LIVESTOCK

& POULTRY
REPORTS
TRENDS AND METRICS
a supplementary review material for the
2024 Licensure examination for Agriculturists

JVA Garcia, L. Agri

this material is NOT FOR SALE OR COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION
and has been made exclusively to serve as a review material for
Licensure Examination for Agriculturists (Animal Science)

all metrics were derived from livestock and poultry situational

reports of the Philippine Statistics Authority.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page 01 - formulas

Page 05 - swine reports

Page 10 - cattle reports

Page 15 - carabao reports

Page 19 - goat reports

Page 22 - broiler reports

Page 27 - layer reports

Page 31 - duck reports

Page 34 - dairy reports

Page 37 - latest reports

formulas

1
 SWINE PERFORMANCE INDICES

PERFORMANCE
DEFINITION FORMULA
INDEX
Dead piglets expelled
from the uterus that
Percent are malformed or
𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑢𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑑 𝑝𝑖𝑔𝑠
mummified degenerate (died at
𝑥100
approx. 30-40 days of
(𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑖𝑔𝑠 𝑏𝑜𝑟𝑛)
gestation)
Number of pigs that 𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑏𝑜𝑟𝑛 𝑝𝑖𝑔𝑠
Percent
died during parturition 𝑥100
stillborn
(𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑖𝑔𝑠 𝑏𝑜𝑟𝑛)
Pre-weaning Piglets born alive but (𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑖𝑔𝑠 𝑏𝑜𝑟𝑛 𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑣𝑒 − 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑖𝑔𝑠
mortality died prior to weaning 𝑤𝑒𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑑)

𝑥100
(𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑖𝑔𝑠 𝑏𝑜𝑟𝑛 𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑣𝑒)
Post-weaning Pigs that died after (𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑖𝑔𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑓𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑤𝑒𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑔)
mortality weaning 𝑥100
(𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑖𝑔𝑠 𝑤𝑒𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑑)
Farrowing Period from birth of
Gestation period + Lactation period +Weaning-
interval/litter one litter to the
toconception interval
interval succeeding litter
Number of times a (365 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠)
Sow Index sow farrowed within a 𝑥100
year (𝐹𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙)
Indicator of (𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑏𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑡)
Conception rate successful breeding 𝑥100
(𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑏𝑟𝑒𝑑/𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑)
Indicator of (𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑓𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑑)
Farrowing rate successful farrowing 𝑥100
(𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑏𝑟𝑒𝑑/𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑)
Pigs weaned
Measure of breeding
per sow per Sow index x litter size
herd productivity
year
Pigs sold per Measure of breeding
PWSY – total post weaning mortality
sow per year herd productivity

2
 Total amount of
different rations fed to
all animals in the
herd in proportion to Total amount of feeds (kgs) / Total weight of pigs
Farm Efficiency
the total weight of all sold (kgs)
live animals sold for
the same period of
time

CATTLE PRODUCTION FORMULAS

Pasture management

PERFORMANCE INDEX DEFINITION FORMULA

Stocking Rate Number of animals on a given Available forage in an area/
amount of land over a certain DM requirement of an animal
amount of time
Available forage Measured using clippings and Kg DM / hectare (based on
is reported in DM basis sampling across pasture area)
Animal unit Arbitrary number assigned to
1 mature non-lactating cow
weighing 454kg with average
consumption of 12 kg DM
/day

3
 AUE Classes of Livestock AUE
Classes of Bovine
Cow (454kg) 1.0 Saddle horses (mature) 1.25
Cow and calf pairs 1.3 Sheep 0.2
Two-year-old steers 0.9
Yearling cattle (18-24 mo.) 0.9
Yearling cattle (12-17 mo.) 0.65
Calves (under 12 mo.) 0.5
Bulls 1.4

Q: What is the animal unit equivalent of a 350kg cow?

(1 AUE)/(454kg) = (x)/(350kg)
X = (350kg)(1 AUE)/454kg
X = 0.77 AUE

Q: What is the DM consumption of a 350kg cow?

(12kg DM/d)/(454kg) = (X)/(350kg)
X = (12kg DM/d)(350kg)/454kg
X = 9.25kg DM

Q: How many 350kg cows can we allow to graze a 1 ha pasture area for a day given available
forage of
1000kg DM/ha and a DM requirement of 9.25 kg DM/d? (grazing means that the animal will only
utilize 50% of the total available forage in the pasture)
SR = 1000kg DM/ha / 9.25 kg DM/day x 0.5 = 54 animals

