© JUL 2022 | IRE Journals | Volume 6 Issue 1 | ISSN: 2456-8880

Design and Assessment of An Electrical Load Schedule

Template Using Microsoft Excel
CEEJAY S. BALINGIT1, JOHN PAULO L. CARREON2, RHEY MARK O. CASTRO3, JAN
CHRISTIAN D. GUANLAO4, MURIEL ANDREAH C. OCAMPO5, FRENEIL R. PAMPO6, LOUIE G.
SERRANO7
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering and Architecture, Don
Honorio Venture State University, Cabambangan, Villa de Bacolor, Pampangan, Philippines

Abstract— This study aimed to develop an electrical caution, as missing a single specification in the load
load schedule template using Microsoft excel which schedule may lead to an electrical fault or hazard. In
produces faster and more precise results in the past decades people managed computations or
generating Electrical load schedules. The research budgets using paper, pencil, and calculators, however
has come up with a template for establishment that method is time consuming and tedious with its
application using standards of the Philippine limitations such as how sheets were modified
Electrical Code. In addition, this study will consider manually in adding or removing columns and rows.
manual computations and compare them with the Given that designing an electrical load schedule in
template calculation output that would address the those decades utilized a similar format, the amount of
effectiveness of the template. The medium that is time and work needed to accomplish that can be
used in creating the template is the software so called exhausting.
Microsoft excel. This software was chosen due to the
fact that it is widely used and is best in storing data Nowadays, Microsoft Excel is one of the most widely
and can form calculations. To develop this template used software programs in the world, with millions of
the researchers made an in-depth review with users relying on it to create, comprehend, model,
regards to the standards of the Philippine Electrical predict, and collaborate (Microsoft, 2021). The
Code to gather all the necessary data. Then after all development of the program allowed those previously
the data were gathered the template was stated limitations to be overcome, making the overall
programmed. The developed template is assessed by job easier. Microsoft Excel is a versatile spreadsheet
licensed electrical practitioners to know its tool that lets you organize data, perform calculations,
effectiveness of the template. The data in the make choices, graph data, and create professional-
assessment showed that the developed template is looking reports (Adebesi, 2013). Licensed electrical
recommendable to other electrical practitioners since practitioners benefited greatly from the said software,
the template can use practically and it can lessen the particularly the software’s use in computing the
working time of the user. In addition, the researchers electrical load schedule of a certain establishment.
also concluded that this tool allows you to calculate Moreover, electrical practitioners can freely create
the electrical load schedule, and display parallel their own templates for designing electrical load
computation results. Add-Ins (software extensions) schedules.
give you more power and open up new possibilities
Electrical load scheduling is the practice of estimating
Indexed Terms— Philippine Electrical Code, the instantaneous loads that are running in an
Template, Electrical load schedule, Microsoft Excel installation. The schedule calculates the load for a
specific installation in terms of apparent, reactive, and
I. INTRODUCTION active power (kVA, kVAR, and kW respectively) and
is often performed at the sub facility or switchboard.
Designing an electrical load schedule is a crucial part Load schedule preparation should ideally be the first
in the work of a licensed electrical practitioner. Doing task completed during the electrical system design
this task requires a great deal of attention to detail and stage, given that it is related to equipment sizes and

