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Arihant Test

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21 views

Arihant Test

Uploaded by

meenakshisinghdas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Biology Test

Part A

Ans1.

Cellulose is a complex carbohydrate comprised of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. It is a


polysaccharide with glucose as one of its units.
Grass-eating animals are ruminants, e.g., cows, goats, and buffaloes. Cellulose is a major
component, and it is very hard to digest.

The digestive system of ruminants contains a sac-like structure called the rumen. Food enters
the mouth and then goes to the oesophagus and rumen, which are parts of the four-chambered
stomach. It stores food for some time, and some partially digested food goes back to the
mouth, which is called cud, and they chew it again to digest cellulose; this is called
rumination, and this movement is called regurgitation.

Ans 2.

When cooked food is kept at room temperature in the summer season for more than 4 to 5
hours, microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, and viruses start growing. We can say that food
gets contaminated and contains toxins. Consumption of this contaminated food causes food
poisoning.

Food can be preserved to stop or slow down the microbial action. This can be done by

1. Refrigeration /freezing– Store food at low temperatures.


2. Preservatives- chemical method of food preservation by using antimicrobial
preservatives.
3. Pasteurisation-Heating food at high temperature and then immediately cooling it to
low
4. Pickling – storing food by converting it into pickle by using oil and spices.
5. Drying- Removing all moisture content which is an important factor required by
microbes to grow.
6. Salting/sugaring – Adding salt or sugar to remove moisture.

Ans3.

Pneumatophores are plants that are found in marshy environments. They have roots that
exhibit negative geotropism, or upward growth in a vertical direction. The openings in
these roots allow the exchange of gases. For example in Mangrove plants.

Ans 4

The oviduct is also known as the fallopian tube. A woman contains a pair of oviducts.
Ovum from the ovaries enters the ovaries through the fallopian tube. Fertilisation takes
place in the fallopian tube.

Women with blocked oviducts can have in vitro fertilisation (IVF). In this technique, eggs
are collected from the ovaries of the female body and sperm from the male body and
fused outside the body in the laboratories, providing conditions similar to those of the
those of the female body. After fertilisation, when a zygote is formed, it is then
transferred to the female body in the uterus, where implantation takes place.

Part B

Transportation in Animals

MCQ

1. Oxygenated blood never enters into _____

a. Left Atrium b. Aorta c. Venacava d. Pulmonary vein

2. Which part of the nephron is involved in maximum water absorption?

a. PCT b. DCT c. Ascending limb of Henle d. Descending limb of Henle

3. Alveoli are specialized to help in the exchange of gases. Choose the correct option

a. They provide a large surface area for the exchange of gases.


b. They have moist walls
c. Their wall is permeable
d. All of the above

4. Which of the following is true about respiration?

a. Breathing is respiration
b. Breathing and cellular respiration are two steps.
c. The only step of respiration is cellular respiration.
d. None of the above

5. From the inferior vena cava blood enters into :


a. Right atrium
b. Right ventricle
c. Pulmonary artery
d. Left atrium
Assertion-Reason
A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C) A is true but R is false
D) A is false but R is true
1. Assertion (A): RBC does not contain a nucleus.
Reason (R): RBC Contains hemoglobin which helps in the transportation of oxygen.
2. Assertion (A): Plasma is a yellow colour liquid.
Reason (R): It helps in the transportation of waste products.
3. Assertion (A): Villi are present in the large intestine.
Reason (R): Villi help in the absorption of nutrients in the blood.
Case Based

Arteries and veins are blood vessels of the heart that help to supply blood. The flow of
blood in them often gets struck by fatty deposits. This could lead to the problem of
heart attack. This has become a worldwide problem, especially between the age group
of 40 to 60.

1. What happens when arteries get blocked?


2. What causes fatty deposits in the blood vessels?
3. What preventive measures should be taken to prevent fatty deposits?
4. Cardiomyocytes are a type of _____
a. Heart diseases
b. Heart tissue
c. Part of blood vessel
d. Respiratory tissue
5. What is the function of the valve in veins?
a. To prevent backflow of blood.
b. To stop the flow of blood.
c. To avoid entry of blood in the right atrium
d. To maintain the pressure in veins
Open-ended questions

1. One is asked to get a urine test to identify kidney damage. How may kidney problems
be identified with a urine test?
2. What should be the priority for a person who survives a heart attack?
3. In the kidney, water reabsorption is regulated by the nervous system and endocrine
systems. Two hormones that affect the kidneys include aldosterone and ADH. The
hormone aldosterone releases Sodium ions into tissue fluid from the collecting duct
cells.
Explain the mechanism by which the nervous system and endocrine systems
cooperate to promote water absorption from the collecting duct.

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