Answer key 2022 HSC Maharashtra board Section A Que.1 select and write appropriate answer. (i) The negation of the statement pA(q —r) A] ~pA(~q —~r) B] pv (~qvr) C] ~pA(~q =r) D] p—(qA~r) Answer:- option (D) (ii) In a AABC if c?+a?—-b? =ac then 2B is equal to.... . az 83 Us os Answer:- Option B (iii) Equation of line passing through the points (0, 0, 0) and (2,1,-3) is...... Al = x _ c] * = Answer:- Option A (iv) the value of 1.( jxk ) +f. (kxt) + k.( x) is A] 0 B] -1 C]1 Dd] 3 Answer:- Option D F Le WIN Cl y 1 ye 2(v) f(x) = x° + 2x -3 then (f-!)!(-3) : AJ O B] -3 C] -% D] % Answer:- option D (vi) the maximum value of the function f(x) = “°2* Ale B] 1/e C] e2 D] 1/e2 Answer:- option B xr widit f Po = A log =—1) +e, then A= ee A] 1 B] % C] % D] % Answer:- option D (viii) If p.m-f. of a dv. X is P (x) = — ,forx=1, 2,3 x = 0, otherwise then E(x)= .... 216 294 297 294 Al 251 B] 251 Cl 294 DI 297 Answer:- Option BQue. 2- answer the following. (i) find the principal value of cot “(%) Solution:- Let cot — = | — V3 Then, cot y = ——= Za 3 We know that the range of the principal value branch is (0, Tt) Thus, : il (=) cot y = —— = =cot( = v3 7 2 > y= € (0,7) Hence, the principal value of 1 1 . 20 cot = ?3 aa V3 3(ii) Write the separate equations of lines represented by the equation 5x? — 9y? = 0 Solution:- 5y? + 9y2 =0 “(vi -(vay'=0 » (V5x-+ 3y) ( Var ~ 3y) =0 the separate equations of the lines ar« (v5x + 3y) = Oand (vir) 0 (iii) If f(x) = x1 then find f(x). Solution:- f(x) =x" Integrate on both side w.r.to. x J f(x) dx = J+ dx f(x) = log x +c (iv) Write the degree of the differential equation (y")? +3(y")+3xy'+5y=0 Solution:- aiistcanbelwiitien os. Power of highest order derivative is 2 : Degree of D.E. is 2 dy dy dy a +352 +a(2) 45-0 : dx x[Section B] Que. 3 Using truth table verify that: (pA q)v~q=pv~q Solution:- i ii | iii iv v vi P| q)\ ~q| pAq | (pPAqv ~q | Pv ~q T|/T/|F|T T T T|F|T| FE T T Fi[T|F|F F F Fi/Fi]T|F T T From column (v) and (vi) (pPAq)v~q=pv~q Que. 4 Find the cofactors of the elements of the matrix —-1 2 A= -3 4 Solution:- - —1 2] Cofactor of (-1) is 4 eivenAs —3 4} Cofactor of (2) is 3 ae Cofactor of (-3) is -2 «A= ; —2 -1 Cofactor of (4) is -1Que.5 Find the principal solutions of cot 6 = 0 Solution:- cot@=0 Since 6 € (0, 2m) -cote@=0= cot + — = cot (n + =) .. [cot (11+ 8) = cot 6] 3m “cot 6= cot = = cot — 2 2 T 3m .~@=— or 0O= — 2 2 3 Hence, the required principal solutions are iP 9? > \ Que. 6 Find the value of k, if 2x + y = 0 is one of the lines represented by 3x? + kxy + 2y? = 0 Solution:- Auxiliary equation of the given equation is 2m? + km + 3 = 0. Slope of the line 2x + y = Ois m= - 2. “m= -2 is a root of the auxiliary equation 2m? + km + 3 = 0 + 2(-2)? - 2k+3=0 8-2k+3=0 11 ake DeQue. 