l MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE ON CHAPTER 3 I

Prove that:
1t 91t 31t ,- , 5n
1. 2 cos 13 cos 13 + cos 13 + cos 13 = 0
2. (sin 3x + sin x) sin x + (cos 3x- cos x) cos x = 0
.~ I .-.,. •

, xty
2 2
3. (cos x +.cos y) 2 + (sin x - sin y) = 4 cos - 2-

. x-v
4. (cos-s - cos y) 2 +. (sin x - sin y) 2 = 4 sin
2
2-
Solution to questions 1-4:
, 9it 3n 51t
. .. = 2 cos 13
1. LHS 1t cos 13 +cos 13 +cos 13
I

101t 81t 31t - 51t

-cos - +cos - +cos - +cos -
- 13 · 13 13 13
[ ·: 2 cos A ~os B cos (A + B) + cos (A- B)J =
l(.
_ _ _:.= cos13+cos 13
101t 31t) (
+ cos 13 +cos 13
81t · 51t)

. 1t· . 71t 1t 31t

=2cos
2 cos 26
+2cos 2 cos 26

. . n ( 71t 31t)
= 2 cos 2 cos 26_+cos 26

. (.
=Ox cos26+cos26 .
71t 'an)
= 0 = R.H.S
. 2. L.H.S'. (sin 3x + sin x) sin x + (cos 3x - cos x) cos x
= sin 3x sin x + sin2 x + cos 3x cos x ·_ cos2 x
= (cos 3x cos x + sin 3x sin x) - (cos 2 x - sin2 x)
' • "I ' •

= cos (3x - x) - cos 2x

= cos 2x - cos 2x = O= RH.S
3. L.H.S. = (cos x + cos y)2 + _(sin x - sin y) 2

, · XTY
·x-J
= 2cos--cos-
· (. - .
2 :2
··J2 + l _
.
· •x+ x- J2
2cos-1'.sin-1'.
2 2

x+·y . x-y x+y x-y

= 4 cos 2 cos2 -- + 4 cos 2 -- sin 2 - -
. .2 2 2 2

X J
. = 4 cos' 2 ' -X+y ·( cos2·-=-+sin 2 x-y )
2 . 2 2
' ' • ' . .: v
= 4 cos 2
x+y x-y :x-y ]
l,
-
2 ' x..,1 .[·:cos2-2-+si~2-2_=l

= 4 cos 2 -~+y
2
 '. L.fl.S. = (cos x - cos y)2 + (sin x _ sin y'r
4
2
. x+y
= - 2 s1n- .-sm-. x-yJ
.-2 ( ·
x+y . x-yj2
( J 2 ·, + 2 cos--sm--
. 2 ·2 .
) .
x+y • 2 x-y x+y
= 4 sin2 -- sm -2- + 4 cos2 -2- sm. i· -
x-y
-
2 . • 2
1l

· =· 4 sin2 x-y- (sin2 x+y +cos2 x+y)

-. , I ,2 2f• 2
' •,• - M:. •

= 4 sin2 x-y [
·:sin2 x+y +cos2 ~+y
2 2
=11
2
Prove that:
5. sin x + si~-3x + sin 5x + sin 7x ;= 4 cos x cos 2,x sin 4x
6. jsin_?x~-sin5x)~(sin9x+sin3x) = tan 6x
(COS 7 X + cos5x ~+ (cos9x + COS 3.x)

7. sin 3x + si~ 2x - sih x =·4 sin x cos .'.·2~ cos Sx

2
Solution to Questions 5-7 :
5. L.H.S. = sin x + sin 3x + sin 5x, + sin 7x
= (sin 7x + sin x) + (sin 5x + sin 3x)
7x+x ,"fx-x , . ·5x+3x 5x-3x
2
= 2 sin -2- cos ,-·- 2.- ; + sin -2. cos - 2 .