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other power system requirements. In particular, it electrical use (Institute of Integrated Electrical
provides information about the equipment ratings Engineers of the Philippines, 2017).
during normal and peak operations, assisting the
electrician in determining conductor sizes (Electrical The National Electrical Code (NEC), or NFPA 70, is
Equipment, 2017). The reality of constructing and a regionally adopted standard for the safe installation
operating urban power supply networks, according to of electrical wiring (National Electrical Code 2014).
Suslov et al. (2019), has revealed that real loads are The NEC codifies the requirements for secure
typically lower than projected, resulting in an electrical installations into a single, standardized
overpricing of technological connection costs. source. While not a law, NEC is commonly ordered by
local law for safety measures. It can be and often is
The process of planning a system in terms of adopted by cities, and municipalities in an effort to
equipment sizing and power system studies is made standardize their enforcement of safe electrical
easier by preparing an electrical load schedule. The practices.
data in load schedules are usually supported by
calculations based on standard electrical codes. Power-flow problems in electrical power networks
Creating an electrical load schedule is a critical task have been investigated over the years and several
that an electrical technician should perform during the calculation methods were introduced. In order to
early stages of an electrical power installation. The determine the work state of a power network, it is often
load schedule provides data that is a close necessary to solve a large system of nonlinear
approximation of the amount of power consumed for transcendental equations. Microsoft Excel, as a part of
normal, peak, and anything in between loads the Microsoft Office software package, is widely
(Electrical Equipment, 2017). Making a load schedule known in the world and easily accessible. Excel
for a certain establishment can take a lot of time and possesses a plug-in called “Solver” which is a tool
meticulosity, because a mistake in choosing the used for constrained optimization and solving of
protective device will cause electrical hazards. nonlinear equations (Zeljkovic et al., 2006).
Electrical load scheduling also needs to be based on
the electrical codes where the standards are written, Microsoft Excel is one of the most popular spreadsheet
and the sheer number of codes make it difficult to programs considering its quality and moderately
remember all of them. simple utilization. It is appropriate for both logical and
instructive purposes, particularly scientific and
This research aimed to develop a template that can factual. Through the use of this program, it is possible
compute the electrical load schedule that complies to solve electrical problems and analyze similar
with the standards of the Philippine Electrical Code situations.
instantly. The template was programmed using
Microsoft Excel since the software is widely known The most recent edition of Microsoft Excel was able
and user-friendly. The template was be assessed by to offer solutions to the most common difficulties
licensed electrical practitioners before being launched users encounter. Microsoft made specific decisions in
to the public. the design of the spreadsheet optimizer that comes
with Microsoft Excel. Load management entails
Review of Related Literature carefully scheduling device operation hours to
The Philippine Electrical Code is used nationally for minimize electricity costs (Fei Hu et al., 2014).
the practical safeguarding of persons and property Researchers applied a novel approach to electric load
from hazards and dangers arising from the use of management to find the best device scheduling
electricity. This code contains provisions that are without impacting production.
considered minimum requirements necessary for
safety. Compliance therewith and proper maintenance Statement of the Problem
will result in an installation that is essentially free from Small-time licensed electrical practitioners modify
hazards but not necessarily efficient, convenient, or their template whenever they design a load schedule
adequate for good service or future expansion of due to the fact that every establishment has different

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loads. Modifying a template is a lengthy process and Conceptual Framework

requires focus so as not to risk any inaccuracy of the Figure 1: Conceptual Framework
load schedule. To address this issue, this research
primarily aimed to utilize and enhance an electrical
load schedule template using Microsoft Excel. This
template could potentially lessen the hassle in
designing electrical load schedules regardless of what
electrical system is used, avoiding any possible
confusion or mishap when designing an electrical load
schedule.

Specifically, the researchers sought to answer

As shown in Figure 1, the researchers reviewed the
following the questions:
Philippine Electrical Code, especially the standards in
1. Is the template effective in achieving the designing the electrical load schedule of a certain
result with the least amount of time and effort invested,
establishment and conceptualized the template which
and reliable as a basis for computing the electrical load
includes the format and presentation.
schedule?
2. How the template will be assessed by the Upon reviewing the PEC and conceptualizing the
expert in terms of: a. Data; b. Structure; and c. template, the researchers conducted an in-depth
Application? analysis with regarding the standards of the Philippine
Electrical Code. Then the template of the electrical
GENERAL OBJECTIVE load schedule was configured based on the analysis.
This study intended to design an electrical load The following step was to program the structural and
schedule template based on the standards of the mathematical modeling of the system of the electrical
Philippine Electrical Code using Microsoft Excel that load schedule using Microsoft Excel Visual Basic for
can help licensed electrical practitioners in the Applications. Once done with the programming, the
Philippines in computing the electrical loads of an electrical load schedule was used by a licensed
establishment with less time consumption. electrical practitioner for the assessment of templates.
● To design a hassle-free template for Lastly, the assessment was used as feedback to
computing the electrical load schedule. determine the areas that needed to be improved, the
● To enhance an electrical load schedule benefits of the template, and if the template met the
template based on PEC using Microsoft Excel to be expectations of the users. The outcome of this study is
assessed by the licensed electrical practitioners. to have an efficient electrical load schedule template
that is based on the standards of the Philippine
This study specifically deals with the development and Electrical Code. In addition, the output is also an
assessment of an Electrical load Schedule template enhanced and reliable template that can be used by
using Microsoft Excel in the field of Electrical Design. licensed electrical practitioners.
The template will only cover 230 Volts single phase
and three phase, along with commercial (small retail II. METHODOLOGY
buildings), institutional (small government buildings,
school buildings), industrial (small manufacturing), The researchers used the Design and Development
and residential unit's electrical load schedule. The design model for the study (Richey & Klein, 2014).
template was assessed by licensed electrical The study had undergone through three (3) primary
practitioners. A digital questionnaire is used for the phases in order to execute this model: design,
assessment of the template. The template is only development, and assessment. In the design phase, the
applicable to electrical practicing students and researchers gathered information by examining the
licensed electrical practitioners. requirements of the Electrical Load Schedule template
while also adhering to the Philippine Electrical Code's

