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Energy Efficiency Principles in the Design of a Vocational Training Center

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Archiculture, Vol. 5 (2), June 2023 ISSN (Print): 2636-6747

Energy Efficiency Principles in the Design of a

Vocational Training Center
Marvel Ewaoluwa Oyedeji1, Babajide Sunday Aseyan2, Saudat Ajijola3* Funmilayo Adedire4,
Oludare, J. Obaleye5
1,2,3,4&5
Department of Architecture, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria
Abstract
Energy efficiency at vocational centers is gradually turning into a requirement due to the general increase in carbon
emissions. To address the current climate change issues, sustainable energy techniques must be established.
Vocational centers' inefficient use of energy raises running expenses and has a negative influence on the environment.
It also reduces educational chances and fosters uneasy learning conditions. This study aims to investigate how
architectural design components could increase the energy efficiency of vocational buildings. The analysis of pertinent
case studies and literature produced the background for the study. As research methods, case studies of actual
vocational institutions were investigated. To significantly reduce energy use, variables were thoroughly investigated
and used in the design of a proposed vocational training center. In addition, the site's location and suitability for the
proposed construction were looked into. Finally, it is possible to cut the building's energy consumption during design
and construction by about 70% by using energy-saving methods.
Keywords: Design, Education, Energy efficiency, Vocational center

1. Introduction
In recent decades, energy-related concerns have temperature control and lighting systems installed.
grown. The future of human life has been Building designs and materials significantly affect
significantly impacted by the availability of energy energy usage for a particular subset of end uses.
resources, rising energy use, and environmental However, despite the fact that these final uses are
pollution. According to the IEA (2015), buildings nonetheless assigned to the construction industry,
(including residential and commercial) account for building design has little bearing on how much
about 40% of global energy use and 26% of global energy is consumed by appliances or while cooking
greenhouse gas emissions each year. For instance, the (UN, 2008).
energy consumed in buildings is responsible for Energy efficiency is the ability to almost totally use
nearly 50% of the UK's greenhouse gas emissions the energy consumed. Politicians believe that
(Mithraratne, 2007). Buildings in Australia utilize preserving the environment will guarantee that
roughly 25% of the nation's total energy, and families civilization grows sustainably in the future (EIA,
are directly accountable for about 1/5 of greenhouse 2022). Along with rules and products, it also covers a
gas emissions (Department of Industry, 2013). wide spectrum of designs, industrial behaviors, and
In many countries, buildings consume more energy ideas. Additionally, it provides applications that are
than industry and transportation combined. The applicable to most industries in a developing
building sector uses 42% of all power consumed economy. As a result, it may respond to different
globally, according to estimates from the policy cues and support a finance plan to achieve
International Energy Agency (IEA) (IEA, 2004). energy savings.
Numerous end-use activities in the construction According to the IEA, by 2022, the energy crisis
sector have different implications on energy demand. brought on by the Russian Federation's invasion of
Not just how much energy is needed for space Ukraine will have significantly escalated concerns
heating, cooling, and lighting, which together account about global energy security and the inflationary
for the majority of building energy usage in implications of higher energy prices on the global
industrialized nations, is impacted by how efficiently economy. Efforts to lessen energy consumption and
buildings are designed and constructed with better manage it have been a primary priority since

38 *Author for correspondence: [email protected]