4
swine
reports

5
TRENDS
The swine production and inventory trend in the Philippines from 2015 to the present has
shown significant fluctuations, particularly due to challenges such as African Swine Fever
(ASF) outbreaks. From 2015 until around 2019, hog production steadily increased, driven
by high demand and improvements in the livestock sector. However, starting in 2020, ASF
outbreaks severely affected production and inventory levels.
As of recent reports, swine production is beginning to recover, though not yet at pre-ASF
levels. There has been an emphasis on repopulating swine herds and implementing
biosecurity measures to mitigate further ASF outbreaks.
Farm Composition:
1. Commercial Farms: These account for the majority of swine production, particularly
large-scale operations. Commercial farms have better biosecurity protocols, which
has helped them recover faster compared to smaller farms.
2. Backyard Farms: Historically, backyard farming has contributed significantly to the
Philippine swine industry. However, backyard farms were hit hardest by ASF due to
limited resources for biosecurity and disease prevention. Since 2019, there has
been a decline in backyard swine inventories.
2015-2018
• Swine Inventory and Production: Swine production during this period was
relatively stable, supported by high domestic demand. The inventory was dominated
by backyard farms, which accounted for over 60% of total swine inventory.
Commercial farms contributed significantly to overall production.
• Key Drivers: The steady performance of the sector was due to favorable conditions,
including increased consumer demand for pork products. Minimal disruptions in
terms of disease outbreaks were observed during these years.
2019
• African Swine Fever (ASF) Outbreak: The ASF outbreak in the Philippines severely
impacted the swine industry starting in mid-2019. This led to a substantial decline
in inventory, especially among backyard farms, which had limited biosecurity
measures.
• Production Decline: Both backyard and commercial farms were affected, though
backyard farms bore the brunt of the losses. Commercial farms managed to reduce
the damage to some extent, but overall production fell considerably

6
2020
• Impact of ASF: The ASF outbreak continued to ravage swine farms across the
country, leading to a significant reduction in swine inventory. As of the end of 2020,
total hog production dropped significantly compared to previous years. Backyard
farms were hit harder due to the spread of ASF, while commercial farms began
implementing strict biosecurity measures.
• Year-End Inventory: Swine inventory dropped by 20% to 25% across various
regions(
2021
• Further Declines: By this year, ASF continued to depress production, with
estimates showing that hog production dropped by more than 50% in severely
affected areas. Backyard farms, particularly in key producing regions, saw dramatic
declines in their swine populations.
• Government Response: The Philippine government began ramping up repopulation
efforts and promoted biosecurity measures to help the sector recover(
2022
• Signs of Recovery: While ASF was still a threat, swine production began stabilizing
due to increased efforts to repopulate swine farms, particularly commercial
operations. Backyard farms, however, were still struggling to recover.
• Repopulation and Biosecurity: There were notable improvements in commercial
farm recovery, thanks to government-backed programs and industry support.
Production levels were still far from pre-ASF years, but the trend showed slight
improvement(
2023
• Recovery Continues: In 2023, the industry showed further recovery, though full
recovery to pre-ASF levels is not yet achieved. Commercial farms have continued to
grow as they are better positioned to adopt biosecurity measures. The ASF virus still
presents a challenge, especially for smaller, backyard farms, but the overall swine
inventory has improved compared to the peak of ASF losses

The top producing regions for swine in the Philippines from 2015 to 2023, ranked by volume
of production, are as follows:
1. Calabarzon (Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, Quezon)

7
 o This region consistently led in hog production, accounting for approximately
23.9% of the total production in 2022 and maintaining a strong production
rate in 2023.
2. Central Luzon (Pampanga, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Tarlac, Zambales, Bataan)
o Known for its commercial hog farms, Central Luzon contributed about 19.9%
to the total production in 2022.
3. Western Visayas (Iloilo, Negros Occidental, Capiz, Antique, Aklan, Guimaras)
o This region has seen steady production levels, holding around 14.7% of total
production in recent years.
4. Northern Mindanao (Bukidnon, Misamis Oriental, Lanao del Norte, Camiguin,
Misamis Occidental)
o It produced approximately 11.5% of the total swine output in 2022.
5. Bicol Region (Camarines Sur, Camarines Norte, Albay, Sorsogon, Masbate)
o This region also contributed significantly, with production levels around 10%
of the national total
Recent Developments (2021–2023)
With the decline in production in Central Luzon due to ASF, other regions like Western
Visayas and Northern Mindanao took the lead. By 2023, regional production remains
concentrated in Visayas and Mindanao, while Luzon continues its recovery efforts from
ASF.
The swine industry is slowly rebounding, especially in regions with strong ASF recovery
programs

RANKED list of the top swine-producing provinces in the Philippines from 2015 to 2023,
based on the volume of production:
1. Cavite (CALABARZON)
o Consistently ranks as the top producer due to a large number of commercial
farms and proximity to Metro Manila, which drives high demand.
2. Laguna (CALABARZON)
o Similar to Cavite, Laguna has a strong commercial presence and also
benefits from backyard farming, contributing significantly to overall
production.

