Worksheet – Matrices and determinants

1.A person has Rs. 35,000 that he has divided into three investments. Part of the
money invested in a savings account with an annual rate of interest of 6%, part in
7% annual yield bonds, and the remainder in a business. In 2002, when he lost 6%
of the money that he invested in that business, his net income from all three
investments was Rs. 660. If he invested Rs. 3,000 more in the business than in the
savings account, how much was invested in each?

2. An amount of Rs. 65,000 is invested in three investments at rates of 6%,8% and

9% per annum respectively. The total annual income is Rs. 4,800. The income
from the third investment is Rs. 600 more than the income from the second
investment. Using cramer’s rule, determine the amount of each investment.

3. A, B and C have Rs. 1,250, Rs. 1,700 and Rs. 2,100 respectively. They utilized
the amount to purchase three types of shares pricing Rs. x, y and z respectively. A
purchases 20 shares of price x; 50 shares of price y and 30 shares of price z. B
purchases 44 shares of price x, 30 shares of price y and 60 shares of price z and C
purchases 12 shares of price x, 40 shares of price y and 100 shares of price z. Find
x, y and z using cramer’s method.

4. The prices of three commodities X, Y and Z are, x, y and z per unit respectively.
A purchases 4 units of Z and sells 3 units of X and 5 units of Y. B purchases 3
units of Y and sells 2 units of X and I unit of Z. C purchases 1 unit of X and sells 4
units of Y and 6 units of Z. In the process, A, B, C earn Rs. 6,000, Rs. 5,000 and
Rs. 13,000 respectively. Using matrices, find the prices per unit of the three
commodities (Note: that selling the units is positive earning and purchasing the
units is negative earning).

5. A company produces three products everyday. Their total production on a

certain day is 45 tones. It is found that the production of third product exceeds the
production of first product by 8 tones while the total production of first and third
product is twice the production of second product. Determine the production level
of each product using cramer’s rule .

6. A business has Rs. 40,000 to spend on advertising an upcoming sale. The money
is to be divided between television (x), radio (y) and newspapers (z). The business
manager has decided to spend three times as much money on television as on
radio. The manager has also decided to spend Rs. 8,000 less on radio advertising
than on newspapers.
(i) Write the system of equations defined by this problem.
(ii) Solve the system using cramer’s rule
(Hint i) x + y + z = 40,000, x = 3y,- y + z = 8000

7. To control a certain disease it is necessary to use 8 units of chemical A, 14 units

of chemical B and 13 units of chemical C. One barrel of spray P contains 1 unit of
A, 2 units of B and 3 units of C. One barrel of spray Q contains 2 units of A, 3
units of B and 2 units of C. One barrel of R contains I unit of A, 2 units of B and 2
units of C. Find how many barrels of each type be used to just meet the
requirements?

8. A salesman has the following record of sales during three months for three items
A, B and C which have different rates of commission.

Months drawn (in Rs.) Sales of units Total Commission

A B C
January 90 100 20 800
February 130 50 40 900
March 60 100 30 850

Find out, using cramer’s rule, the rates of commission on items A, B and C.

9. Three products X, Y and Z are produced after being processed through three
departments, D1, D2 and D3. The following data are available:
Products Hours required for a unit product
D1 D2 D3
X 2 5 1
Y 2 3 2
Z 2 3 3
Max. Time available in hours 1100 1800 1400
Find by cramer’s method the number of units produced for each product to have
full utilization of capacity.

10. If 2A +2 B = 2 3 1 and 3A + B = 4 6 1
1 6 0 2 -2 5

11. Solve for x if x2 1 - x 3 = 6 -2

2 3 1 4 1 7

12. Find AB and BA if

 2 - 2 -3 3 -1 2
A = 5 0 2 , B= -4 2 5
1 -1 1 2 0 -3

13. If A = 3 1 Find the value of A2 -5A + 7 I

-1 2

14. If A = -4 1 B = 3 1 Verify (AB)1 = B1 A1

3 -2 -1 -2

15. If A= 3 6 B= 4 5 6 1 4 -7
4 0 , 0 1 3 & C = -2 -5 -3
5 6 0
Verify (AB)C = A (BC)

16. If A = 4 -2 and B = 1 0
-1 2 2 1

Find A2 – B2 and show that A2 - B2 ≠ ( Α − Β) (Α + Β)

1 2 2

17. Ιf A = 2 1 2 show that A2 - 4A -5 I = 0

2 2 1

18. If A = 10 2 and B = 1 2 5
2 -4 -2 4 6 show that (AB) 1 = B1 A1
5 6

19. If A= 2 4 B = 1 -3 C = -2 5
-2 2 -2 5 3 -4

Verify 1) A (B +C) = AB – AC
2) A (B - C) = AB – AC

20. If x 1 2 3 2
 y = 7 2 5 1
z 6 9 8 4 find the value x,y and z

21. If 1 3 2 -1 0 = 8 x 12
1 2 2 1 4 y 1 z find the value of x, y, z

22. If x 2 -3 3 -1 2 5 3 3
5 y 2 4 2 5 = 19 -5 16 Find X, Y and Z
1 -1 z 2 0 3 1 -3 0

23. Estimate the values of following Matrices.

a. b. c.

6 5 1 2 3 -5 -4 3
3 6 -4 -6 -8 3 -3 1
, 0 5 3 , 1 -1 2
24) Evaluate:
a. b. c.
0 3 4 4 -5 8 4 4 5
2 -1 -3 , 9 2 1 , -6 1 6
5 7 1 -5 -3 -2 2 -2 9

25) Find x 1 7 3 2 x 2 2x 3
2 x 3 = 0, 10 8 = 0, 1 4 -1 = 0
3 4 3 5 6 7

26) A factory has two units, unit I can produces 6 items of P, 8 items of Q and 10
units of R in one of operation. Unit II can produce 8 items of P, 6 items of Q and 7
items of R per hour of operation. Using matrix multiplication, determine the total
number of items of P, Q and R produced if unit I is operating for 8 hours and unit II
is operating for 7 hours.

27) A firm produces three products P1, P2, P3 requiring the mixup of four
materials M1, M2, M3 and M4. The matrix below gives the amount of material
needed for each product :
M1 M2 M3 M4
P1 2 3 1 12
P2 7 9 5 20
P3 8 12 6 15
Find
(i) The total requirement of each material if the firm produces 70 units of
P1, 120 units of P2 and 50 units of P3.
(ii) The per unit cost of production of each product, if the per unit costs of
material M1, M2, M3 and M4 are Rs 10, Rs 12, Rs 15 and Rs 20
respectively
(iii) The total cost of production.