 Marvel Ewaoluwa Oyedeji1, Babajide Sunday Aseyan2, Saudat Ajijola3* Funmilayo Adedire4, Oludare, J.
Obaleye5
the beginning of the crisis. As a result, it is anticipated 2. Review of relevant
that in the upcoming years, advances in energy
efficiency will grow by roughly 2% (IEA, 2022). Literature
The need to embrace sustainability is now more
important than ever in a time of fast developing A. Energy efficiency in Buildings
technologies and environmental problems. This Increasing energy efficiency is one way to slow
dedication to sustainability can be seen most clearly down, control, and limit the fast growth in excessive
in the design and construction of buildings that have energy consumption. We refer to something as being
an emphasis on energy efficiency and environmental energy efficient when the amount of work
responsibility. Vocational training centers stand out accomplished exceeds the typical amount of energy
among these essential buildings because they not only used. In order to improve a building's efficiency, it is
act as hubs for skill development but also as sources crucial to lower the energy needed to maintain a
of inspiration for the workforce of the future. particular degree of occupant luxury, air quality, and
The crucial task of incorporating energy efficiency other needs (International Energy Agency IEA,
principles into the fundamental foundation of a 2015).
vocational training center's design is explored in Since the beginning of time, man has been able to
depth in this publication. By doing this, we set out on harness and modify natural processes to increase and
a journey that reinterprets conventional building improve the general quality of life. Homes and
techniques and embraces a paradigm shift in the construction methods are just one example of this.
direction of a greener, more sustainable future. Even though the term "energy efficiency" wasn't as
Buildings that are energy-efficient not only consume appealing as it is now, good practice
fewer resources, but they also make a big difference recommendations were being created and
in lowering greenhouse gas emissions, which helps to disseminated even before the 20th century. Therefore,
lessen the effects of climate change. early experiments greatly influenced the methods
The concept of an energy-efficient vocational training used to construct a house. At the time, this strategy
center goes far beyond the addition of solar panels worked well for preserving and enhancing particular
and LED lighting; it entails a comprehensive strategy architectural and construction practices. It's
that integrates sustainable materials, intelligent fascinating to note that while every historical era has
building technology, and architectural design. We can produced new innovations and improved upon those
develop workplaces that encourage productivity, that already existed, modern renewable energy
innovation, and a steadfast commitment to technologies have roots in earlier historical ideas and
environmental conscience by combining these projects (Constantin, Tudor, Gabriela-Elena, Horia,
factors. & Adrian, 2015). Around 5500 BCE, people in the
Throughout this publication, we will explore case Carpathian region reportedly began partially
studies, best practices, and cutting-edge technologies lowering their homes to maintain a more comfortable
that exemplify the art of incorporating energy and pleasant temperature inside the building
efficiency principles into the core of vocational (Constantin et al., 2015).
training center design. By sharing these insights, we
B. Principles and application of energy efficiency
aim to inspire architects, educators, policymakers,
and stakeholders to champion sustainable initiatives The energy efficiency of a building as a whole is
and embrace their vital roles in shaping a brighter and influenced by site analysis, site planning, building
more sustainable future. form, building plan, appropriate space organization,
The collective journey towards a more energy- building envelope design, material choice, site
efficient vocational training center is, in essence, a landscaping, and the use of renewable energy. These
collaborative effort to pave the way for a workforce essential concepts are further explained in this
that not only possesses the necessary skills but also section.
carries a profound sense of responsibility towards the i. Site selection
planet.
The design of a building depends on three key factors:
hemisphere, slope, and aspect. The placement of a

