DHA Education System

Subject Geography Class 6

Answer Key
Chapter no. 02 Landforms (Reinforcement, Page no. 15-22).
Q.1: Fill in the blanks.
i. The Centre of earth is called core.
ii. A plateau is high above the sea level.
iii. The earth plates move as they float on the mantle.
iv. Sinking of two parallel faults on each side cause block mountain.
v. The study of earth’s surface is called topography.
vi. The core is hot and mainly contains molten material.
vii. A rift valley is formed when the land between two parallel faults sink.
viii. Different types of landforms make up the topography of different areas.
ix. Punjab and Sindh Plains are called Indus plains.
x. The Karakorum, Himalayas and Hindu Kush are fold Mountains.
xi. Potwar and Baluchistan plateaus are in Pakistan.
xii. The northern mountain ranges run north- west to south-east.
xiii. The Baluchistan Plateau covers over 347000 Km.
xiv. The crust is made up of solid rocks.
xv. The mantle is between the crust and core.

Q.2: Define these terms.

a) Valley
Ans. Valley is a low area of land between hills or mountains, typically with a river or stream flowing
through it.
b) Plateau
Ans. An area of fairly flat land that is high above the sea level is a plateau.
c) Plain
Ans. A plain is an area of flat or fairly flat land that is not very high above the sea level.
d) Earth’s plates
Ans. The earth's crust is made up of large separate sections which are called plates. These earth’s
plates are making continents.

Q.3: Short questions.

a) Write down about two landforms formed by earth’s movement.
Ans. Rift valley: It is formed when central block of land moves down parallel to the fault but the
blocks from sides remains at its place.
Block Mountain: It is formed when two blocks of land moves down parallel to the fault but central
block remains at its place.
b) Write down the names of three Northern mountain ranges of Pakistan.

DHAES Subject Geography Class 6

 DHA Education System
Subject Geography Class 6
Answer Key
Ans. Himalayas, Karakorum and Hindu Kush are three northern mountain ranges of Pakistan.
Millions of years ago Indian and Eurasian plates collided and these were formed.
c) What are Fold Mountain? Name any two ranges of Fold Mountains.
Ans. Fold Mountains: These are formed when plates collide. Himalayan Mountains in Asia, the
Alps in Europe, the Andes in South America, the Rockies in North America, the Urals in Russia.
Millions of years ago Indian and Eurasian plates collided and Himalayas, Karakorum and Hindu
Kush were formed.
d) What is a fault?
Ans. It is a crack along which blocks of rocks and earth’s plates move.
e) How do we show landforms on a map?
Ans. A landscape includes the physical and human elements such as mountains, water bodies,
vegetation, roads and buildings, etc. The topography of an area is shown by a series of colors in
layers and symbols.
 Brown and purple color for mountains
 Blue color for water bodies.
 Green color for vegetation.
 Black lines – roads, railroads, trails, and boundaries.
 Dots for cities
Q.4: On the map of Pakistan:

DHAES Subject Geography Class 6

 DHA Education System
Subject Geography Class 6
Answer Key
Chapter no. 02 Landforms (Reinforcement, Page no. 23-33).
Q.1: Fill in the blanks.
a) Deccan plateau is in India.
b) The point at which the earthquake starts is called focus.
c) In 1935 earthquake destroyed much of Quetta and on 8th October 2005 northern areas of
Pakistan.
d) Indian plate is pushing Eurasian plate at the rate of about 5 cm per year (1 mm per week).
e) The Kamchatka is a World Heritage site with 300 dormant and 29 active volcanoes.
f) The seismograph is used to record earthquake.
g) Mount Etna in Sicily, Italy is an active volcano.
h) A natural fountain of hot water and steam is called geyser.
i) Molten rock material below the surface of earth is called magma.
j) Dormant means sleeping and extinct means dead volcanoes.
k) Each new layer of lava that flows down the side of volcano is called lava flow.
Q.2: Define these terms.
i. Lava plateau
If the lava spread out on a long way then it will form a lava plateau, e.g. Deccan Plateau.
ii. Epicenter
The point on the Earth's surface which is directly above the focus is called the epicenter.
iii. Seismometer
A seismometer measure the strength of earthquakes and record it on the seismograph.
iv. Erosion
The movement of rivers, the sea, glaciers and the wind erode the rocks and then carry the
eroded material to other places where it is deposited, called erosion.
v. Active volcano
A volcano which erupts after every few years such as Mount Etna, Sicily, Italy.
Q.3: Short and long questions.
a) How sedimentary rocks are formed? Also give some examples of these rocks.
Ans. Sedimentary rocks are formed from particles of sand, shells, pebbles, and other
fragments of material. Together, all these particles are called sediment. Examples of this rock
type include chalk, sandstone and limestone.
b) What is the difference between magma and lava?
Ans. Magma is the molten rock material below the earth’s surface. Lava is the molten rock
material above the earth’s surface. Lava may be sticky (concentrated) and runny (dilute)
which is responsible for different shapes of volcanoes.

DHAES Subject Geography Class 6

 DHA Education System
Subject Geography Class 6
Answer Key
c) What do you know about marble? How this rock is formed?
Ans. Marble was actually limestone which changed into a metamorphic rock due to high
temperature and pressure. Metamorphic rocks are formed under the surface of the earth from
the metamorphosis (change) that occurs due to intense heat and pressure (squeezing). These
rocks are also called baked rocks.
d) Discuss weathering and its types.

Ans. Weathering the process which weaken and breaks down the rocks at the earth's surface.
1) Chemical weathering: Rocks are made up of minerals. Rocks may be weaken and then broken
down when their minerals are changed by chemical reactions with the oxygen and carbon dioxide
in the air and with water.
2) Biological weathering: This is the breakdown of rocks at or near the earth's surface by living
things.
3) Physical weathering: This process breaks down the rocks into smaller fragments without any
chemical changes to their minerals.
 The alternate heating and cooling of rocks
 The alternate freezing and thawing of water in cracks

DHAES Subject Geography Class 6