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standards. The requirements of the Electrical load used to review the information from the data source
schedule template and the PEC standards were used as was the Philippine Electrical Code 2017. After the
guidelines in the designing of the template and layouts. development of an electrical load schedule template,
In the development phase, the researchers used the an assessment sheet for judging the template's data,
gathered and analyzed information in creating the efficiency, and application was crafted by the
template by programming Microsoft Excel using researcher using the Likert Scale to produce a
Visual Basic for Applications. Lastly, the assessment numerical output in the assessment.
phase judged the quality of the template to gauge the
efficiency and reliability of the new template. This I. Likert Scale
design allowed for a thorough research on electrical
load schedules in developing a template using The Likert Scale is a psychometric response scale that
Microsoft Excel. Revisions on the template were done is commonly used in assessments to determine a
based on the assessment results. participant's preferences or level of agreement with a
statement or collection of assertions. Likert scales are
For this study, ten (10) licensed electrical practitioners a non-comparative, one-dimensional (only measuring
who have knowledge and experience in electrical load a single characteristic) scaling technique. Respondents
design were selected as respondents through random
Scale Range Interpretation
sampling. Sampling is a researcher's method of
selecting the group of participants (The sample is the 1 1.49 and Below Strongly
number of people who will take part in the study). Disagree
According to Thomas (2020), a simple random sample 2 1.50 to 2.49 Disagree
is a subset of a population chosen at random. Because
it only takes a single random selection and little prior 3 2.50 to 3.49 Undecided
knowledge about the population, this method is the
simplest of all the probability sampling methods. Any
4 3.50 to 4.49 Agree
research conducted on this sample should have
excellent internal and external validity due to the
5 4.50 and Above Strongly Agree
randomization.

The researchers used two methods in collecting the

data needed for this developmental research. Data are asked to indicate their level of agreement with a
plays a vital role in completing research studies due to given statement by way of an ordinal scale (Bertram).
the fact that it supports the issues around the research Upon acquiring the information needed from the
gap. This study used two types of sources of data assessment of the template, the data was encoded in
which are primary and secondary sources. The data order to compute and determine the respondents'
source that the researchers referenced included the ratings. The data was then organized as a reference for
Philippine Electrical Code (2017) and licensed the development of the template. The mean was solved
electrical practitioners. The researchers reviewed the by:
latest edition of the Philippine Electrical Code which
contains required information in designing an II. Mean
electrical load schedule. People with a license in Formula:
designing an electrical load schedule were asked to
assess the template that was developed by the
researchers in terms of reliability and efficiency of the
electrical load schedule template. Where:

The instruments used in the data collection process = Mean

were template assessment sheets, and also the
Philippine Electrical Code (2017) standards. The book

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The overcurrent protection rating should be able to

= Summation of All Data Values carry the calculated line current. It should be the
N = Total Number of Population highest overcurrent protection/circuit breaker that is
commercially available. The overcurrent protection's
Electrical Load Schedule Template Based on ampere trip should not be greater than the ampacity of
Philippine Electrical Code (PEC) the conductor being protected.

