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q2 Topic 12 Relations and Functions 1

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q2 Topic 12 Relations and Functions 1

Uploaded by

bellesanikka
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RELATIONS

and
FUNCTIONS
MATHEMATICS 8
A relation is a set of
ordered pairs.
The domain of a relation is
the set of all first coordinates
of the ordered pairs (x values).
The range of a relation is
the set of all second
coordinates of the ordered
pairs (y values).
The table below shows the relationship between the
number of minutes the water runs and the number
of liters of water wasted.
No. of minutes 1 2 3 4 5

No. of liters 15 30 45 60 75

Domain:

Range:
Table of Values Graph

REPRESENTATION
OF
RELATIONS

Mapping Diagram Rule


x y MAPPING DIAGRAM
1 15 x y
2 30 x 1 2 3 4 5 1 15
3 45 y 15 30 45 60 75 2 30
4 60 3 45
5 75 4 60

5 75
TABLE OF VALUES
G R The value of y is 15
R U times the value of
A L x. In other words,
E this can be
P
described by the
H
equation 𝑦 = 15𝑥.
A relation is a correspondence between two
sets such that to each element of the domain,
there is assigned one or more elements of the
range.

One-to-one Many-to-one One-to-many

For every element in the Any two or more elements One element in the
domain corresponds to in the domain are paired domain is associated to
one and only one element with element in the range. any two or more elements
in the range. in the range.
EXAMPLES:
One-to-one Many-to-one One-to-many
x y x y
x
y
10 1
1 15 1
90
9 -1
2 30
8 2
3 45 56 4
7 -2
4 60
6 3
5 75 30 9
5 -3
A function is a
relation in which no
two pairs in a set
of ordered pairs have
the same first
element.
x y

1 15
F
2 30
U
3 45 N Domain:
4 60 C
Range:
T
5 75 I No elements of the domain are
O the same.
N
One-to-one
Each value of x is mapped exactly
to one value of y.
x
y
10
F
90
9 U
8 N Domain:
7
56 C
Range:
T
6
I
30
5 O
No elements of the domain are
N the same.
Many-to-one
Repeated value for y.
y M
x
1 E
1 R
-1
E
2
4 Domain:
-2 R
E
3
9 L Range:
-3 A
T There are elements of the domain
I that are the same.
One-to-many O
Repeated value for x. N
VERTICAL LINE TEST
A graph of a relation is a
function if any vertical line
drawn passing through the
graph intersects is at
exactly one point.
FUNCTION FUNCTION

MERE
RELATION

MERE
FUNCTION
RELATION

MERE
RELATION
When a relation is denoted as an
equation, the dependent variable y is
expressed in terms of x, the independent
variable.
For a relation to be a function, there
should be one y-value for any x-value
inserted.

An equation represents a function if no


exponent of y is an even number.
Look for the exponents of y. If the exponent of y is an even
number, it is a mere relation. If the exponent of y is an odd
number, it is a function.

MERE FUNCTION
FUNCTION FUNCTION
RELATION

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