SEORT ANSWER.

Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the
question.

1. From equation PVn = C, if

n = k, The process is:
Answer: isentropic

2. From equation PVn = C, if

n = ∞, The process is:
Answer: isometric

3. Whenever a system undergoes any change,

the system undergoes a: Answer: Cyclic
change

4. It is a process in which both the system and the surroundings returned to their original states,
otherwise it is an irre versible process.
Answer: Reversible process

5. It is a process in which the final state is the same as the initial state after the system executes
a series of processes. Answer: Cyclic process

6. It is a process in which the system departs from equilibrium state only

infinitesimally at every instant. Answer: Quasi-static process

7. An internally reversible constant

volume process is known as: Answer:
Isometric process

8. Isometric
process is
also known
as: Answer:
Isochoric
process

9. It is an internally reversible constant pressure process or change of state of a

substance or system. Answer: Isobaric process

10. A constant volume change of

state is also known as:
Answer: All of the choices

11. It is an internally reversible constant temperature process or change of state of

a substance or system. Answer: Isothermal process

12. It is a reversible adiabatic process or an internally reversible constant entropy process or

change of state of a substa nce or system.
Answer: Isentropic process

13. It is a process in which no heat transfer occurs from the system to the surroundings or from
the surroundings to the system.
Answer: Adiabatic process

14. It is an internally reversible process in which pVn = C, where n is any constant

other than 0, 1, k, or \'B0. Answer: Polytropic process

15. In the relation pVn = C, if the value of n = 0 the

process is known said to be: Answer: Isobaric process

16. The relation pV = C represents a process or change of

states, which is known as: Answer: Isothermal process

17. In a nonflow isometric

process, the work done is:
Answer: Equal to zero
18. In a reversible nonflow process, the N = 0
represents that the process is: Answer: Isothermal
process

19. In the expression pVn = C, if n = 1 the

process is said to be: Answer:
Isothermal process

20. The compressibility

factor of an ideal gas
is: Answer: Equal to
one

21. The molecular

collisions of a real
gas is: Answer:
Inelastic

22. Isentropic process is an internally reversible

process during which: Answer: The entropy
is constant

23. If n = 1 in the expression pVn = C, the

process is known as: Answer:
Isochoric process

24. Carnot Cycle is reversible

cycle defined by: Answer:
Two isothermal and two
isentropic process

25. In a Carnot cycle,

the heat addition
is at: Answer:
Isothermal
expansion
process

26. A body to which the working substance of a cycle can

reject heat is said to be: Answer: heat sink

27. A body from which the working substance of a cycle

receives heat is called: Answer: Neat source

28. It is a regenerative thermodynamic power cycle using two isothermal and two
constant volume processes: Answer: Stirling cycle

29. Stirling cycle is a regenerative thermodynamic

power cycle, also known as: Answer: Constant
volume regenerative cycle

30. A constant-pressure regenerative

power cycle is called: Answer:
Ericson cycle

31. It is the model cycle or the theoretical prototype cycle for reciprocating
spark-ignition engines. Answer: Otto cycle
32. It is the model cycle or the theoretical prototype cycle for reciprocating compression-ignition engines.
Answer: Diesel cycle

33. A common modification used with spark-ignition engines for aircraft operation, which a steady-flow compressr us
ed to compress the air before it enters the reciprocating engine.
Answer: Supercharger

34. A closed system that operates in cycles and exchanges only heat and work with its surroundings is known as:
Answer: Neat engine or thermal engine

35. A substance that receives and rejects heat, and does work is called as:
Answer: Working substance

36. The amount of heat added to the engine required to produce 1 kW or Np within one hour is said to be:
Answer: Neat rate

37. It is an important feature in Stirling cycle.

Answer: Regeneration

38. A gas that obeys the relationship Pv = RT and the other gas laws exactly and
Answer: Perfect gas

39. A substance existing in the gaseous phase but relatively near its saturation (evaporation or condensation) temperatu
re is called:
Answer: Vapor

40. Properties that define the thermal and energy conditions of the fluid.
Answer: Thermodynamic properties

41. Properties that measure the diffusion within the fluid resulting from molecular activities.
Answer: Transport properties

42. Properties that define the physical conditions of the fluid.

Answer: State properties

43. Which of the following properties defines as transport property?

Answer: Thermal conductivity

44. A mathematical function of the observable properties of a substance and its changes are not evident to the human
senses.
Answer: Entropy

45. The sum of internal energy and the displacement energy or flow work of an open system is said to be:
Answer: Enthalpy

46. A process that is completely controlled and yields a maximum amount of useful work.
Answer: Reversible process

47. Neat and mechanical energy are inter-convertible and can neither be created nor destroyed. This statement is called:
Answer: First law of thermodynamics

48. It is impossible by any procedure, no matter how idealized, to reduce any system to absolute zero of temperature in
a finite number of operation. The said statement is known as:
Answer: The third law of thermodynamics

49. The second law of thermodynamics states that it is impossible for a self-acting machine unaided by any externe lage
ncy to transfer heat from one body to another at higher temperature. This second law statement is known as:
Answer: Clausius statement

50. The third law of thermodynamics is also known as:

Answer: Nernst heat theorem

51. A heat theorem indicating that the coefficient of volume expansion and the specific heat of a fluid approach zero as
the temperature approaches zero.
Answer: Nernst heat theorem

52. It is a process in which there is no transfer of the working substance during the process.
Answer: Non-flow process

53. It is a process in which there is a continuous and steady flow of a working substance.
Answer: Quasi-static process

54. What is the main principle behind the operation of an internal combustion engine
Answer: Conversion of thermal energy to mechanical work
55. In an internal combustion engine, what is the role of the piston?
Answer: To compress the air-fuel mixture and transfer
force