The selected materials were based on the standards • Motor load

Philippine Electrical Code 2017. The following tables The overcurrent device protecting on individual motor
are the standards of the Philippine Electrical Code in branch circuit must be able to carry the motor starting
selecting the appropriate materials; the ampere trip current. It must have a time delay to allow the motor
rating of the breaker (see PEC 2017 Table to start and come up to speed.
2.40.1.6(A)), ampere frame rating, table of service
wire ampacity (see PEC 2017 Table 3.10.2.6(B)), table To get the breaker size of motor load the full load
of ground wire size (see PEC 2017 Table 2.50.3.17 and current of the motor is multiplied by the maximum
Table 2.50.6.13), size and type of conduit (see PEC rating of the motor branch circuit (PEC table 4.30.4.2)
2017 Table 10.1.1.1, Table 10.1.1.4, and Table Main Service wire and OCPD sizing
10.1.1.5), a single phase alternating current motor (see • Single phase
PEC 2017 Table 4.30.14.2), three phase alternating Size of wire
current motor induction & synchronous (see PEC 2017 IF = (IFL x D.F) + 25% (HML)
Table 4.30.14.4), and the table of alternating current Size of breaker
reactance and resistance for wire in conduit (see PEC IMCB = (IFL x D.F) + 150% (HML)
2017 Table 10.1.1.9).
• Three phase Size of wire (WYE)
The formula for load computations
IL = [(Largest Phase Current x 3) + (0.25 x LML) +
• Lighting and Convenience outlet loads 3phase load] [Demand Factor] Size of wire (DELTA)
• Lights (VA) = quantity x watts IL = [(Largest Phase Current x 1.732) + (0.25 x LML)
• Outlet (VA) = quantity x 180 watts + 3phase load] [Demand Factor]
• Appliances load computations Size of the breaker (WYE)
• For the equipment, the user will input the wattage IMCB = [(Largest Phase Current x 3) + (1.5 x LML)
rating of the equipment + 3phase load] [Demand Factor] Size of the breaker
• Motor load (DELTA)
IMCB = [(Largest Phase Current x 1.732) + (1.5 x
Single phase Motor = (full load in current single phase LML) + 3phase load] [Demand Factor]
AC motors PEC table 4.30.14.2)
Voltage Drop Calculation
Three phase Motor = (full load in current three phase To compute the voltage drop across a conductor, a
AC motors PEC table 4.30.14.4) simple formula was utilized using

To get the full load current of the lighting, outlet, and Ohm's law for a single phase. The formula used was
equipment load the formula used is FLC = VA/230 VD = 2I , and for three phases
VD = I to get the impedance. Philippine
Conductor Sizing Electrical Code (PEC) table 10.1.1.9 was used to
To get the conductor size of each load the formula used determine the resistance and reactance of the wire.
is wire size = FLC x 1.25 (PEC 2.10.2.2) This method can be used to calculate the voltage drop
across a circuit as well as the wire gauge size required
Overcurrent Protection Rating for your circuit depending on the maximum desired
• Lighting, Convenience, and Appliances load voltage drop. The voltage drop of a feeder circuit must

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not exceed 5%, and the voltage drop of a branch circuit Program development flow
must not exceed 3%, according to the Philippine 1. Review on Electrical Design based on Philippine
Electrical Code. Electrical Codes – The researchers need the
knowledge of construction and computation of
Program Development electrical load schedule tables.
2. Structural modeling of the system – This process
All the gathered data, the structure of the electrical involves the creation of possible cases and
load schedule, and the formula were coded in Excel. combinations of the required inputs.
The Visual Basic for Applications was used to 3. Mathematical modeling of systems – This process
program Excel, as it allows users with limited involves the formulations of equations that will be
knowledge in programming to quickly develop useful used for the desired results that require different
Microsoft Windows applications that can link and types of equations and concepts.
embed objects, such as Excel spreadsheets. Other 4. Testing of sample electrical design – Testing of
programming languages are considered like Java, samples of different types of establishments, or
requires more time and knowledge in cross-platform different types of branch circuits in panel box (how
development and were therefore excluded in the study. many) and different loads were to be considered in
order to test the accuracy of results.
Figure 2: Program development flow 5. Comparing program results on manual
computation – The program results will be
compared to the manual computation results to see
Review on Electrical
Design based on PEC if there are discrepancies with the values.
6. Validation of information – If the program gives
results equal to the manual computation, the results
are considered to be valid. All the results must be
proved to be valid for the template to be called
Structural modeling
of system accurate.
7. Interpretation of information – It involves the
analysis of information that the template gives, and
whether it yielded faster and more accurate results.
Mathematical
modeling of system