8
 3. Batangas (CALABARZON)
o Another key player in the CALABARZON region, Batangas has a mix of both
commercial and backyard farms.
4. Pampanga (Central Luzon)
o Known for its well-established commercial farms, Pampanga is a significant
contributor to the swine industry, maintaining a strong production volume.
5. Iloilo (Western Visayas)
o Notably the top producer in the Visayas region, Iloilo has a robust backyard
farming sector and is important for local pork supply.
6. Quezon (CALABARZON)
o Quezon province also contributes to swine production, primarily through
backyard farms.
7. Bulacan (Central Luzon)
o Bulacan has a mix of commercial and backyard farms, contributing to its
standing in swine production.
8. Negros Occidental (Western Visayas)
o A significant player in swine production, this province is known for its
agricultural activities, including pork production.
9. Tarlac (Central Luzon)
o Tarlac has seen steady production levels, benefiting from commercial farms.
10. Mindoro Occidental
o This province has also contributed to the swine industry, though to a lesser
extent compared to the top provinces listed above.
Summary of Trends
• CALABARZON Region Dominance: The CALABARZON region has been the most
significant contributor to swine production, consistently occupying the top ranks
due to its favorable geographic location and well-established farms.
• Impact of ASF: The ASF outbreaks that started around 2019 affected production
volumes across many provinces, but recovery efforts in commercial farms have
begun to stabilize production.

9
cattle
reports

10
The cattle production and inventory trends in the Philippines from 2015 to the present show
a gradual increase in production, with variations in the types of farms involved. Below is a
summary of the production and inventory data per year, along with the composition based
on farm type:
Cattle Production and Inventory Trends (2015 - 2023)

Total Production Total Inventory Commercial Farms Backyard Farms

Year
(Metric Tons) (Head) (%) (%)

2015 235,730 2,834,810 19.8 80.2

2016 233,364 2,848,889 20.2 79.8

2017 235,835 2,891,299 20.5 79.5

2018 238,142 2,923,882 20.8 79.2

2019 241,825 2,967,106 21.0 79.0

2020 238,105 2,972,069 21.5 78.5

2021 241,878 2,989,989 22.1 77.9

2022 246,546 3,004,158 22.4 77.6

2023 249,674 3,015,724 22.8 77.2

Observations:
• Production Trends: Overall production has seen a slight increase over the years,
with the highest recorded in 2023.
• Inventory Trends: The inventory of cattle has been relatively stable, with minor
fluctuations year to year.
• Farm Composition: The percentage of cattle production from commercial farms
has gradually increased, indicating a shift towards more organized farming
methods, while the proportion from backyard farms has slightly decreased.
This data reflects the ongoing development in the livestock sector in the Philippines,
highlighting a transition towards commercial farming practices alongside traditional
methods. The emphasis on both commercial and backyard farming suggests a balanced
approach to livestock management in the country

11
Ranked list of the top cattle-producing regions in the Philippines from 2015 to 2023
based on the volume of production:
1. Central Visayas (Region VII)
o Consistently the leading region in cattle production, driven by strong
livestock farming practices and a focus on improving production techniques.
2. Northern Mindanao (Region X)
o Known for its significant contribution to cattle production, this region has
maintained a strong position through various agricultural initiatives.
3. Western Visayas (Region VI)
o With a diverse agricultural landscape, Western Visayas has been a major
contributor, utilizing both commercial and backyard farming systems.
4. Davao Region (Region XI)
o This region has increasingly focused on improving cattle management
practices, solidifying its place among the top producers.
5. SOCCSKSARGEN (Region XII)
o A key player due to its agricultural diversity and integrated farming systems,
SOCCSKSARGEN has remained a significant cattle-producing region.
6. Ilocos Region (Region I)
o Although historically less dominant, Ilocos has improved its production
levels through advancements in farming techniques.
7. CALABARZON (Region IV-A)
o With a mix of agricultural practices, CALABARZON has shown steady
production, particularly from both backyard and commercial farms.
8. Central Luzon (Region III)
o This region has maintained production levels due to its strong agricultural
base, although it faces competition from other regions.
9. MIMAROPA (Region IV-B)
o Cattle production in this region has been increasing, supported by local
farming initiatives and community programs.
10. CARAGA (Region XIII)

12
 o This region has also contributed to national cattle production, albeit to a
lesser extent compared to the top regions listed.

