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Class10 Science DetailedAnswers

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30 views

Class10 Science DetailedAnswers

Uploaded by

Mahesh K
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BOARD ACTIVITY SHEET: CLASS 10 SCIENCE

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PART - 1

Time: 2 Hours Max. Marks: 40

DETAILED ANSWER KEY - Class 10 Science Question Paper

Q1. (A) Choose the correct alternative: [5]

i. (B) Joule

Explanation: Joule is the SI unit of energy, including heat energy, as mentioned in the "Heat" chapter.

ii. (A) +5.0 D

Explanation: Power of a lens (P) = 100/f (in cm). For f = 20 cm, P = 100/20 = +5.0 D.

iii. (A) COOH

Explanation: The functional group -COOH is characteristic of carboxylic acids, as explained in the chapter "Carbon

Compounds".

iv. (A) Atomic number

Explanation: The modern periodic table is based on atomic number, which determines the chemical properties of

elements.

v. (C) Tin

Explanation: Tinning is the process of coating metals with tin to prevent corrosion.

(B) Answer the following: [5]

i. CaCO3 (Calcium carbonate)

Page 1
BOARD ACTIVITY SHEET: CLASS 10 SCIENCE

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PART - 1

Time: 2 Hours Max. Marks: 40

Explanation: The molecular formula of calcium carbonate is derived from its composition: calcium, carbon, and oxygen.

ii. Free fall is the motion of an object under the influence of gravitational force alone.

Explanation: As per the chapter "Gravitation", objects in free fall experience only gravity.

iii. The hydrocarbon structure CH3-CH3 is ethane.

Explanation: Ethane is a simple alkane with the molecular formula C2H6, discussed under "Carbon Compounds".

iv. Convex lenses are used in magnifying glasses.

Explanation: Convex lenses converge light rays, making objects appear larger.

v. PSLV (Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle).

Explanation: PSLV is an Indian satellite launch vehicle mentioned in the "Space Missions" chapter.

Q2. (A) Give scientific reasons (any two): [4]

i. Lemon or tamarind contains acids that react with the basic copper oxide layer, cleaning the vessels.

ii. High tides occur due to the gravitational pull of the moon on Earth's water bodies.

iii. Elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons, leading to similar properties.

(B) Answer the following (any three): [6]

i. Escape velocity on the moon:

Escape velocity (v) = sqrt(2GM/R)

= sqrt(2 * 6.67 x 10^-11 * 7.34 x 10^22 / 1.74 x 10^6)

Page 2
BOARD ACTIVITY SHEET: CLASS 10 SCIENCE

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PART - 1

Time: 2 Hours Max. Marks: 40

= approximately 2.38 km/s.

ii. Differences between mass and weight:

- Mass is the amount of matter in an object (kg); weight is the force due to gravity (N).

- Mass is constant; weight varies with gravity.

iii. Electroplating is the process of depositing a layer of metal on a conductive surface using electricity. Diagram: [Explain

anode and cathode in electrolyte].

iv. Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another due to change in speed.

Q3. Answer the following questions (any five): [15]

i. Centripetal force: It is the force acting towards the center of a circular path. Example: Earth orbiting the sun.

ii. Factors affecting reaction rate:

- Temperature

- Concentration

- Catalyst.

iii. Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation: Every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force

proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

iv. Periodic Table Classification:

- Groups: Vertical columns with similar chemical properties.

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BOARD ACTIVITY SHEET: CLASS 10 SCIENCE

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PART - 1

Time: 2 Hours Max. Marks: 40

- Periods: Horizontal rows showing increasing atomic number.

v. Properties of ionic compounds:

- High melting and boiling points.

- Conduct electricity in molten or dissolved states.

- Generally soluble in water.

vi. Kepler's Laws:

- Planets move in elliptical orbits with the sun at one focus.

- Equal areas are swept in equal intervals of time.

- The square of the orbital period is proportional to the cube of the mean distance.

Q4. Solve the following (any one): [5]

i. Convex Lens Diagram: [Draw a ray diagram showing refraction and focal point]. Convex lenses converge light rays to

a focal point.

ii. Satellite Launch Vehicle:

Function: It launches satellites into orbit.

Construction: Includes stages with fuel, payload, and guidance systems.

Page 4

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