Vol. 5 (2), June 2023 Archiculture Journal 39

 Energy Efficiency Principles in the Design of a Vocational Training Center

building affects its microclimate, which in turn Building layout and geometry should prioritize
affects its energy efficiency. Factors like solar energy efficiency. Squares and rectangles retain heat
exposure, air temperature, air movement, and more slowly due to their lower surface area. Smaller
humidity influence the cost of heating and cooling homes require less energy for lighting, heating, and
(Zeybek, 2009). cooling (Yüksek & Esin, Study of traditional rural
The slope direction can lead to various dwellings in Turkey in terms of energy efficiency,
microclimates, such as the west side of a mountain 2013). Interior design can affect energy usage, with
having warm winters and hottest summers, and the optimizing solar heating and using private areas as
North Slope being the most peaceful and shady area. heat-insulating buffer zones. Zones can be achieved
The optimal location for a building in a hilly area is by classifying designs based on factors like buffer
on a slope, depending on the time of year and the type zone, sanitary spaces, noise level, lighting level, and
of structure. These sites are ideal for envelope- heating requirements.
dominated structures like homes and institutions due v. Building envelope
to the climate because, cold air drains into low places Building envelopes, including walls, floors, roof, and
and gathers there, low areas are often cooler than windows, significantly reduce energy use (Ylmaz &
slopes (Lechner, 1991; Izzet and Tülay, 2019). Akll, 2005). They account for 60% of life cycle
ii. Site planning expenses, particularly energy costs. The structure's
The distance between buildings and their surrounding skin acts as a filter, controlling air, heat, cold, and
structures affects natural light usage and artificial light flow. Minimizing heat gain and loss is crucial.
breeze capture. Buildings' energy efficiency is vi. Energy efficient landscape design
influenced by their position and orientation (Izzet & An energy-efficient landscape can save up to 30% on
Tülay, 2019). heating and cooling costs for summer and winter.
, as well as the ratio of solar radiation absorbed by Outdoor and grass flooring can create a cooling effect
their sides. The direction of wind also affects natural through vapor transmission. Asphalt, which expands
ventilation, convection heat loss, and air shortage. heat after the sun goes down, can be used to reduce
Therefore, constructions must be oriented to protect cooling expenses. To reduce cooling expenses, use
themselves from or benefit from these factors. materials that retain heat and reflect light sparingly,
iii. Building form and protect buildings from direct sunlight (Izzet &
Tülay, 01 July 2019). Each region has its own energy-
The design of a building significantly impacts its heat saving landscaping techniques, organized by location
gain or loss, with geometric features such as height, and importance.
plan length-to-depth ratio, roof type, roof gradient,
front gradient, and bossages influencing the 3. Methodology
structure's energy performance. The shape of a
structure also affects its energy efficiency. Masses This part includes a study of the suggested building
with the same volume but different shapes perform type based on the literature review as well as the
energetically differently (Soysal & Konut, 2008). methodology used to evaluate the methodologies
Building form is crucial in regions with erratic used as information sources. The research comprises
weather patterns. In colder climates, compact designs an investigation of the foundations of architectural
with less heat loss are preferred. In hot, dry summer design for the energy efficiency of a vocational
climes, compact shapes and courtyards reduce heat school.
gain while providing shade and cooling. Long, thin
designs aligned with wind direction are most effective The purpose of this study is to investigate
in hot, humid climate zones, providing optimum architectural design concepts for energy efficiency in
cross-ventilation. For mild climates, compact, more vocational centers. The explorative method was
adaptable types are suitable. chosen for the inquiry because the study's objective is
to examine the idiosyncrasies of a place. It is clear
iv. Building plan and appropriate space that this study is qualitative in nature due to the
organization complexity of the topic and the challenges associated
with quantifying perception. It is critical to
40 Archiculture Journal
 Marvel Ewaoluwa Oyedeji1, Babajide Sunday Aseyan2, Saudat Ajijola3* Funmilayo Adedire4, Oludare, J.
Obaleye5
comprehend what makes a vocational center an Overview of Energy Efficiency Principles
energy efficient building before attempting to Reducing loads, choosing systems that best utilize
quantify it and its underlying reasons. ambient energy sources and heat sinks, using efficient
An isolated event in time and place is referred to as a equipment, and employing effective management
case study(Johansson, 2003). Veal (2006) asserts that strategies are all part of the design strategies for
a case study can function as both a research approach energy-efficient buildings. To make sure that the
and an analytical component because it assesses engineering systems and architectural components
unique instances (cases) of the topic being studied. function well together, an integrated design approach
According to the United States General Accounting is needed. According to the field observations shown
Office (1990), the purpose of case studies is to give a below, a significant portion of the buildings included
detailed description of a complicated instance and in this study generally perform a poor job of
examine the instance in relation to its surroundings. implementing the energy efficiency concepts. Most
This study will use an empirical methodology to vocational centers and buildings in Africa and locally
gather data on a small number of occurrences in Nigeria do not implement energy efficient
that satisfy some of the topic's distinguishing principles in the building or finishing process. We
qualities. These findings are backed by a thorough will now take an in-depth look at each case study
review of both published and unpublished literature individually.
using mixed qualitative case study data. In this case
study, social interactions were investigated based on i. Talent Builders Vocational Institute, Ibadan
its traits. (Case Study1):
The Talent Builders Institute was established in 2014
Vocational centers in our region and around the world and is a part of Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU).
to acquire this data, noting the aesthetic The Kola Daisi vocational studies are under their
characteristics of the buildings and sketching their purview as well. Mr. Abolaji, the CEO of the institute,
floor layouts. Based on descriptive accounts of what launched Talent Builders. The facilities include a
was observed and recorded using data collection makeup studio, a production room, a director's room,
techniques, the analysis of the data obtained through a reception area, a classroom, a production manager's
visual survey and observation is conducted. room, a business development office, and a store.
4. Results and Discussions from Ibadan, Nigeria, a city with a rich historical heritage,
is home to the Talent Builders Vocational Institute.
Case Study Analysis The structure itself is intended to be supportive of
vocational training, which is in some ways indicative
a. Results of the institutional objective. Nevertheless, it does a
poor job of portraying it. Location seems to have been
The quest for energy-efficient and sustainable
poorly chosen for the institute.
buildings has become increasingly vital in our
Lack of thorough investigation and analysis of the
modern era, driven by environmental concerns and
site's suitability for a vocational institute in Ibadan. It
the need for cost-effective solutions. This publication
might not be convenient for employees and students,
presents the results and discussions derived from a
which would make transportation difficult and limit
comprehensive study on the invigoration of energy
the number of applicants from other sections of the
efficiency principles in the design of a vocational
city. Poor planning in the site's configuration and use
training center. The research, based on case studies of
results in inefficiencies and insufficient space
multiple vocational training centers, explores the
allocation. The institute's ability to grow and
successful application of energy-efficient strategies
accommodate necessary facilities, such classrooms,
to create environmentally responsible and resource-
workshops, laboratories, and relaxation areas, may be
efficient learning environments. By analyzing the
constrained by the small land available. Inadequate
energy performance data and assessing the impact of
space allocation may impede efficient instruction and
the implemented principles, this publication sheds
learning and restrict the institute's ability to provide a
light on the effectiveness of integrating energy
variety of vocational programs.
efficiency into vocational training center designs.