Testing of sample
electrical load
schedule

Comparing program
results on manual
computation

Validation of
Information

Interpretation of
Information

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total VA, size breakers, and gives the size of wires

Figure 2.1: Template on excel flow conduits and breakers rating.
6. Display Results – The excel should then display
the computed results in the electrical load schedule
Start the excel
template table and it will display the size of wire and
conduit, the circuit breaker rating of each load, and
also the size of feeder wire and main circuit breaker
rating.
Single phase/Three 7. Save
phase

III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Input data In this section of the research, several findings were

enumerated based on the data collected. The data
includes the Philippine Electrical Code (2017),
findings on the design and development process, and
Construction of Load the produced template assessed by the licensed
Schedule electrical practitioner using the template evaluation
sheet.

Graphical User interface

Computation

Display Results

Save

Figure 3: Initial Interface of the template after

Template on excel flow opening the Excel
1. Start
2. Single phase/Three phase – The user will choose The program for scheduling electrical loads using
what system will be used, whether a single phase Microsoft Excel as shown in Figure 3. Upon opening
or three phase system. Microsoft Excel the user will be directed to the click
3. Input Data – The user will input all the required button "create panel board".
information in creating the electrical load
schedule.
4. Electrical load schedule table – The information
that was input by the user will be shown in the
Excel sheet including circuit number, rated
voltage, rated current, size of wires and conduit,
description of loads, number of poles, Ampere trip
and frame, KAIC, size of breaker.
5. Computation – The program will perform the
computation. it will compute the rated current,

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Figure 3.1: Power system Figure 3.1.3: Load Category

Figure 3.1 shows that after clicking the "create panel Figure 3.1.3 shows the load category in which the user
board", the option to select for the power system had 5 options, the lights, convenience outlet,
(single phase/ three phase) to be used will appear. equipment, motor, TR ACU and spare. For the lighting
load, the program will request the quantity, load
Template calculation description, wattage, and conduit type. The quantity
has no limit it depends on the desired quantity of the
user. In the load description, there are options that the
user can choose from. The wattage is limited to a
maximum of 100 watts. In conduit type options are
also presented where the user can select. The program
will ask for the number of convenience outlets based
on the user's desired number of outlets, as well as load
descriptions and conduit type, which both have
parameters. Regarding the load of the appliance, the
program will ask for the wattage rating of the
Figure 3.1.1: Panel board draft
equipment and also the load descriptions, and the
As shown in Figure 3.1.1, the template will ask how conduit type. For the motor, the program will ask the
many panel-boards the system will create and also ask load description of the motor, its horsepower rating,
to automatically create the main panel board. The table and also the conduit type to be used. The template will
is programmed to layout automatically while the user inquire about the TR ACU's size as well as the conduit
is working on the Electrical load schedule. type to be used.

Figure 3.1.2: Number of Circuits

Figure 3.1.4: Integers
As presented in Figure 3.1.2 the program will request
to input the number of circuits needed. If the user forgets to input the integers and the inputs
are wrong, the template will not proceed until the user

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correct it and a form will show that the user has made
a mistake.

Figure 4.1: Single phase Manual Computation

Figure 3.1.5: Demand factor The two figures above demonstrate the comparison of
the single-phase template and manual computation.
After setting all the load in the circuits, it is seen in The layout of the two is almost the same but it differs
Figure 3.1.5 that the program will ask for the demand in how the electrical load schedule is made. In the
factor to solve for the ampacity of the feeder wire and manual computation, the formulas for the required
overcurrent protection device rating. After that, the computations were coded per unit cell, and the tables
system will automatically set out the standard main of standard materials in the PEC book were consulted
service wire and breaker rating size. The main breaker in the process. In contrast, the developed template
type will also be asked, and the user may select from contains all relevant data from the PEC book that are
all the possible options for the circuit breaker. needed in doing electrical load schedules built in, no
longer requiring the user to manually check the tables
of standard materials. In addition, the template also
Comparison between the template and manual guides the user in doing electrical load schedules, the
calculation save button and clear button are also in the developed
template. For the save button when the user clicked it
the template will automatically save in the computer
while the clear button will erase all the generated
tables and the user can start another template.