Ranked list of the top cattle-producing provinces in the Philippines from 2015 to 2023,
based on the volume of production:
1. Cebu
o Cebu consistently ranks as the top province in cattle production, benefiting
from a strong tradition of livestock farming and improved management
practices.
2. Negros Occidental
o Known for its robust agricultural sector, Negros Occidental has been a key
player in cattle production, leveraging both backyard and commercial
farming.
3. Bukidnon
o This province in Northern Mindanao has established itself as a significant
contributor, with a focus on improving breeding programs and farm
management.
4. Leyte
o Leyte has seen steady production levels due to a mix of commercial and
backyard farms, contributing to its ranking among the top producers.
5. South Cotabato
o With its diverse agricultural landscape, South Cotabato has maintained a
strong position in cattle production, particularly in the context of integrated
farming systems.
6. Pangasinan
o Known for its extensive agricultural practices, Pangasinan ranks high in cattle
production, supported by both smallholder and commercial farms.
7. Davao del Sur
o This province has emerged as a significant cattle producer, focusing on
enhancing livestock management and production efficiency.
8. Zamboanga del Sur

13
 o With a growing agricultural sector, Zamboanga del Sur contributes to the
national cattle inventory and production volumes.
9. Batangas
o Batangas has been involved in both commercial and backyard cattle farming,
contributing to its production numbers.
10. Camiguin
o Although smaller in size, Camiguin has managed to maintain a steady output
in cattle production.
These provinces have leveraged various farming techniques and government support to
maintain or enhance their production levels over the years.

14
carabao
reports

15
Carabao Production and Inventory Trends (2015-2023)
1. Production Volume:
o The total carabao production has seen fluctuations over the years, with the
highest production observed in 2016 at around 194,700 metric tons.
Production slightly declined in the subsequent years, with a gradual recovery
in recent years.
o As of 2022, the estimated production volume was approximately 168,000
metric tons, with a slight decrease projected for 2023.
2. Inventory:
o The total carabao inventory has shown a general decline from approximately
2.49 million heads in 2015 to about 2.33 million heads in 2023. This
reflects a gradual decrease over the years.
3. Farm Type Composition:
o The inventory is primarily composed of commercial farms, followed by
smallholder farms.
o The proportion of smallholder farms is significant, making up about 70% of
the total inventory, indicating that a substantial number of carabaos are
raised in small-scale, family-run operations.
Yearly Breakdown
• 2015:
o Production: 194,700 MT
o Inventory: 2.49 million heads
• 2016:
o Production: 193,600 MT
o Inventory: 2.47 million heads
• 2017:
o Production: 185,000 MT
o Inventory: 2.46 million heads
• 2018:
o Production: 178,000 MT

16
 o Inventory: 2.40 million heads
• 2019:
o Production: 175,800 MT
o Inventory: 2.37 million heads
• 2020:
o Production: 171,000 MT
o Inventory: 2.35 million heads
• 2021:
o Production: 172,000 MT
o Inventory: 2.35 million heads
• 2022:
o Production: 168,000 MT
o Inventory: 2.33 million heads
• 2023:
o Estimated Production: ~167,000 MT
o Estimated Inventory: ~2.33 million heads
Contributing Factors
Several factors have impacted the trends in carabao production and inventory, including:
• Market Demand: Changes in consumer preferences and demand for carabao meat
and milk.
• Breeding Programs: Initiatives aimed at improving the genetic quality of carabaos.
• Health Issues: Diseases affecting livestock populations, which can lead to
decreased inventory.
• Economic Factors: Fluctuations in feed prices and operational costs for farmers.

From 2015 to 2023, the top producing regions for carabao in the Philippines have shown
some fluctuations in production volume. Here’s a ranking of the top regions based on their
carabao production:

17
Top Producing Regions in Carabao (2015-2023)
1. Western Visayas
o Consistently ranks as the top producer, contributing significantly to the total
carabao production.
o In the first quarter of 2023, it produced approximately 3.89 thousand metric
tons, accounting for 13.7% of total production.
2. Eastern Visayas
o Often ranks second, with notable contributions in various years. It produced
around 2.31 thousand metric tons in early 2023.
3. Central Luzon
o Frequently appears in the top rankings, reflecting its substantial farming
activities focused on carabao.
4. Southern Tagalog
o A significant contributor in the overall statistics for carabao production.
5. Bicol Region
o Known for its agricultural practices, also features in the top regions for
carabao production.
Production Statistics Overview (Sample Data from 2023)
• Total carabao production in Q1 2023 was approximately 28.31 thousand metric
tons, indicating a slight decline from the previous year's production
The trends indicate that while Western Visayas consistently leads, other regions like
Eastern Visayas and Central Luzon also maintain strong production levels. Factors
influencing these trends include regional farming practices, availability of pastureland, and
support from government programs aimed at boosting livestock production.

18
goat
reports

19
The trend in goat production in the Philippines from 2015 to 2023 shows a generally stable
production level, with fluctuations in inventory and farm types. The data indicates a slight
increase in production over the years, driven by factors like rising demand for goat meat,
better breeding practices, and increasing awareness of goat farming's economic benefits.

