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Transformer OLTC Optimization

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34 views

Transformer OLTC Optimization

Uploaded by

luhusapa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Transformer OLTC optimization:

Optimizing On-Load Tap Changers typically involves assessing different tap settings under varying
load conditions to minimize energy losses, improve system efficiency, and maintain voltage
stability. This process often includes simulation studies and analysis.
We want to consider the following general steps:
Power System Modeling:
Create a detailed model of your power system in ETAP, including transformers with On-Load Tap
Changers.

Load Flow Analysis:


Perform load flow studies to understand the steady-state conditions of the system under
different load scenarios.
Optimization Studies:
Use optimization features within ETAP or external optimization tools to find the optimal tap
settings for your transformers under various operating conditions.
Voltage Stability Analysis:
Assess the voltage stability of the system to ensure that the tap changer settings maintain
acceptable voltage levels.
Loss Analysis:

Evaluate energy losses associated with different tap positions and select settings that minimize
these losses.

Simulation and Validation:


Simulate the optimized settings and validate the results to ensure that the chosen tap positions
meet operational requirements.

Example:
Consider a system with grid voltage of 110 kV is connected to a transformer of 45 MVA,
110/11kV. Assume the grid voltage fluctuates from +10% to -15% and load varies from 12 MW to
35MW.
Objective – To identify OLTC range to regulate the voltage within +/- 5%.
Consider two worst case conditions as
Case 1: Maximum Grid Voltage with Minimum Load and

Case 2: Minimum Grid Voltage with Maximum Load.


Case1: Case2:

Tap is set at +2.6% Tap is set at -21.16%

In case 1 the OLTC on the positive side is set at 2.6% in order to bring the load bus voltage less than
105%.
In case 2 the OLTC on the negative side is set at -21.16% in order to boost the load bus voltage
more than 95%.
Transformer Tap Optimization:
Number of Taps = 1 + [(%Maximum Tap – %Minimum Tap) / %Step]
Maximum Tap = 2.6%

Minimum Tap = -21.16%


Step = 1.25%
Number of Taps = 1 + [(2.6-(-21.16) / 1.25)] = 20

Tap Settings

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