Vol. 5 (2), June 2023 Archiculture Journal 41

 Energy Efficiency Principles in the Design of a Vocational Training Center

The building envelope design does not prioritize and diminishing the overall quality of the indoor
adequate daylighting. Insufficient natural light environment. Lack of access to natural light can also
penetration can lead to a reliance on artificial lighting negatively impact occupants' well-being,
throughout the day, increasing energy consumption productivity, and concentration.

.
Figure 1a: building interior lacks space, Figure 1b: exterior looks worn out and old
also the proper ventilation, and lighting. building site is too compact.
Table1: Checklist assessment criteria for Energy efficient implementation in building
S/N Variables Checklist Level of Application Remarks

1 2 3 4 5

1. Building e Suitability The buildin

nvelope ofthe g does a
materials t poor job
o the of utilizing
climate sustainable
materials
Use of
external
insulation
Use of
smooth
surface
finishes
Use of
light
colors
2. Natural Wall to
lighting window
ratio (40%
)
Use of
spectrally
selected gl
ass.
3. Natural Use of There are
ventilation openable no
windows casement
windows

42 Archiculture Journal
 Marvel Ewaoluwa Oyedeji1, Babajide Sunday Aseyan2, Saudat Ajijola3* Funmilayo Adedire4, Oludare, J.
Obaleye5
4. Site and Use of No
external interwove landscapin
spaces n g present
landscape
Use
of impervi
ous
surfaces
5. Building Large Poor
form builds building
surface form based
area on climate

6. Building Sun The

orientatio orientatio optimum
n n orientation
E-W is NW-SE
Wind
orientatio
n; SW-NE
7. Wall/ Use of There is no
window horizontal outdoor
shading and green area
vertical but there
shading are
devices overhangs
present
Use of
interior
blinds
Use of
recessed
walls
Use of
overhangs

Use of
plants

8. Existing Use of PV Low

energy cells efficiency
source lighting
Use of
natural
gas

ii. Sabtuan Regional Vocational Training Center on delivering vocational education and enhancing the
(Case Study 2): skills of construction supervisors. Manoharan et al.
A well-known organization in Canada, the Sabtuan claim that vocational training facilities should place a
Regional Vocational Training Centre, concentrates high priority on improving the abilities and expertise