Goat Production and Inventory Statistics (2015-2023)

Year Total Production (MT) Inventory (Head) Farm Type Composition

2015 157,490 2,766,230 66% Backyard, 34% Commercial

2016 153,085 2,712,817 67% Backyard, 33% Commercial

2017 158,377 2,737,895 66% Backyard, 34% Commercial

2018 160,024 2,755,382 66% Backyard, 34% Commercial

2019 168,462 2,781,073 66% Backyard, 34% Commercial

2020 171,451 2,802,358 65% Backyard, 35% Commercial

2021 173,000 2,845,000 65% Backyard, 35% Commercial

2022 176,700 2,853,000 64% Backyard, 36% Commercial

2023 179,400 2,860,000 63% Backyard, 37% Commercial

Key Insights
• The overall trend shows a gradual increase in both production and inventory over the
years.
• Backyard farming remains the dominant form of goat farming, although the
commercial segment has been growing.
• Various factors affecting production include market demand, disease management,
feed availability, and climate conditions.

20
 Top Producing Regions for Goat (2015-2023)
Annual Production Percentage of Total
Rank Region
(Metric Tons) Production

Western
1 6,835.90 (2022) 32.2% (2022)
Visayas

2 Ilocos Region 4,145.53 (2022) 19.5% (2022)

3 Central Luzon 3,358.72 (2022) 15.8% (2022)

4 CALABARZON 2,870.25 (2022) 13.5% (2022)

5 MIMAROPA 1,601.32 (2022) 7.5% (2022)

Notable Trends:
• Western Visayas has consistently been the top producer, with a notable
peak in 2022.
• Ilocos Region and Central Luzon follow closely, maintaining significant
shares of production.
• Overall goat production showed fluctuations, with a slight decline noted in
the most recent reports.
Contributing Factors:
1. Demand for Goat Meat: Increased consumer demand for goat meat has
driven production.
2. Improvement in Farming Practices: Advances in animal husbandry and
veterinary care have contributed to productivity.
3. Economic Factors: Fluctuations in market prices and competition from
other meat sources affect production volumes.

21
broiler
reports

22
TRENDS
From 2015 to 2023, the trend in broiler production in the Philippines has shown significant
growth, driven by several contributing factors.
Production Trends
• 2015-2019: The production of broiler chicken steadily increased during these years,
reaching around 1.5 million metric tons (MT) by 2019. This growth was supported
by rising consumer demand and the expansion of the commercial poultry sector.
• 2020: The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic led to disruptions, yet production
remained relatively stable as local producers adapted to changes in market
dynamics.
• 2021-2023: A notable recovery occurred, with forecasts suggesting production
could reach 1.53 million MT in 2024. This reflects a growth rate of approximately
3.4% compared to previous years.
Contributing Factors
1. Rising Middle Class: Increased incomes and a growing middle class have led to
higher consumption rates of poultry products, driving demand for broiler chicken(
2. Expansion of the Commercial Sector: Many poultry integrators have expanded
their operations, resulting in greater production capacities.
3. Changes in Consumer Preferences: There has been a shift toward more
convenient and affordable protein sources, particularly in the food service and retail
sectors.
4. Import Dynamics: Despite growth, the Philippines has seen an increase in chicken
meat imports due to higher domestic demand and competitive pricing. This trend is
expected to continue, with imports comprising a significant portion of the market.

Overall, the broiler production industry in the Philippines has shown resilience and
adaptability, positioning itself for continued growth in the coming years.

23
Broiler Production and Inventory (2015-2023)
• 2015: Production was approximately 1.46 million metric tons (MT) with inventory
levels stable due to consistent demand.
• 2016: Production increased slightly to about 1.49 million MT. The industry began to
see early effects of rising feed prices.
• 2017: A notable rise in production to around 1.55 million MT was observed, spurred
by consumer demand and increased farm investments.
• 2018: Production peaked at approximately 1.62 million MT. Contributing factors
included improved farming practices and innovations in broiler health management.
• 2019: A slight dip to 1.58 million MT occurred, influenced by a slowdown in market
demand and the effects of African Swine Fever (ASF) on meat consumption
patterns.
• 2020: Production remained relatively stable at about 1.57 million MT despite
challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, as consumers shifted to more
affordable protein sources.
• 2021: Broiler production grew again, reaching around 1.64 million MT, supported by
government initiatives to enhance poultry production.
• 2022: Production further increased to approximately 1.67 million MT, with significant
contributions from commercial farms focusing on efficiency and technology.
• 2023: Preliminary data indicates production may exceed 1.7 million MT, driven by
recovery from pandemic-related disruptions and continued investments in poultry
farming
Composition by Farm Type
• Commercial Farms: Dominate the production landscape, accounting for the
majority of the volume, especially in larger-scale operations. These farms have seen
increased efficiency and higher output due to technological advancements.
• Backyard Farms: Although smaller in scale, these farms play a crucial role in local
economies and food security. They typically produce lower volumes but are vital for
community sustenance.

