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Balancing Reciprocating Masses Numericals

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15 views38 pages

Balancing Reciprocating Masses Numericals

Uploaded by

Josiah Gonsalves
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Balancing of reciprocating masses

Problem No. 2
Problem 3. A single cylinder horizontal diesel engine has a stroke of 400 mm. Length of the
connecting rod is 900 mm. The revolving parts are equivalent to 600 N at the crank radius.
Weight of the piston is 420 N. Weight of the connecting rod is 330 N. Centre of gravity of
connecting rod is 300 mm from the crank pin. Revolving balancing masses are attached at
a radius of 250 mm so that the whole of revolving parts and half of the reciprocating parts
must be balanced. Find the magnitude of balancing masses and unbalanced forces on the
engine when the speed is 1200 rpm.
Problem No. 3
Problem No. 1
Problem No. 2
Conclusion: ?
Problem 3. The successive cranks of a five-cylinder in-line engine are
144° apart. The spacing between cylinder centre lines is 400 mm. The
lengths of the crank and the connecting rod are 100 mm and 450 mm
respectively. The reciprocating mass for each cylinder is 20 kg. The
engine speed is 630 rpm. Determine the maximum values of the primary
and secondary forces and couples and the position of the central
crank at which these occur.
Solution

Crankshaft rotation of 18° and 198° clockwise will result in


maximum value of primary couple. Central crank (i.e. crank 3)
which by default is @ 288° will rotate to (288-18) 270° and
(288-198) 90°.
Crankshaft rotation of 126° and 306°
clockwise will result in maximum value of
primary couple. Central crank (i.e. crank
3) which by default is @ 216° will rotate
to (216-126) 90° and (216- 306) -90° or
270°. Actual crank rotation- 45°, 135°,
225° & 315°
Problem No. 4
Problem No. 4
𝑅
Primary force F1 =𝑔 𝜔2 𝑟 cos 𝛼 − 𝜃

𝑅
Primary force F2 =𝑔 𝜔2 𝑟 cos 𝛼 + 𝜃
Problem 1. A twin cylinder V-engine has centre lines of the cylinders at
90° to each other and connecting rods are connected to a common
crank. Weight of the reciprocating mass of each cylinder is 15 N. Radius
of the crank is 0.08 m and length of the connecting rod is 0.4 m. Show
that the engine may be balanced for primary forces, by means of a
revolving balancing mass. If the engine is running at 2000 rpm, what is
the maximum value of resultant secondary force?
Problem No. 1
Problem 2. A twin cylinder v-engine has center lines of the cylinders at
90° and connecting rods operate on a common crank. Length of each
connecting rod is 300 mm and stroke length is 120 mm. The crank pin
and crank webs are equivalent to a mass of 1.2 Kg at the crank radius.
Mass of each piston is 1 Kg. Mass of each connecting rod is 1.5 Kg.
Centre of gravity of the connecting rod is 80 mm from crank pin. Show
that the effect of rotating masses and primary effect of reciprocating
masses can be balanced by a single revolving mass. Find out the
magnitude of this balancing mass at a radius of 80 mm. Speed of the
engine is 1800 rpm.
Problem No. 2
Direct and Reverse Crank

Assuming reciprocating weight to be ‘R’ N.


Placing 2 equal halves ‘R/2’ @ crank ends.
𝑹
Centrifugal force acting on primary direct and reverse = 𝝎𝟐 r
𝟐𝒈
𝑹
Components along line of stroke=𝟐𝒈 𝝎𝟐 𝒓 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽
Problem 1
In a three cylinder radial engine, all three connecting rods operate on a
single crank. The cylinder center lines are at 120°. Mass of reciprocating
parts of each cylinder is 2 Kg. Crank radius is 80 mm. Length of
connecting rod is 280 mm. Speed of the engine is 2000 rpm. Determine
the following with regard to inertia of reciprocating parts,
a) Balance weight to be attached at 90 mm radius to obtain primary
balance.
b) Magnitude of secondary un-balanced orce.
Problem No. 1
Problem 2
The piston of a 60° V-engine have stroke of 0.12 m. The two connecting
rods operate on a common crank pin and each is 0.24 m. If the mass of
reciprocating parts is 1.2 Kg per cylinder and the crank shaft speed is
3600 rpm, determine the maximum value of primary and secondary
forces.
Problem No. 2
Problem 3
In a five cylinder radial engine the cylinders are equally spaced. Mass of
reciprocating parts per cylinder is 1 Kg. Stroke length is 0.1 m and
length of connecting rod is 0.15 m. When the engine rotates at 3000
rpm, find the maximum un-balanced primary and secondary forces.
Problem No. 3

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