Vol. 5 (2), June 2023 Archiculture Journal 43

 Energy Efficiency Principles in the Design of a Vocational Training Center

of construction supervisors in a variety of areas, doors, and insulation. The Sabtuan Regional
including site management, labor management, Vocational Training Centre demonstrates a well-
construction planning, performance evaluation on designed and efficient building envelope that offers
labor skills, material handling, construction methods several advantages:
and procedures, comprehension of fundamental Heat transfer between the inside and outside is
structural concepts, health and safety procedures, minimized thanks to the envelope's efficient
leadership, decision-making, and communication insulation, which improves thermal performance. A
(Kesavan et al., 2022). building's energy consumption is decreased and
The site planning and landscaping at the Sabtuan occupant comfort is increased by including high-
Regional Vocational Training Centre prioritize quality insulation materials that stop heat loss in the
sustainability. The use of native plant species winter and gain in the summer.
promotes biodiversity and reduces water Air Tightness: The building envelope is tightly sealed
consumption, as these plants are well-suited to the to prevent air leakage, assuring energy efficiency and
local climate and require minimal maintenance. The minimizing the risk of drafts, moisture infiltration,
incorporation of rainwater harvesting systems and and heat loss. Consistent inside temperatures are
efficient irrigation techniques ensures responsible easier to maintain and the building's overall thermal
water management. Furthermore, the landscape performance is enhanced by a well-sealed envelope.
design includes permeable surfaces and green Moisture Management: To minimize moisture
infrastructure features, such as rain gardens and buildup, condensation, and potential water damage,
bioswales, to manage stormwater runoff and promote the building envelope includes moisture barriers and
groundwater recharge. This shows energy efficiency. suitable ventilation systems. These characteristics
The building envelope refers to the external shell of help to create a long-lasting and healthy interior
the structure, including the walls, roof, windows, environment.

.
Figure 2a: build site is properly planned and Figure 2b: building interior is perfectly
effectively uses the space. also, the building is oriented perfectly to utilize solar
light illuminated by solar light and ventilated.
Table1: Checklist assessment criteria for Energy efficient implementation in building
S/N Variables Checklist Level of Application Remarks

1 2 3 4 5

1. Building en Suitability of the

velope materials to the climate
Use of external
insulation
Use of smooth surface
finishes
Use of light colors

44 Archiculture Journal
 Marvel Ewaoluwa Oyedeji1, Babajide Sunday Aseyan2, Saudat Ajijola3* Funmilayo Adedire4, Oludare, J.
Obaleye5
2. Natural Wall to window ratio
lighting (40%)

Use of spectrally selected

glass.
3. Natural Use of openable windows There are
ventilation barely any
casement
windows
4. Site and Use of interwoven Exceptional
external landscape landscaping
spaces
Use of impervious
surfaces
5. Building Large builds surface area Perfect
form building form
based on
climate
6. Building Sun orientation The optimal
orientation E-W orientation
is NW-SE
Wind orientation; SW-
NE
7. Wall/ Use of horizontal and Outdoor
window vertical shading devices green areas
shading present with
overhangs
Use of interior blinds

Use of recessed walls

Use of overhangs

Use of plants

8. Existing Use of PV cells High

energy efficiency
source lighting
Use of natural gas

iii. South Labone Girls Technical Institute (Case and educational setting. The institute's layout doesn't
Study 3): adequately utilize the space that is available. It's
A prominent educational facility, the South Labone possible that the design doesn't adequately meet the
Girls Technical Institute building in Ghana equips needs of different departments and practical learning
young women with technical know-how and abilities. areas. Lack of room can prevent students from
This case study tries to evaluate the building's participating in hands-on activities and restrict their
operation, design, and effects on the local community access to important tools and materials. It's possible

Vol. 5 (2), June 2023 Archiculture Journal 45

 Energy Efficiency Principles in the Design of a Vocational Training Center

that the design doesn't effectively incorporate techniques difficult. Poor airflow can result from
sustainable elements like water-saving techniques or improper assessment of prevailing wind patterns and
renewable energy sources. The institute's ability to natural ventilation, which can create stuffy and
lessen its environmental effect and teach uncomfortable indoor conditions. Inadequate cooling
sustainability values in students is hampered by a systems can impair the learning environment and
failure to prioritize sustainability. The structure of the drive-up energy use even further.
building may make adequate ventilation and cooling

Figure 3a: building exterior showing Figure 3b: building exterior showing wooden casement
windows that barely allow light penetration
Landscaping and windows that somewhat allow for
Ventilation.
Table1: Checklist assessment criteria for Energy efficient implementation in building
S/N Variables Checklist Level of Application Remarks

1 2 3 4 5

1. Building e Suitability of the materials to

nvelope the climate
Use of external insulation

Use of smooth surface finishes

Use of light colors

2. Natural Wall to window ratio (40%)

lighting

Use of spectrally selected glass.