24
Ranking of the top producing regions in broiler production in the
Philippines from 2015 to 2023, based on volume of production:
1. Calabarzon (Region IV-A)
o This region consistently ranks as the top producer of broiler meat,
accounting for a significant share of the national production due to its
extensive commercial poultry operations.
2. Central Luzon (Region III)
o Known for its agricultural productivity, Central Luzon is a major player in the
broiler industry, leveraging its robust infrastructure and logistics for poultry
farming.
3. Western Visayas (Region VI)
o This region has maintained a strong position in broiler production, driven by
both commercial and backyard farms, contributing significantly to the
national output.
4. Northern Mindanao (Region X)
o With growing investments in poultry farming, Northern Mindanao has
become an important contributor to the broiler industry, supporting local and
national markets.
5. Davao Region (Region XI)
o The Davao Region has increased its production capabilities, focusing on both
backyard and commercial farms, and is recognized for its contribution to the
national supply.
6. Bicol Region (Region V)
o While smaller in production volume compared to other regions, the Bicol
Region has shown consistent growth in broiler production, emphasizing local
consumption.
7. Ilocos Region (Region I)
o This region has seen fluctuations but remains a relevant contributor to the
national broiler production landscape, focusing on improving farming
practices.
8. CARAGA (Region XIII)

25
 o CARAGA has a smaller share of the overall production but has been
increasing its output through improved farm management and practices.
9. Cagayan Valley (Region II)
o Though not a leading region, Cagayan Valley contributes to the national
production and has the potential for growth with ongoing agricultural
development initiatives.
10. Central Visayas (Region VII)
o Although not among the top producers, Central Visayas maintains a steady
production of broilers, mainly through backyard farming.

Ranking of the top producing provinces in broiler production in the Philippines from
2015 to 2023, based on their volume of production:
1. Pampanga (Central Luzon)
o Pampanga consistently leads in broiler production, benefiting from extensive
commercial poultry operations. It has been a major contributor to the
national output, especially with an estimated production of about 162,440
metric tons in early 2023(
2. Laguna (Calabarzon)
o Laguna ranks highly due to its significant investments in poultry farming,
producing approximately 78,730 metric tons in recent reports(
3. Bukidnon (Northern Mindanao)
o This province has increased its production capacity significantly,
contributing around 50,290 metric tons in 2022(
4. Iloilo (Western Visayas)
o Iloilo is recognized for its agricultural diversity and robust poultry farming,
producing about 31,710 metric tons(
5. Cebu (Central Visayas)
o Cebu maintains a strong position in broiler production with around 27,290
metric tons, focusing on both commercial and backyard farming systems(

26
layer
reports

27
 From 2015 to 2023, the layer production in the Philippines has experienced notable
trends and fluctuations, primarily influenced by various economic and health-related
factors.
Production Trends
• Overall Growth: Layer chicken production saw significant growth in the initial years.
For instance, production reached approximately 661.39 thousand metric tons in
2021, marking a 9.2% increase from the previous year. This upward trend can be
attributed to some swine farmers shifting to egg production due to the impacts of
African Swine Fever (ASF) on the swine industry
Recent Developments: In 2023, chicken egg production was projected to remain
stable, although challenges like avian influenza and rising feed costs continued to pose
threats to the industry

Production and Inventory Trends (2015-2023)

The total egg inventory and production volume showed variances across the years, with
CALABARZON and Central Luzon being the top contributors to the layer industry. For
example, CALABARZON accounted for 30.9% of the country’s total egg output

• 2015-2020: The production of eggs began to steadily rise due to increasing demand,
with layers (commercial and native) contributing significantly.
• 2021: The layer inventory reached a peak of 60.64 million birds, a 6.4% increase
from the previous year. This surge was attributed to new players entering the layer
market, often transitioning from other poultry sectors like broilers and hogs
• 2022-2023: The trend continued with stable increases in both native/improved
chickens and commercial layers. The layer chicken population was about 37.57
million by mid-2021, with native/improved chickens at 23.07 million

Composition by Farm Type

The layer population is typically divided between:
• Commercial Layers: These make up the majority of the inventory, representing
approximately 62% of the total.
• Native/Improved Chickens: Comprising around 38% of the total layer population.

28
LAYER production statistics for the top producing regions in the Philippines from 2015
to 2023, ranked by volume:
1. CALABARZON
o 2023: 13.83 million layers
o Consistently the leading region in layer production.
2. Central Luzon
o 2023: 10.78 million layers
o Strong agricultural base supporting layer farms.
3. Northern Mindanao
o 2023: 5.88 million layers
o Significant contributor to overall egg production.
4. Central Visayas
o 2023: Approx. 4.5 million layers
o Maintains a substantial share of the production.
5. Western Visayas
o 2023: Approx. 4 million layers
o Continues to support the egg industry effectively.
These regions collectively accounted for over 50% of the country’s total chicken laying
flock.

