DFD Assigments:

Exercise 1: Library Management System

Design a Data Flow Diagram (DFD) for a Library Management System. In this system, a Librarian
is responsible for managing the library's book inventory, including adding new books, updating
details of existing books, and removing books when necessary. Members of the library can search
for books based on various criteria, borrow books, and return them when they are done. The system
should maintain a record of all available books and members. Additionally, the librarian should be
able to view reports on the borrowing and returning activities of members. Create a Level 0 and
Level 1 DFD to illustrate these interactions.

Exercise 2: Online Shopping System

Create a Data Flow Diagram (DFD) for an Online Shopping System. In this system, a Customer
can browse through products available on the platform, add desired items to a shopping cart, and
proceed to place an order. Once the order is placed, the Order Management System processes it
and forwards the details to the Warehouse for packaging and dispatch. After the order is packaged,
the Inventory is updated to reflect the reduced stock, and the order is handed off for Delivery. The
system should also include a Payment System that handles the transaction from the customer. Draw
a Level 0 and Level 1 DFD to demonstrate the flow of information.

Exercise 3: Hospital Management System

Develop a Data Flow Diagram (DFD) for a Hospital Management System. In this system, Patients
can register for services, schedule appointments with Doctors, and make payments. Doctors can
access patient records, update medical information, and manage their appointment schedules. The
Reception desk is responsible for processing patient registrations and handling payments. The
system also integrates with the Pharmacy, where patients can obtain prescribed medications.
Create a Level 0 and Level 1 DFD to represent the flow of data between the various entities
involved in the hospital management process.

Exercise 4: University Enrollment System

Design a Data Flow Diagram (DFD) for a University Enrollment System. In this system, Students
can register for their courses, pay tuition fees, and view their academic records, such as grades and
transcripts. Professors use the system to manage their courses, including viewing enrolled students
and updating grades. The Administration oversees student records, course scheduling, and tuition
payments, ensuring that the university's operations run smoothly. The system also maintains a
database of all available Courses and Student Information. Create a Level 0 and Level 1 DFD to
model the interactions within the system.

Exercise 5: Restaurant Ordering System

Construct a Data Flow Diagram (DFD) for a Restaurant Ordering System. In this system,
Customers place their orders for food either at the restaurant or online. The Kitchen receives these
orders, prepares the food, and updates the Order Status to notify the customer when their food is
ready. Once the order is completed, the Cashier processes the payment. The system should also
maintain a Menu with the list of available dishes and manage the Inventory of ingredients to ensure
the kitchen is stocked. Design a Level 0 and Level 1 DFD to show how information flows through
the restaurant system.

Use case Assignments:

Exercise 1: Library Management System
Create a Use Case Diagram for a Library Management System. This system is used by
various actors including Librarians, Members, and the Admin. The Librarian is responsible
for managing the book collection. This includes adding new books, updating book details
(such as title, author, and availability), and deleting books that are no longer available in
the library. Additionally, the librarian can generate reports to monitor which books are
borrowed and by whom. Members can search the system to check the availability of books,
borrow books, and return borrowed books once they are done. The system automatically
updates the inventory and member records based on these activities. Admin oversees the
system by managing the librarian and member accounts, ensuring that only authorized
personnel can access certain features of the system. Create a detailed use case diagram
showing all the possible interactions and functionalities of this system.
Exercise 2: Online Shopping System
Develop a Use Case Diagram for an Online Shopping System. This system is used by three
main actors: Customers, Warehouse Staff, and Delivery Agents. The Customer can perform
several actions, such as browsing products, adding items to a shopping cart, updating the
cart, placing an order, and making payments. After the order is placed, the Warehouse Staff
processes the order by packaging the items. They also update the Inventory to ensure the
stock reflects the items that have been sold. Once the items are ready for shipping, the
Delivery Agent is notified and is responsible for delivering the product to the customer.
Additionally, Customers can track their orders and receive notifications about delivery
status. The system should include interactions with a Payment Gateway to securely handle
customer payments. Create a comprehensive use case diagram that illustrates how each
actor interacts with the system and the internal processes involved.
Exercise 3: Hospital Management System
Design a detailed Use Case Diagram for a Hospital Management System. The system is
used by various actors, including Patients, Doctors, Receptionists, Pharmacists, and
Administrators. Patients can register their information, book appointments with doctors,
view their medical history, and pay for hospital services. Doctors can view patient records,
update diagnoses, manage prescriptions, and schedule or reschedule appointments.
Receptionists manage patient registrations, appointments, and billing. The Pharmacy staff
dispense medications based on prescriptions from doctors, while updating the inventory to
reflect the availability of medications. The Administrator oversees the entire hospital
system, managing user accounts (patients, doctors, and staff), generating reports, and
ensuring the overall system's functionality. The system must ensure data security,
especially with sensitive medical information. Develop a detailed use case diagram
showing all the functionalities and interactions between the actors and the system.
Exercise 4: University Enrollment System
Create a Use Case Diagram for a University Enrollment System. This system is used by
various actors including Students, Professors, Registrar’s Office, and Financial
Administrators. Students can register for courses, drop or change courses, view the course
catalog, and check their academic records (including grades and transcripts). They can also
pay tuition fees through the system. Professors can manage their assigned courses, view
lists of enrolled students, and submit grades at the end of the semester. The Registrar’s
Office manages course scheduling, oversees the registration process, and handles student
records. They can approve or deny course changes and ensure students meet their degree
requirements. The Financial Administrator manages student payments, processes
scholarships, and generates billing reports. In addition, Students can view and pay their
bills online. The system must interact with a Course Database and a Student Information
System to store relevant data. Create a detailed use case diagram that shows the interactions
between all actors and the system’s various functionalities.
Exercise 5: Restaurant Ordering System
Develop a detailed Use Case Diagram for a Restaurant Ordering System. In this system,
Customers can browse the menu, place orders (both online and at the restaurant), and make
payments. Kitchen Staff receive the orders and prepare the dishes. Once prepared, the
system notifies the Waitstaff or Delivery Personnel (depending on whether the order is for
dine-in or delivery). Waitstaff serve the food for dine-in customers, while Delivery
Personnel deliver the food to customers who ordered online. Additionally, the Cashier
processes payments for dine-in customers, while the system integrates with a Payment
Gateway for online transactions. The Manager oversees restaurant operations, including
updating the menu, managing inventory, and generating reports on sales and customer
feedback. The system must manage inventory to ensure ingredients are available for the
kitchen, and it should notify the manager when stock is low. Create a comprehensive use
case diagram that shows all the possible interactions and functionalities between the actors
in the system.