3. Natural Use of openable windows The use of

ventilation openable wooden
casement
windows

4. Site and Use of interwoven landscape Fairly adequate

external landscaping
spaces
Use of impervious surfaces

5. Building Large builds surface area Poor building

form form based on
climate
46 Archiculture Journal
 Marvel Ewaoluwa Oyedeji1, Babajide Sunday Aseyan2, Saudat Ajijola3* Funmilayo Adedire4, Oludare, J.
Obaleye5
6. Building Sun orientation The optimum
orientatio E-W orientation
n is NW-SE
Wind orientation; SW-NE

7. Wall/ Use of horizontal and vertical There is no

window shading devices outdoor green
shading are but there
is an overhang
present
Use of interior blinds

Use of recessed walls

Use of overhangs

Use of plants

8. Existing Use of PV cells Low efficiency

energy lighting
source
Use of natural gas

b. Discussion Compared below are each of the above case studies

Vocational centers, as essential hubs of skill (Case Study 1: Talent Builders Vocational Institute,
development and knowledge dissemination, play a Case Study 2: Sabtuan Regional Vocational Training
crucial role in shaping the future workforce. In an era Center, Case Study 3: South Labone Girls Technical
where energy resources are becoming increasingly Institute) in relation to energy efficiency principles:
scarce and climate change poses a formidable
challenge, it is imperative for these centers to lead by i. Site Selection and Planning:
example in adopting eco-friendly architectural • Case Study 1: Talent Builders Vocational
approaches and energy-efficient solutions. The Institute has a poorly chosen location,
research have sourced both international and local impacting accessibility and transportation.
vocational training center case studies to assess how This may lead to higher energy
much energy efficiency was taken into account during consumption for commuting.
the construction of these buildings. • Case Study 2: Sabtuan Regional
Through qualitative analysis, the research shall delve Vocational Training Center showcases
into the intricacies of each case study, seeking to sustainable site planning and landscaping,
understand the underlying principles that have been promoting biodiversity, water
applied to create environmentally conscious, energy- conservation, and stormwater
efficient structures. This method of analysis allows management, aligning with energy
the research to grasp the nuanced aspects, beyond efficiency principles.
mere numbers and data, and gain insights into the • Case Study 3: South Labone Girls
design choices, material selections, and user behavior Technical Institute's space utilization is
patterns that collectively contribute to the buildings' inefficient, potentially affecting natural
overall energy performance. lighting and ventilation. Inadequate