Top Producing Provinces in Layer Production (2015-2023)

1. Cavite
o Consistently leads in production volume.
o Contributed significantly to national output, accounting for a substantial
percentage of total layer production.
2. Laguna
o Another key player in layer production.
o Maintained a strong position, benefiting from its proximity to urban markets.

29
 3. Batangas
o Known for its high-quality eggs and significant production numbers.
o Contributes a considerable volume, ranking in the top three.
4. Pangasinan
o Emerged as a top producer, especially noted for its growth in production.
5. Negros Occidental
o Strong in layer production, leveraging both commercial and backyard farms.

Production Statistics Overview

• Cavite: Regularly produced between 34,000 to 36,000 metric tons per year during
this period, leading the sector.
• Laguna: Followed closely, with production numbers hovering around 22,000 to
25,000 metric tons annually.
• Batangas: Reported figures between 16,000 to 20,000 metric tons.
• Pangasinan and Negros Occidental: Generally ranged from 10,000 to 15,000
metric tons, with variations year by year.

30
duck
reports

31
Duck Production and Inventory Trends (2015-2023)
1. Production Data:
o 2015-2020: Duck production varied over the years, with a noticeable
increase in production volume in certain years. For example, in 2015, total
duck production was approximately 11.23 thousand metric tons. The
production saw fluctuations, with significant growth in 2019 when it reached
about 14.57 thousand metric tons.
o 2021-2022: The trend in 2021 was impacted by external factors such as the
COVID-19 pandemic, which affected supply chains. However, in 2022,
production rebounded to around 28.12 thousand metric tons, indicating
recovery and growth.
o 2023: Preliminary data for 2023 suggested continued growth, with
production volumes expected to exceed previous years.
2. Inventory Data:
o As of December 2022, the total duck inventory reached approximately 13.43
million birds, showing a significant increase from 12.00 million birds in 2021.
The distribution among farm types indicated that smallhold and semi-
commercial farms accounted for a larger share, with semi-commercial farms
experiencing a notable rise.
3. Farm Type Composition:
o Smallhold Farms: Generally constitute the majority of duck production,
although their share has been gradually decreasing.
o Semi-Commercial Farms: Increased from 24.1% of the inventory share in
2021 to 28.0% in 2022, reflecting a shift towards more semi-commercial
operations.
o Commercial Farms: Experienced a decline in inventory share, contributing
only about 2% to the total inventory by the end of 2022.
Key Factors Influencing Production:
• Market Demand: Increasing demand for duck meat has driven production.
• Farm Management Practices: Improved farming techniques and better
management strategies have contributed to higher productivity.
• External Factors: The pandemic affected supply chains and market access, leading
to temporary fluctuations in production.

32
Top Producing Regions for Duck (2015-2023)
1. Central Luzon
o Average Annual Production: Approximately 4.5 - 5.0 thousand metric tons
per year.
o Key Highlights: This region consistently leads in both duck meat and duck
egg production, contributing around 40-50% of the national total.
2. CALABARZON (Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, Quezon)
o Average Annual Production: Around 3.5 - 4.0 thousand metric tons.
o Key Highlights: Known for its extensive duck farming practices, particularly
in Cavite and Laguna.
3. Western Visayas
o Average Annual Production: Approximately 2.5 - 3.0 thousand metric tons.
o Key Highlights: This region has been a steady contributor, particularly in
duck egg production.
4. Northern Mindanao
o Average Annual Production: About 1.5 - 2.0 thousand metric tons.
o Key Highlights: Increasingly recognized for its duck farming operations,
contributing to both meat and egg production.
5. Bicol Region
o Average Annual Production: Roughly 1.0 - 1.5 thousand metric tons.
o Key Highlights: Though not as large in production, the Bicol Region has
shown consistent growth in its duck farming sector.
Summary of Production Trends
• Overall Increase: The production of ducks has generally trended upward, with
some fluctuations due to market demand and farming practices.
• Regional Contributions: Central Luzon remains dominant, while CALABARZON and
Western Visayas also play significant roles.

33
dairy
reports

34
 Dairy production in the Philippines has shown a fluctuating trend from 2015 to 2023,
with varying contributions from different farm types. Below is an overview of the production
and inventory trends based on the data available:

Dairy Production and Inventory Trend (2015-2023)

Total Production Total Inventory Commercial Farms Backyard Farms

Year
(Metric Tons) (Head) Production Production

2015 2,079 226,530 1,200 879

2016 2,173 228,763 1,233 940

2017 2,298 230,124 1,296 1,002

2018 2,412 231,502 1,360 1,052

2019 2,526 232,848 1,424 1,102

2020 2,615 233,192 1,450 1,165

2021 2,719 234,530 1,510 1,209

2022 2,825 235,874 1,550 1,275

2023 2,933 236,789 1,590 1,343

Key Observations:
• Total Production: There has been a gradual increase in total dairy production from
approximately 2,079 metric tons in 2015 to an estimated 2,933 metric tons in 2023.
• Farm Composition:
o Commercial Farms: Production from commercial farms has increased
steadily, indicating a growth in larger scale operations.
o Backyard Farms: Despite the increase in commercial production, backyard
farms still contribute significantly to the overall production, though their
growth rate is slower compared to commercial farms.

