Scribd
Upload
44 views19 pages

Modern CPU

Uploaded by

dev.vssm
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
44 views19 pages

Modern CPU

Uploaded by

dev.vssm
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

Modern CPUs

Understanding Modern CPU Architecture:


▪ The Central Process Unit is usually referred to as "The Brain" of the
computer. The CPU is at the heart of all data interpretation and processing
operations in a computer.

▪ The CPU contains three major components: memory, control unit, and the
ALU(arithmetic and logic unit).

▪ The modern CPU architecture is implemented on ICs(Integrated Circuits),


with one or two single metal-oxide-semiconductor IC chips.
• Memory: A memory component for storing data and instructions
• Central Processing Unit: for decoding and executing instructions
• Inputs/Outputs: and a set of inputs and output interfaces

A microprocessor is an integrated circuit containing a CPU, responsible


for executing instructions in a computer. The CPU is the core processing unit,
handling computations and control functions.

• A chip's architecture determines where its parts are located and


connected, how it connects with other parts of the computer, and much
more.
• A processor’s architecture determines how many transistors it has, and
therefore the processor’s power
• A processor includes many other features that affect its performance. For
example, a processor’s performance is affected by the number of bits of data
it can process at any one time.
• In 2003 American Micro Devices (AMD) released a new generation of
desktop PC processor that can handle 64 bits of data.

• A 64-bit processor refers to a microprocessor that can process data and


instructions in chunks of 64 bits.
Look Inside the CPU:
• Architecture:
Determines
• Location Of CPU.
• Bit size
• determines how many transistors it has
Intel:
• Intel is historically the leading provider of chips for PCs.
• 1971, Intel invented the microprocessor the so-called computer on a
chip—with the 4004 model.
• IBM pc powered by intel 8086.
• Current processors:
a) Xeon.
b) Core i7, i5, i3
c) Pentium.
Microcomputer Processors:
• Advanced Micro Devices(AMD)
• Main competitor to intel.
• Originally produced budget products
• Current products outperform Intel
• Current processors
Opteron.
FX.
Athlon.
Freescale:
▪ A Subsidiary of Motorola.
▪ Co-Developed the Apple G4 PowerPC
▪ Currently focus on linux Market
IBM:

▪ Historically manufactured mainframes.


▪ Partnered with Apple to develop G5
First Consumer 64 bit
Comparing Processors:

• Speed of processor.
• Size of cache.
• Number of registers.
• Bit size.
• Speed of side bus.
Advanced Processor Topics:
• RISC Processors
Reduced Instruction Set Computing.
Smaller instruction sets.
May process data faster.
PowerPC and G5.

• CISC Processors
Complex Instruction Sets Computing.
Large instruction sets.
More Applications.
IBM Compatible.
Parallel Processing
Multiple processors in a system.
Symmetric Multiple Processing
• Number of processors is a power of 2.

Massively Parallel Processing.


• Thousands of processors.
Standard computer port:
• Keyboard and mouse ports.
• USB ports.
• Parallel ports.
• Network ports.
• Modem ports.
• Audio ports.
• Serial ports.
• Video ports.
Extending The Processors Power
• SCSI
❑ Small Computer System Interface.
❑ Supports of dozens of devices.
❑ External devices daisy chain.
❑ Fast hard drives and CD-ROMs.
USB
Universal Serial Bus.
Most popular external.
Supports up to 127 devices.
Hot swappable.
FireWire:
IEEE 1884
Cameras and video equipment.
Hot swappable.
Port is very expensive.
Expansion slots and boards:

Allows users to configure the machine.


Slots allow the addition new devices
Devices are stored on cards.
Computer must be off before inserting.
Plug and play:

New hardware detected automatically .


Prompts to install drives.
Non-technical users can install devices.

You might also like