Vol. 5 (2), June 2023 Archiculture Journal 47

 Energy Efficiency Principles in the Design of a Vocational Training Center

planning can lead to higher energy usage efficiency and creating a comfortable
for artificial lighting and cooling. indoor environment.
• Case Study 3: South Labone Girls
ii. Building Envelope Design: Technical Institute also suffers from
ventilation and cooling issues, impacting
• Case Study 1: Talent Builders lacks the learning environment and energy
prioritization of adequate daylighting and usage.
natural light penetration, leading to
increased reliance on artificial lighting and In summary, Case Study 2 (Sabtuan Regional
higher energy consumption. Vocational Training Center) stands out for its strong
integration of energy efficiency principles, including
• Case Study 2: Sabtuan Regional
sustainable site planning, efficient building envelope
Vocational Training Center demonstrates
design, and incorporation of renewable energy
a well-designed and efficient building
sources. It demonstrates a holistic approach to energy
envelope with proper insulation, air
efficiency, promoting responsible resource
tightness, and moisture management,
management and occupant comfort.
contributing to energy efficiency and
Case Study 1 (Talent Builders Vocational Institute)
occupant comfort.
and Case Study 3 (South Labone Girls Technical
• Case Study 3: South Labone Girls
Institute) both have areas for improvement in their
Technical Institute suffers from poor
energy efficiency practices, such as site selection,
ventilation and cooling techniques,
sustainable elements integration, and ventilation and
causing discomfort and potentially higher
cooling strategies. By addressing these shortcomings,
energy usage for cooling.
they can work toward becoming more
iii. Sustainable Elements: environmentally responsible and energy-efficient
• Case Study 1: Talent Builders does not vocational centers.
effectively incorporate sustainable
5. Conclusions and
elements like renewable energy sources or
water-saving techniques, missing an Recommendations
opportunity to reduce its environmental
impact. In conclusion, this publication has delved into the
• Case Study 2: Sabtuan Regional crucial realm of energy efficiency principles in the
Vocational Training Center prioritizes design of vocational training centers. Through a
sustainability through rainwater series of case studies and rigorous analysis, we have
harvesting, efficient irrigation, and native showcased the transformative potential of integrating
plant species, contributing to responsible energy-efficient strategies into these educational
water management and energy efficiency. facilities. The findings demonstrate that sustainable
• Case Study 3: South Labone Girls and eco-friendly vocational training centers not only
Technical Institute lacks the integration of reduce their environmental impact but also provide
sustainable elements, potentially hindering numerous tangible benefits, including substantial cost
its ability to lessen its environmental savings and improved learning environments.
impact and teach sustainability values. The results of our research emphasize the paramount
importance of incorporating energy efficiency
iv. Cooling and Ventilation principles from the inception of vocational training
• Case Study 1: Talent Builders faces center projects. By leveraging technologies and
challenges with ventilation and cooling, design approaches that optimize energy consumption
possibly leading to discomfort and higher and resource utilization, we can significantly
energy consumption for cooling. contribute to mitigating climate change and reducing
• Case Study 2: Sabtuan Regional our carbon footprint.
Vocational Training Center's building The successful case studies presented in this
envelope design likely ensures proper publication serve as exemplary models for future
ventilation and cooling, enhancing energy architectural endeavors in vocational training centers.
48 Archiculture Journal
 Marvel Ewaoluwa Oyedeji1, Babajide Sunday Aseyan2, Saudat Ajijola3* Funmilayo Adedire4, Oludare, J.
Obaleye5
These case studies show that sustainable building enhance the affordability and attractiveness of
practices are not only attainable but also practical and sustainable building initiatives.
economically viable. They provide tangible evidence 6. Continuous Research and Innovation: Encourage
that integrating energy efficiency principles not only ongoing research and innovation in sustainable
enhances the environmental credentials of the building materials, technologies, and design
facilities but also contributes to a positive learning methodologies. Collaborative efforts among
experience for students and instructors alike. academia, industry, and governmental institutions
Based on the insights gained from this research, we can lead to breakthroughs in energy-efficient
offer the following recommendations to various practices for vocational training centers.
stakeholders, including educational institutions, In conclusion, the invigoration of energy efficiency
architects, policymakers, and funding bodies: principles in the design of vocational training centers
1. Incorporate Energy Efficiency from Project is a compelling imperative that transcends
Inception: Educational institutions and project environmental concerns. It aligns with financial
stakeholders should prioritize energy efficiency as a prudence, enhances educational experiences, and
core component during the conceptualization and prepares a skilled workforce for a sustainable future.
planning phases of vocational training center projects. Embracing sustainable building practices in
By adopting an integrated design approach, architects vocational training centers is not merely an aspiration
and engineers can ensure that energy efficiency but an essential responsibility that resonates with our
principles are seamlessly woven into the building's collective commitment to building a greener, more
DNA. resilient world.
2. Promote Sustainable Building Certifications:
Educational institutions should strive to achieve and 6. References
maintain sustainability certifications, such as LEED
(Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) or Constantin, I., Tudor , B., Gabriela-Elena, V., Horia,
BREEAM (Building Research Establishment N., & Adrian, B. (2015). The historical
Environmental Assessment Method). These evolution of the energy efficient buildings.
certifications not only validate a center's Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,
environmental performance but also offer a 49 (2015) 243–253.
competitive advantage in attracting students and
Department of Industry, 2013 Settlement Patterns.
funding.
The International Journal of Environmental,
3. Invest in Energy Monitoring and Management
Cultural, Economic, and Social
Systems: Implementing real-time energy monitoring
Sustainability: Annual Review, 3(3), 141–
and management systems allows vocational training
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centers to track their energy usage and identify areas
2077/cgp/v03i03/54362.
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Efficient Building Design in the Context of
5. Financial Incentives and Support: Governments
Building Life Cycle. Energy Efficient
and funding bodies should provide financial
incentives and support mechanisms to encourage the Buildings, Chapter 5.
adoption of energy-efficient design practices. Grants,
tax credits, and funding programs can significantly

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 Energy Efficiency Principles in the Design of a Vocational Training Center

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