cHNICAL TERMS ALIGNMENT - Is the relation of parts of the whole of writing or line of individual letters in words to 1. the baseline. It is the alignment of words or the relative alignment of letters. ANGULAR FORMS ~ Sharp, straight strokes that are made by stopping the pen and changing * Girection before continuing [ARCADE FORMS ~ Forms that look like arches rounded on the top and open at the bottom. CHARACTERISTICS - any property or mark which distinguishes and in document examination 4 commonly called to as the identifying details. COLLATION - side by side comparison; collation as used in this text means the critical comparison on side by side examination. COMPARISON - the act of setting two or more items side by side to weigh their identifying qualities: itrefers not only a visual but also the mental act in which the element of one item are related to the counterparts of the other. DISGUISED WRITING - A writer may deliberately try to alter his usual writing habits in hopes of * fiding his identity. The results, regardless of their effectiveness are termed disguised writing 8, DOWNSTROKE — The movement of the pen toward the writer. 9 FORM - The writer's chosen writing style. The way the writing looks, whether it is copybook, elaborated, simplified or printed. 40. GARLAND FORMS - A cup-like connected form that is open at the top and rounded on the bottom. 41, GESTALT — The German word that means “complete” or “whole”. A good gestalt needs nothing added or taken away to make it “look right". Also a school of handwriting analysis that looks at handwnting as a whole picture. 12, GRAPHOANALYSIS - the study of handwriting based on the two fundamental strokes, the curve and the straight strokes. 13. GRAPHOMETRY - analysis by comparison and measurement. 14, GRAPHOLOGY - the art of determining character disposition and amplitude of a person from the study of handwriting, It also means the scientific study and analysis of handwriting, especially with reference to forgeries and questioned documents. 15. HANDLETTERING. Any disconnected style of writing in which each letter is written separately; also called handprinting. 16. LETTER SPACE - The amount of space left between letters. 17. LINE DIRECTION — Movement of the baseline. May slant up, down, or straight across the page. 18. LINE QUALITY - the overall character of the ink lines from the beginning to the ending strokes. There are two classes: Good Line quality and Poor Line quality. The visible records in the written Stroke of the basic movements and manner of holding the writing instrument is characterized by the term ‘line quality’. It is derived from a combination of actors including writing skill, speed thythm, freedom of movements, shading and pen position. 19. LINE SPACE — The amount of space left between lines. 20. MANUSCRIPT WRITING. A disconnected form of script or semi-script writing. This type of - writing is taught in young children in elementary schools as the first step in learning to write. ’ MARGINS — The amount of space left around the writing on all four sides, 22.MICROSco} ion which i cope ; PIC EXAMINATION - Any study or examination which is made with the micros Mother to discover minute details— It embraces alll the factors which element in handwriting. ion, rhythi ary _ pris an important Ger ment skill, speed freedom, hesitate mI yt hm, empha i; jmabon of the weiting TS the writing instrumen han tke. The manne! and the ecuted normally without any attempt t0 cont pole am i 1 of writing ~ any specimel al qualily or execution _m ‘ener ts ienntying habits are normal or usual deviations foun' tween. repeatey ‘TION - These are. 10 pany individual NaNEWTHN ne pen against the paper surfaces. When q, EMPHASIS - The acto! intermittent tore shading, but with more rigid writing points heayy has ty, this ting Sout any evidence of shading; the act intermittently toran! pen-point has fewbalty. 0S. ponieroness, pape wih crease Pressure the pen the pat grasps the barrel of the pen and the angle at which he PEN HOLD — The place where the writer a. _— int and the paper. POSITION - relationship between the pen po! | —— : z force with which the pen contacts the paper. Pen pressure ag at PRESSURE |e seats with oenatyal of average force involved in the writing rather than, opposed to pen period increases. ie PRNTSCRIPT ‘Acreative combination of printing and cursive writing = : II and the short letter is referred as to the. - the relation between the tal the 34. PROPORTION or RATIO ee a descrnigsti 5 QUALITY. liar character. Also, “quality” is used in describing handwriting to * refer to any si eryng factor t that is related to the writing movement itself. ovement which is marked by regular or periodic 33-RHYTHM - The element of the writing mi n rke c ; ‘Reumances. It may be classed as smooth, intermittent, or jerky in its quality; the flourishing Succession of motion which are recorded in a written record. Periodicity, alternation of movement 34, SHADING - Is the widening of the ink strokes due to the added pressure on a flexible pen poin, or to the use of a stub pen. 35. SIGNIFICANT WRITING HABIT — Any characteristic of handwriting that is sufficiently uncommon and well fixed to serve as a fundamental point in the identification. 36. SIMPLIFICATION — Eliminating extra or superfluous strokes from the copybook model. 37. SIZE — May refer to the overall size of the writing or the proportions between zones. 38. SKILL - In any set there are relative degrees or ability or skill and a specimen of handwriting) usually contains evidence of the writer's proficiency; degree, ability, or skill of a write proficiency “39. SLOPE/SLANT - the angle or inclination of the axi i it axis of the letters relative to the baseline. The are three classes: Siant to the left; Slant to the right; and Vertical Slant. 40. SI z ‘ ‘a ea eoeen The personal pace at which the writer's pen moves across the paper. . (SPEEDY) WRITING - Not everyone writes at the same rate so that consideration ? th it Bia n le speed of writing may be a significant identifying element. Writing speed cannot be measu! precisely from the fini a or rapid, ' finished handwriting but can be interpreted in broad terms of slow, moders™ 42. SYSTEM re (OF WRITING) - The combination of the basic design of letters and the writing mover as taught in school make u; iti c p the writ iti : 43. TENSION - Th le degree of force exerted on the pen compared to the degree of relaxationFORM — An indefinite connective form that looks flat and wavy, 4“ THRE The degree to which the writing varies from the copybook model 15. VA REN The act or process of changing IN " ape — The amount of space left between words. CONDITION - Both the circumstances under which the writing was prepared and th WRITING Trencing the writer's ability to write at the time of execution “it includes the writer's ‘actor (siting, standing, abed, etc.), the paper support and backing, and the writing instrument; geting aity may be modified by the condition of the writer's health newvouc state, or degree of inoxication \WRONG-HANDED WRITING. Any writing executed with the opposite hand ti : oie as ‘with the awkward hand.” It is one Means of disguise. Thus, he wan ay on, handed person which has been executed with his left hand aceon fortis class of disguise as “left-hand writing” nla for the co §9,WRITING IMPULSE - The result of the pen touchin page, unl itis raised from the paper. '9 down on the paper and moving across the mmon terminology