DESIGN OF STAIR CASE SPANNING LONGITUDINALLY

(Limit State Method as per IS 456-2000)

Name of Work: FROM 70.5 TO 74.0

Rise of the Step (Rise) 150.000 mm

Tread of the Step (Tread) 300.000 mm
Width of the Step (Width) 1.500 m
Span Length (L1) landing 1.500 m
Span Length (L2) stair 5.100 m
Span Length (L3) landing 1.900 m
Live Load (Lload) 4.000 kN/m2
Railing Load (Raiload) 0.500 kN/m
Finishes Load (Finload) 1.000 kN/m2
Effective Cover 25 mm
Grade of Concrete (M) 35
Grade of Steel (Fe) 500
Detailed Design of Stairs

Assuming the waist slab thickness approximately as 35-40 mm for every metre
longitudinal span.
Waist Slab thickness = (Wst) = 275 mm
Dead weight of Waist Slab on inclined area (Dlws) = Wst x 0.025
Dlws = 275 x 0.025 = 6.875 kN/m2
Dead weight of Waist slab on Horizontal area (Dlwsh) =
Dlws x SQRT(Rise2 + Tread2)/Tread =
6.875x SQRT(150^2 +300^2)/(300) = 7.686 kN/m2
Dead Weight of Steps (Dwsteps) = 0.5 x Rise x Conc Density =
Dwsteps = 0.5 x 150 x 25 / 1000 = 1.875 kN/m2
Live Load on the Stair Case (as per IS 875) = 4.000 kN/m2
Finishes Load on the Stair Case (if any) (Fin. Load = 1.000 kN/m2
Loading on Spans L1 and or L3 per metre run (Landing Portion) :
Wl1 = Wl3 = (Dlws + Lload + Finload) = (6.875 + 4 + 1) = 11.875 kN/m
Loading on Span L2 per metre run (Flight Portion)
Wl2 = ((Dlwsh+Dwsteps+Lload+Finload)xwidth + Raiload)/width
Wl2 = ((7.686 + 1.875 + 4 + 1) x 1.5 + 0.5) /1.5 = 14.894 kN/m
Loading Details on Stairs:
11.875 14.894 11.875

A L1 = 1.5 L2 = 5.1 L3 = 1.9 B

Ra 58.529 57.805 Rb
Reactions Ra and Rb
Taking moments of all forces about B
Ra x 8.5 = 11.875x1.5x(1.9+5.1+1.5x0.5) + 14.894x5.1(1.9+ 0.5x5.1) +11.875x1.9x0.5x1.9=
Ra x 4.8 = 497.50058 kN
Reaction at the support A = 58.529 kN
Rb = (11.875x1.5 + 14.894x5.1 + 11.875x1.9) - 58.529 = = 57.805 kN
Maximum BM Occurs at the point 'x' where SF is Zero or Changes its sign.
Point of Maximum Moment = 4.185 m
Max BM: 58.529 x 4.185 - 11.875 x 1.5 x (4.185-0.5x1.5) - 14.894 x 0.5 x (4.185 - 1.5)^2
= 130.071 kNm
Factored BM = 1.5 x 130.071 = 195.1065 kNm
Required Effective Depth from Bending Point of View:
Mu limit = 0.133 fck bd2
d (reqd) = Sqrt((Factored BM/(0.133 x fck) = Sqrt((195.1065 x 1e+03) /(0.133x 35))
d (reqd) = 204.727 mm However Provide an Effective depth of 226 mm
Provide an overall depth of 275 mm
Factor Mu/bd2 = 195.10651e+03/226^2 = 3.82
Required percentage of steel (pt) = 1.03 %
Area of Steel Required = 2327.8 mm2 135 mm c/c
However provided steel = 20 150 mm c/c %Ast prov = 0.926723
Ast Provided = 2094.3951 mm2 Modification Factor for Tensile steel = 0.805018
Allowable Span to effective depth = 16.100
Actual Span to effective depth = 527.939 Hence Unsafe
Provide 8 mm minimum distribution steel @ 0.12% of gross area = 301.2 mm2
Provide 8# @ 250 mm c/c
Y
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 DESIGN OF STAIR CASE SPANNING LONGITUDINALLY
(Limit State Method as per IS 456-2000)

Name of Work: FROM 74 to 78.5

Rise of the Step (Rise) 150.000 mm

Tread of the Step (Tread) 300.000 mm
Width of the Step (Width) 2.500 m
Span Length (L1) landing 2.900 m
Span Length (L2) stair 2.400 m
Span Length (L3) landing 1.500 m
Live Load (Lload) 4.000 kN/m2
Railing Load (Raiload) 1.000 kN/m
Finishes Load (Finload) 1.500 kN/m2
Effective Cover 25 mm
Grade of Concrete (M) 30
Grade of Steel (Fe) 500
Detailed Design of Stairs

Assuming the waist slab thickness approximately as 35-40 mm for every metre
longitudinal span.
Waist Slab thickness = (Wst) = 225 mm
Dead weight of Waist Slab on inclined area (Dlws) = Wst x 0.025
Dlws = 225 x 0.025 = 5.625 kN/m2
Dead weight of Waist slab on Horizontal area (Dlwsh) =
Dlws x SQRT(Rise2 + Tread2)/Tread =
5.625x SQRT(150^2 +300^2)/(300) = 6.289 kN/m2
Dead Weight of Steps (Dwsteps) = 0.5 x Rise x Conc Density =
Dwsteps = 0.5 x 150 x 25 / 1000 = 1.875 kN/m2
Live Load on the Stair Case (as per IS 875) = 4.000 kN/m2
Finishes Load on the Stair Case (if any) (Fin. Load = 1.500 kN/m2
Loading on Spans L1 and or L3 per metre run (Landing Portion) :
Wl1 = Wl3 = (Dlws + Lload + Finload) = (5.625 + 4 + 1.5) = 11.125 kN/m
Loading on Span L2 per metre run (Flight Portion)
Wl2 = ((Dlwsh+Dwsteps+Lload+Finload)xwidth + Raiload)/width
Wl2 = ((6.289 + 1.875 + 4 + 1.5) x 2.5 + 1) /2.5 = 14.064 kN/m