Figure 4: Single phase Template Calculation

Figure 4.2: Three-phase Template Calculation

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Figure 4.3: Three-phase Manual Calculation

The three-phase template and manual computation are Legend:

compared in the figure above. The three-phase Scale Range Interpretation
balancing of loads in manual computations must be 1 1.49 and Below Strongly Disagree
configured by the user manually, whereas in the 2 1.50 to 2.49 Disagree
template it balances in the nearest possible number 3 2.50 to 3.49 Undecided
automatically. 4 3.50 to 4.49 Agree
5 4.50 and Above Strongly Agree
The output of this study can be considered innovative
since it allows electrical practitioners to streamline Table 1. Structure of the Electrical load Schedule
their work. The user will not have to manually check Template
the PEC 2017 book since all required information is
programmed into the application, and the mechanics Table 1 shows the results of the assessment of the
of the template are simple to understand. The user will template. The results from six out of the seven
no longer have to spend time building tables, as the statements each resulted in a mean between 4.0 - 4.3,
template will do it for them. The formulas are also which implies that the respondents are in agreement
built in, eliminating the need to enter and solve for with the statements. The remaining statement
them individually. The template is dependable and (Statement 2) resulted in a mean of 4.7, meaning the
efficient in developing an electrical load schedule, and respondents strongly agree with what was written.
it is appropriate for use among licensed electrical The grand mean of the results is 4.2, which according
practitioners. to the scale, can be interpreted as Agree. This means
that based on the respondents’ assessment, the
Result of the Template template selects the materials accurately. The
computations of the electrical load schedule are
The created electrical load schedule template was precise due to the fact that the template's results
assessed by ten (10) qualified electrical practitioners demonstrated a reasonable range of variation. The
during the assessment procedure. The electrical developed template also has the potential to lessen the
practitioners were given the software to assess the work in designing electrical load schedules. And
template. The researchers employed a quantitative lastly, the template is recommendable to other
product assessment sheet to analyze the efficiency and electrical practitioners since the template is capable of
dependability of the created electrical load schedule producing data that yield similar results as manual
template. The respondents were asked to rate the computation but with less time and hassle. On the
template on an assessment sheet in order to determine other hand, the respondents suggested using 2 decimal
its quality. points, breaker placement will be generated as well,
avoiding the redundancy in requesting the demand

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factor, and using a simpler option when selecting the template. The vast knowledge of our research adviser
power system to be used. These suggestions were Engr. Louie Serrano, a Professional Electrical
taken into considering for the improvement of the Engineer, along with his familiarity with the Electrical
developed template. Design and Electrical Load Schedule, was indeed a
huge help in this research. To the EE faculty
member who provided us with several references,
IV. CONCLUSION
knowledge, and suggestions for our research. Mr.
This paper shows that the significance of spreadsheet Calvin Jazz Cruz, who assisted us with the program's
programs in the Electrical load schedule template and coding and debugging.
the other electrical disciplines cannot be neglected. To all our evaluators who evaluate the template for
Microsoft Excel is the most distributed spreadsheet extending their hands, and giving incredible feedback
software package calls for attention because of its and information to the template.
strength and relatively easy use. It is suitable for both Endless gratitude, and utmost appreciation, for the time
practical and educational purposes given its great they administered to be interviewed, and for the
number of implemented functions, especially support, they gave in the fulfilment of this project.
mathematical and statistical. By means of this Our heartfelt appreciation to everyone who extended
program, it is possible to compute the electrical load their help.
schedule and analyze different events and phenomena
as well as show parallel calculation results. Software
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commercial, industrial buildings and another voltage researchcollaborations-in
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[4] The Guidelines Project (2017). Development
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