 A (given)
• cos(θ) = Power factor = 1

P = √3 * 2300 V * 8.8 A * 1 = 19.08 kW (approx.)

30. The type of single-phase induction motor, expected to have the maximum power factor
during steady state running condition, is
A) split phase (resistance start).
B) shaded pole.
C) capacitor start.
D) capacitor start, capacitor run.

Ans. D) capacitor start, capacitor run.

31. A single-phase 100 kVA, 1000 V / 100 V, 50 Hz transformer has a voltage drop of 5%
across its series impedance at full load. Of this, 3% is due to resistance. The percentage
regulation of the transformer at full load with 0.8 lagging power factor is

A) 4.8
B) 6.8
C) 8.8
D) 10.8
Answer A)4.8

32. The following figure shows the connection of an ideal transformer with primary to
secondary turns ratio of 1 : 100. The applied primary voltage is 100 V (rms), 50 Hz, AC. The
rms value of the current I, in ampere, is __________.

Answer 9.5 to 10.5

33. If an ideal transformer has an inductive load element at port 2 as shown in the figure
below, the equivalent inductance at port 1 is

A) nL
B) n2L
C) nL
D) n2L

Answer D) n2L
34. A synchronous motor operates at a lagging power factor. What happens to the motor's
speed if the field current is increased?

Answer: (A) Remains the same.

Explanation: Synchronous motors operate at a constant speed determined by the line

frequency and the number of poles. Changing the field current will affect the reactive power
output and the power angle, but not the synchronous speed.

35. A synchronous motor is running under-excited. What will happen to the motor's shaft
torque?

A) Increases B) Decreases C) No Change

Answer: (C) Decreases.

Explanation: Under-excitation (weak field) leads to a decrease in the motor's ability to

produce torque. This can cause the motor to fall out of synchronism if the load torque is too
high.

36. What is the purpose of a damper winding in a synchronous motor?

A) Reduces hunting oscillations. B) Incresaes hunting oscillations C) No Change D) 0.

Answer: (A) Reduces hunting oscillations.

Explanation: Damper windings are squirrel-cage type windings embedded in the rotor poles.
They create a damping effect during transient conditions like sudden load changes, reducing
hunting oscillations (shaft speed variations) experienced by the motor.

37. A synchronous motor is connected to the grid and is supplying leading reactive power.
What will happen to the motor's shaft torque?

A) Constant B) Remains the same. C) Standstill D) Good

Answer: (B) Remains the same.

Explanation: Similar to question 1, the motor's shaft torque is primarily determined by the
synchronous speed and the power angle. Adjusting the field current to supply leading reactive
power will not directly affect the torque.

38. Which of the following statements is true about synchronous motors?

Answer: (D) They can operate at any power factor (leading, lagging, or unity).

Explanation: Unlike induction motors, synchronous motors can be adjusted to operate at

various power factors by controlling the field current. This allows them to improve the
overall system power factor.
39. An induction motor operates at a slip of 2%. What happens to the motor's speed if the
supply voltage is decreased?

Answer: (C) Decreases slightly.

40. A three-phase induction motor is started using the direct-on-line (DOL) method. What
happens to the starting current?

Answer: (D) Very high compared to running current.

41. What is the purpose of a squirrel-cage rotor in an induction motor?

A) Simple B) rugged construction C) Low starting torque D) Simple and rugged

construction with low starting torque..

Answer: (D) Simple and rugged construction with low starting torque.

Explanation: Squirrel-cage rotors are constructed with aluminum or copper bars shorted at
both ends. They are simple, robust, and inexpensive but offer lower starting torque compared
to wound-rotor designs.

42. A three-phase induction motor operates at a lagging power factor. What can be done to
improve the power factor?

A) Capacitors in Parallel B) In Series C) 90 degree D) 180 degree

Answer: (A) Connect capacitors in parallel with the motor.

Explanation: By connecting capacitors in parallel with the motor, the reactive power
demand is reduced, leading to an improved overall power factor.

43. Which of the following statements is true about induction motors?

A) Self starting B) Good C) No Self Starting D) Constant

Answer: (C) They are self-starting motors.

Explanation: Unlike synchronous motors, induction motors can generate their own starting
torque due to the interaction of the rotating magnetic field and the induced currents in the
rotor.

44.

An induction motor operates at a slip of 2%. What happens to the motor's speed if the supply
voltage is decreased?

A) Decreases slightly.B) Increses C) Varies D)Not varied

Answer: (A) Decreases slightly.

Explanation: Slip (s) is the difference between the synchronous speed (Ns) and the rotor
speed (Nr) of an induction motor, expressed as a percentage of synchronous speed. Reducing
the supply voltage will decrease the motor's torque and slightly decrease the rotor speed
(increasing the slip).

45:A three-phase induction motor is started using the direct-on-line (DOL) method. What
happens to the starting current?

A) Very high B)Low C) Both

Answer: (A) Very high compared to running current.

Explanation: DOL starting results in a very high inrush current due to the low impedance of
the motor windings at standstill (high slip). This can create stress on the motor and power
supply.

46:What is the purpose of a squirrel-cage rotor in an induction motor?

A) Simple B) rugged C) Simple and rugged D) ) Simple and rugged construction with
low starting torque.

Answer: (D) Simple and rugged construction with low starting torque.

Explanation: Squirrel-cage rotors are constructed with aluminum or copper bars shorted at
both ends. They are simple, robust, and inexpensive but offer lower starting torque compared
to wound-rotor designs.

47:A three-phase induction motor operates at a lagging power factor. What can be done to
improve the power factor?

A) Connect capacitors in parallel with the motor. B) Connect capacitors in Series with
the motor. C) No Connection

Answer: (A) Connect capacitors in parallel with the motor.

Explanation: By connecting capacitors in parallel with the motor, the reactive power
demand is reduced, leading to an improved overall power factor.

48:Which of the following statements is true about induction motors?

A) Self B) Series C) Parallel D) Semi

Answer: (A) They are self-starting motors.

Explanation: Unlike synchronous motors, induction motors can generate their own starting
torque due to the interaction of the rotating magnetic field and the induced currents in the
rotor.