Loading Details on Stairs:

11.125 14.064 11.125

A L1 = 2.9 L2 = 2.4 L3 = 1.5 B

Ra 40.626 42.078 Rb
Reactions Ra and Rb
Taking moments of all forces about B
Ra x 6.8 = 11.125x2.9x(1.5+2.4+2.9x0.5) + 14.064x2.4(1.5+ 0.5x2.4) +11.125x1.5x0.5x1.5=
Ra x 4.8 = 276.2547 kN
Reaction at the support A = 40.626 kN
Rb = (11.125x2.9 + 14.064x2.4 + 11.125x1.5) - 40.626 = = 42.078 kN
Maximum BM Occurs at the point 'x' where SF is Zero or Changes its sign.
Point of Maximum Moment = 3.598 m
Max BM: 40.626 x 3.598 - 11.125 x 2.9 x (3.598-0.5x2.9) - 14.064 x 0.5 x (3.598 - 2.9)^2
= 73.447 kNm
Factored BM = 1.5 x 73.447 = 110.1705 kNm
Required Effective Depth from Bending Point of View:
Mu limit = 0.133 fck bd2
d (reqd) = Sqrt((Factored BM/(0.133 x fck) = Sqrt((110.1705 x 1e+03) /(0.133x 30))
d (reqd) = 166.168 mm However Provide an Effective depth of 180 mm
Provide an overall depth of 225 mm
Factor Mu/bd2 = 110.17051e+03/180^2 = 3.4
Required percentage of steel (pt) = 0.925 %
Area of Steel Required = 1665 mm2 121 mm c/c
However provided steel = 16 100 mm c/c %Ast prov = 1.117011 %
Ast Provided = 2010.619 mm2 Modification Factor for Tensile steel = 0.972461
Allowable Span to effective depth = 19.449
Actual Span to effective depth = 349.628 Hence Unsafe
Provide 8 mm minimum distribution steel @ 0.12% of gross area = 270 mm2
Provide 8# @ 200 mm c/c
Design of Landing Slab: total 36.516 kN/m2
40.626 kN 11.125 kN/m2 40.626 kN
S1= 1.6
S2= 1.6

A 1.6 1.6 B
Ra 58.426 3.2 58.000 Rb
Reactions Ra and Rb
Taking moments of all forces about B
Ra x 3.2 = 36.51625x3.2x(3.2x0.5)=
Ra x 3.2 = 186.9632 kN
Reaction at the support A = 58.426 kN
Rb = = 58.000 kN
Maximum BM Occurs at the point 'x' where SF is Zero or Changes its sign.
Max BM: = 46.7408 kNm
Factored BM = 1.5 x 46.741 = 70.1112 kNm
Required Effective Depth from Bending Point of View:
Mu limit = 0.133 fck bd2
d (reqd) = Sqrt((Factored BM/(0.133 x fck) = Sqrt((70.1112 x 1e+03) /(0.133x 500))
d (reqd) = 132.558 mm However Provide an Effective depth of 180 mm
Provide an overall depth of 225 mm
Factor Mu/bd2 = 70.11121e+03/180^2 = 2.16
Required percentage of steel (pt) = 0.548 %
Area of Steel Required = 986.4 mm2 204 mm c/c
However provided steel = 16 150 mm c/c %Ast prov = 0.744674 %
Ast Provided = 1340.413 mm2 Modification Factor for Tensile steel = 1.201699
Allowable Span to effective depth = 24.034
Actual Span to effective depth = 133.145 Hence Safe
Provide 8 mm minimum distribution steel @ 0.12% of gross area = 270 mm2
Provide 8# @ 200 mm c/c

Design of ROOF Slab: total 37.424 kN/m2

42.078 kN 11.125 kN/m2 42.078 kN
S1= 0.75
S2= 0.75

A 0.75 0.75 B
Ra 28.068 1.5 28.000 Rb
Reactions Ra and Rb
Taking moments of all forces about B
Ra x 1.5 = 37.42375x1.5x(1.5x0.5)=
Ra x 3.2 = 42.10172 kN
Reaction at the support A = 28.068 kN
Rb = = 28.000 kN
Maximum BM Occurs at the point 'x' where SF is Zero or Changes its sign.
Max BM: = 10.52543 kNm
Factored BM = 1.5 x 10.525 = 15.78814 kNm
Required Effective Depth from Bending Point of View:
Mu limit = 0.133 fck bd2
d (reqd) = Sqrt((Factored BM/(0.133 x fck) = Sqrt((15.78814453125 x 1e+03) /(0.133x kN))
d (reqd) = 62.904 mm However Provide an Effective depth of 180 mm
Provide an overall depth of 200 mm
Factor Mu/bd2 = 15.788144531251e+03/180^2 0.49
Required percentage of steel (pt) = 0.114 %
Area of Steel Required = 205.2 mm2 980 mm c/c
However provided steel = 16 150 mm c/c %Ast prov = 0.744674 %
Ast Provided = 1340.413 mm2 Modification Factor for Tensile steel = 3.473047
Allowable Span to effective depth = 69.461
Actual Span to effective depth = 21.595 Hence Safe
Provide 8 mm minimum distribution steel @ 0.12% of gross area = 270 mm2
Provide 8# @ 200 mm c/c