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Notes 6

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12 views

Notes 6

Uploaded by

seanwangpiano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Here's the first new topic: **"The Water Cycle"**:

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### **The Water Cycle**

1. The water cycle, also known as the hydrological cycle, describes the continuous
movement of water within the Earth’s atmosphere, surface, and underground.
2. **Evaporation** is the process where water from oceans, rivers, and lakes is
heated by the sun and turns into water vapor, rising into the atmosphere.
3. **Transpiration** is the release of water vapor from plants, adding moisture to
the air.
4. Together, evaporation and transpiration are called **evapotranspiration**, which
is the primary way water is transferred into the atmosphere.
5. As water vapor rises, it cools and condenses to form **clouds**, where water
droplets or ice crystals group together.
6. **Condensation** occurs when water vapor cools, turning back into liquid water,
and forms visible clouds.
7. Once droplets in the clouds become too heavy, they fall back to Earth as
**precipitation** in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
8. **Precipitation** provides the Earth's surface with fresh water, which can flow
into rivers, lakes, or be absorbed by the soil.
9. **Infiltration** is the process where water soaks into the ground, replenishing
underground reservoirs known as **aquifers**.
10. **Runoff** occurs when water flows over the ground and into bodies of water
like rivers, lakes, and oceans.
11. **Groundwater** stored in aquifers is an important water source for humans and
ecosystems.
12. The water that evaporates from the oceans is part of the **global water
balance**, ensuring the continuity of the water cycle.
13. The **cycle** can be influenced by climate conditions, where higher
temperatures may increase evaporation rates or cause droughts.
14. The water cycle helps regulate temperatures on Earth by redistributing heat and
moisture around the globe.
15. **Cloud formation** and **precipitation** are key to understanding weather
patterns and predicting storms.
16. **Human activities**, such as deforestation, urbanization, and agriculture, can
alter the natural water cycle, leading to changes in local climates and water
availability.
17. Climate change is expected to impact precipitation patterns, with some areas
experiencing more rainfall while others face droughts.
18. The **ocean** plays a central role in the water cycle by providing moisture
through evaporation and storing heat that drives atmospheric circulation.
19. The water cycle is interconnected with ecosystems, as plants rely on
precipitation and groundwater, and animals depend on water from various sources.
20. Understanding the water cycle is critical for managing water resources and
protecting the environment from the effects of climate change.

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Let me know if you'd like to move on to the next topic!

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