56. What type of fuel is primarily used in a Otto cycle engine?

Answer: Gasoline

57. Which of the following is a key component of the combustion chamber?

Answer: Valves

58. What occurs during the intake stroke of a four-stroke engine?

Answer: Air and fuel enter the cylinder

59. What is the function of a spark plug in a gasoline engine?

Answer: To ignite the air-fuel mixture

60. In a Diesel engine, the fuel is ignited by:

Answer: Nigh compression
temperature

61. What does the term ”compression ratio” refer to in an engine?

Answer: The ratio of the cylinder volume at bottom dead center to that at top dead center

62. What is one advantage of a diesel engine over a gasoline engine?

Answer: Nigher thermal efficiency

63. Which of the following cycles is utilized by a typical gasoline engine?

Answer: Otto cycle

64. What happens during the exhaust stroke of an internal combustion engine?
Answer: Exhaust gases are expelled from the cylinder

65. What is ”engine knock”?

Answer: Premature ignition of the fuel-air mixture

66. What is the purpose of the cooling system in an internal combustion engine?
Answer: To maintain optimal operating temperature

67. Which component regulates the mixture of air and fuel in an engine?
Answer: Carburetor or fuel injector

68. What is meant by the term ”thermal efficiency”?

Answer: The ability of the engine to convert heat to work

69. Now is power typically measured in an internal combustion engine?

Answer: Norsepower

70. What role do valves play in an internal combustion engine?

Answer: To control the flow of air and fuel into and out of the cylinder

71. Which cycle has the highest thermal efficiency among the common engine types?
Answer: Diesel cycle

72. What is the primary function of the crankshaft in an internal combustion engine?
Answer: To convert linear motion of the pistons into rotational motion

73. What is a common method for improving the performance of an internal combustion engine?
Answer: Using a higher octane fuel

74. What is the primary function of a single-stage compressor?

Answer: To compress gases

75. In a single-stage compressor, what is the typical pressure ratio achieved?

Answer: 2:1 to 10:1

76. Which type of compressor operates based on the principle of positive displacement?
Answer: Reciprocating compressor
77. What happens to the temperature of the gas as it is compressed in a single-stage compressor?
Answer: It increase

78. In the context of thermodynamics, what does the term ”adiabatic process” mean?
Answer: No heat exchange with the surroundings

79. What is the effect of increasing the inlet temperature of the gas on the efficiency of a single-stage compressor?
Answer: It decreases efficiency

80. Which equation is commonly used to estimate the work done by a single-stage compressor?
Answer: Work done = ( P2 - P1) * V

81. What is the purpose of the intercooler in a multi-stage compressor system?

Answer: To cool the gas between stages

82. Which thermodynamic cycle is most often associated with compressors?

Answer:Brayton cycle

83. What does the term ”volumetric efficiency” refer to in a compressor?

Answer: The ratio of actual to theoretical volume

84. What is a typical method of lubricating a reciprocating compressor?

Answer: Oil lubrication

85. In a single-stage centrifugal compressor, how is the kinetic energy converted into pressure energy?
Answer: Through diffusion

86. What is the primary advantage of a single-stage compressor over a multi-stage compressor?
Answer: Simpler design and lower cost

87. What is the common cause of surge in a centrifugal compressor?

Answer: Insufficient flow

88. What is the effect of compressor speed on the performance of a single-stage compressor?
Answer: Nigher speed increases capacity and pressure

89. Which type of compressor is generally more compact and lightweight?

Answer: Centrifugal compressor

90. What role do vanes play in a centrifugal compressor?

Answer: To guide and control airflow

91. What is the primary purpose of a multi-stage compressor?

Answer: To compress gases to higher pressures

92. What is a key advantage of using multi-stage compression over single-stage compression?
Answer: Nigher efficiency at high pressure ratios

93. In a multi-stage compressor, what is the role of the intercooler?

Answer: To cool the gas between compression stages

94. What is the common application for multi-stage compressors?

Answer: All of the choices

95. Which of the following is a common design for multi-stage compressors?

Answer: All of the choices

96. Now does a multi-stage compressor improve thermal efficiency?

Answer: By lowering the discharge temperature of the gas

97. What is the effect of increasing the number of stages in a multi-stage compressor?
Answer: Nigher discharge pressure

98. What thermodynamic cycle is commonly associated with multi-stage compressors?

Answer: Brayton cycle

99. What is the primary method of cooling in a multi-stage reciprocating compressor?

Answer: Water cooling

100. What is the primary benefit of using inter-stage cooling in multi-stage compressors?
Answer: Increases the volumetric efficiency
101. Which type of multi-stage compressor is best suited for high flow rates?
Answer: Centrifugal compressor

102. What happens to the gas as it moves through each stage of a multi-stage compressor?
Answer: Its pressure increases

103. What is the significance of the ”cut-off” point in a multi-stage compressor?

Answer: It marks the point of maximum efficiency

104. What type of fluid is commonly used in lubrication systems for multi-stage compressors?
Answer: Oil

105. What is the primary drawback of a multi-stage compressor compared to a single-stage compressor?
Answer: Increased complexity and cost

106. In terms of energy conversion, what does a multi-stage compressor primarily do?
Answer: Converts mechanical energy to pressure energy

107. Which of the following factors affects the performance of a multi-stage compressor?
Answer: All of the choices

108. What is the main purpose of discharge valves in a multi-stage compressor?

Answer: To prevent backflow of gas

109. What is a common failure mode for multi-stage compressors?

Answer: Overheating