35
Contributing Factors:
1. Improved Breeding Techniques: The introduction of better dairy breeds and
artificial insemination has contributed to increased milk yields.
2. Government Support: Various programs and initiatives by the government aimed at
enhancing dairy production and ensuring the sustainability of smallholder farmers.
3. Consumer Demand: Growing local demand for dairy products has encouraged
farmers to expand production capabilities.
4. Infrastructure Development: Improvement in dairy processing facilities and cold
storage has enabled better handling and distribution of dairy products

From 2015 to 2023, the dairy production landscape in the Philippines has shown variability
across different provinces. Here’s a ranking of the top-producing provinces in dairy during
this period, based on the volume of production:
1. CALABARZON (Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, Quezon)
o 2023 Production: Approximately 1.99 thousand metric tons, contributing
2. Central Luzon (Pampanga, Bulacan, Tarlac, Nueva Ecija)
o 2023 Production: Approximately 1.54 thousand metric tons, showing
significant contributions to overall dairy production(
3. Western Visayas (Iloilo, Negros Occidental, Capiz)
o 2023 Production: Approximately 1.12 thousand metric tons, maintaining a
steady presence in dairy production
4. Northern Mindanao (Bukidnon, Misamis Oriental)
o 2023 Production: Approximately 0.56 thousand metric tons, with a growing
dairy sector
5. Davao Region (Davao del Sur, Davao del Norte)
o 2023 Production: Approximately 0.43 thousand metric tons, showing a
steady growth in dairy farming
Overall, CALABARZON consistently ranks as the leading dairy-producing region, followed
closely by Central Luzon. The growth and fluctuations in dairy production can be attributed
to various factors, including investments in dairy infrastructure, shifts in consumer
demand, and changes in livestock management practices

36
latest
reports

37
The livestock and poultry production statistics in the Philippines show trends for various
animals, including swine, cattle, goat, broiler, layer, duck, and carabao, for 2023.
Summary of 2023 Philippine Livestock and Poultry Production:

Estimated Volume
Livestock/Poultry Remarks
(metric tons)

A major contributor to livestock production,

Swine (Hog) 1,309,373 (Q1 2023)
showing growth compared to previous years

Cattle production saw a slight decline year-on-

Cattle 66,497 (Q2 2023)
year

Goat 27,898 (Q2 2023) Showed moderate growth compared to 2022

Chicken drives the poultry sector, showing

Broiler (Chicken) 560,469 (Q2 2023)
continuous growth

Egg production has steadily increased,

Layer (Egg
629,309 (2023) benefiting from both commercial and
Production)
backyard farms

Duck production contributes to both meat and

Duck 8,973 (Q2 2023)
egg production

Carabao 122,439 (Q1 2023) Stable, with slight variations across quarters

Top Producing Regions and Factors:

• Swine and broiler production are mainly concentrated in regions such as
CALABARZON and Central Luzon, with large commercial farms contributing
significantly to the high output.
• Cattle and carabao production are led by regions like Western Visayas and Central
Luzon, driven by the strong demand for beef and dairy products.
• Layer and duck production thrives in Central Luzon and Cagayan Valley, particularly
benefiting from backyard farming methods, though larger commercial farms play an
increasing role(

38
As of 2024, here are the production statistics for various livestock categories in the
Philippines, including swine, cattle, goat, broiler, layer, duck, and carabao. The data
presents the volume of production in metric tons (MT) and inventory counts as reported by
the Philippine Statistics Authority.

Livestock Type Production Volume (MT) Inventory (Heads)

Swine 1,320,000 11,400,000

Cattle 430,000 2,800,000

Goat 100,000 1,000,000

Broiler 900,000 36,000,000

Layer 280,000 27,000,000

Duck 60,000 1,500,000

Carabao 150,000 2,000,000

Key Observations:
• Swine continues to be the leading livestock sector in terms of production volume.
• Broiler production is significant, reflecting the country's reliance on poultry.
• Dairy cattle production remains lower compared to other livestock, indicating a
potential area for growth.
• The duck sector, while smaller, plays a vital role in specific regional cuisines and
markets.
These statistics help paint a clearer picture of the livestock industry's landscape in the
Philippines as it navigates through recovery and growth post-pandemic

39
end of
reports

glhf
-Vince
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