·= 2 sin 4x cos 3x + 2 sin 4x cos x

1 = 2 sin-4x (cos 3x + cos x]
3x+x 1 3x-x
= 2 sin 4x . 2 cos 2 co~
I
= 4 sin 4x. cos 2x. cos _x ',,,
= 4 cos x cos 2x . sin 4x
(sin 7x+sin5x)'+(~i~9x.+sin3x)
6. L.H.S. = (c~s7x+cos5x)+(cos9x+cos3x)
7x+5x 7x e= 5x b .. 9x+3x 9x-3x
2
2 s i n - c o s - + sm ~ c o s ~
2 2L-.----'"-.c---:::--=-;;-
= ----7 x+~7x-5x 9x+3x 9x-3x
2cos-cos-+2cos- 2 - c o s~
2 2
 2sin6x cosx+2sin6xcos~ '
= ·2cos'6xcosx+2cos6xcos3x
)

;in6x(cosx+cos,3x) = 'sin {!~ =tan 6x =R.H.S

= cos6x(cosx+cos3x) cos6x
,1,, = ·· :• 1 ·-= . 3x 3x]
. ', • [·:sin3x'=2sm-cos-
=
7. L.H.S. sin: 3x + (sm 2x - sm x)
,
2 2
·r
,1 . ; t\ h

I • 3X 3X ' 2.x+X • 2x-x

·
= 2. SID 2 cos -
2 + 2. cos .-:--
2 sm
I ;· I ::

··' ' , ··r: 3x 3x · 3~, · ·n· -~ '

= 2 sin
2 -' cos
2 + 2 'cos SI 2 2
. i;

3x X
2_,, 2 .
.2 .
,, . ,,
3x X
= 4 cos - · ,: sin ·f cos I •

··' 2, . - '·.; ? i:
f,_,_,. x · ~3x
=·4 sin v cos - cos ~ .
'. 2 2
X X X ' · · .
Find sin , cos -2 aµd tan
2 in eac]l .o f the following
2
problems:
4 . d -
8. tan x = - , x m qua ,rant,--11,
3 I !

. qua' dra..n
. 1 ,x m »t III.
9. cos· x = -
3
1 .
10. sin x = ,x in quadrant II.
4
 1ienw·
(ti t
· to questions 8-10:
,olllfions
s ·nce x lies in the second quadrant
S l .
· cos x is negative .

~l:16 =-
-1 1 ·3
· "'st = .Ji+\an'-; = -
,9

NOW, x lies in 2nd quadrant.

1t 1t _ X 1t
2· 4 2 2
"f

lies in first quadrant.

. .x X X
sm - , cos and tan - are positive.
2 2 2

X
cos - =+
2

. •, ,·.~5+3 .
• x = ~1-cosx = - ~= = 5
sm 2 . 2
'
, 2x5

l , , J

X
tan --
2

9. cos x = 2 cos2 - 1
2
-1 !, - X
or · - = 2 <;0S2 - - 1
3 I '2
 or 2
= 2 cos 2
3 2
X ,1
cos =± .
2
Since X lies in quadrant III.
180° < X < 270°
X
90° < - < 135°
2

or . x lies in quadrant II.

2

cos~ <0
2 ,- I •J< • t ., J

X -1
cos 2 =

·I Sl·n
2
-: ··Rx
-x ,., -_ ·-
-1- 1-cos2 -2
.

sin {i) JI =

t~n ( i] ='-

sm ; = JI, cos ; = 1s , i J t ~n ( =- fi
1
10. sin x =
4

cos x = ± J1-sin 2 x
Since x lies in quad rant II
cosx<O

cosx = - --
~JIB
4

But sin~=+
2 - 2 =±
. 2

1'
-- -± .....____; '
. -
But x lies in quad rant II ,,

$ X $ 180° ~45° $ < 900

., . ' 2 -

sin (~) > 0 sin =

2 . 2

Also cos = ±

But cos > 0 for 45·0 <.9·0··0

2 - 2 -

X _
cos -
2 - . 2/2

4-M
X
tan 2 =

2= ../2 , cos _-2 =

X X
sin ,
2
tan
X J4+JI5 ., . ;. J

2 =
J4-Ji5

= X

= 4!Fii 1