7 Find the cartesian equation of the plane passing A(1, 2, 3) and the direction ratios of whose normal are 3, 2, 5. Solution:- the plane passing A(1, 2, 3) and the direction ratios of whose normal are 3, 2, 5. “X,=1,y, =2,Z2,=3,a=3,b=2,c=5 Equation of a plane in Cartesian form is a(x ~ Xi) + b(y ~ yi) + e(Z— 2) = 0 “ 3(x - 1) + 2(y - 2) + 5(z- 3) =0 “3x + 2y+5z-22=0 Que. 8 Find the cartesian co-ordinates of the point whose polar co-ordinates are (3.5 Solution here r = 5 ,0=8 Let cartesian co-ordinates be (x,y). i 7 1 i il Then, x=r == -~=>xt-=- en,x=rcos@ 3°85 oe i rsin® 1. 1. v3 V3 = = sin — =x 2 = y 2 3 2 2 4 V3Que. 9 Find the equation of tangent to the curve y = 2x? - x2+2 at (%, 2). Solution:- y = 2x3 — x2 +2 equation of tangent at (x,,¥,) differentiate with repect to x. is given by, dy YY = M (x-%) 1 = 6x? - 2x dx : Required equation at (%,2) (8) <6(2)°0(2)) ov y-2 = 46% “Made ) (5) \2 2 }) ¥-2 = %4O-%) (2) 1 2y-4=x-% a 1, 8y-8= 2x-1 : 1 2x —By -148 = 0 !, 2x -8y +7 =0 1 7 x Zz Que. 10 Evaluate: [ sec*x dx a When x = 0, t = tan0=0 Solution:- a 7 7 When x= —,t= tan — =1 Lett [ sect a- dx 1 4 4 " sts [14 e) ae 4 ect 2 : -[ sec’ x- sec” x- dx By} 0 [e+ 5] = 3 Jo ‘ 2 2 -| (1+ tan 2) sec a-dzx =1+5-0 Put tan x =t _4 5 .. sec2x-dx = dtd Que. 11 Solve the differential equation ) +x =0 dx Solution:- y#+e=ce =ce+k >y® =c-x =cx+k => ydy = (c— x)dz sr+y=22crtk Integrate =>r+y'—Icr-k=C Sydy = f(c— 2)dx fydy = fcdx — fadzx ae s=ax-Ft+k Que. 12 Show that function f(x)=tan x is increasing in (0,5) Solution:- f(x) =tanaz f' (x) = sec? a = sec’r > 0 Here , Tv O (a)>0¥ee( 0.2) => secxz > 0 Sec is positive in the first and fourth quadrant I So , f(z) is increasing on (c 5Que. 13 Form the differential equation of all lines which makes intercept 3 on x-axis. Solution:- The equation of the line having intercepts a and b on the coordinate axes respectively is x oy a + 5 =1 ....(1) where a and b are arbitrary constants. Differentiating (1) w.r.t. x, we get tev+(2)-oe (Z)2- 1 O\b yd = a _ dy b ~ dx a Differentiating again w.r.t. x, we get d’y + =0 dx This is the required D.E.Que. 14. If X - B(n, p) and E(X) = 6 and Var (X) = 4.2, then find n and p. Solution:- For X~ B(n, p), E(X) = np and V(X) = npq Given that E(X) = 6 and V(X) = 4.2 _ V(X) _ 42 E(X) 6 = £(X) =np npq = =07 np =6 q=07 = nx0.3=6 =1- 6 Pp q ae =1-0.7 3 = 20[Section C] If 2 tan"!(cos x) = tan'!(2 cosec x), then find value of x. Solution:- Que. 15 2 tan!(cos x) = tan"!(2 cosec x) 2 | = tan 1(2 cosec x) tan | 1 — cos?x Onn wee : 2tan lx = ta ( 1 “7 >? = 2 cosec x _ 2cos x | or a 2 cosec x 1 — cos*x _ 2cos x 2 2y sin x sin “COS X = SINXQue . 16 If angle between the lines represented by ax? + 2hxy + by? = 0 is equal to the angle between the lines represented by 2x? - 5xy + 3y?= 0 then show that 100(b?- ab) = (a + b)? Solution:- 1st combined equation is, ax2+ 2hxy +by? = 0... (i) So, 2Vh? — ab tan 6 = | ———_ a+b 2nd combined equation is, 222 — bry + 3y2 = 0, 5 . A=2,H= -3.B= 3 As per given, The angle between these two lines is 2,/72 —6 tan@ = 3 equal 2h ab 1 2/4 a+b 5 tan =| 10 — ab = a+b tano = |2 100(h? — ab) = (a +b)” _ Hence provedQue. 17 the distance between the parallel lines X_ VY LZ ppg X-1 _vatt_z-l 2 | 2 2 -1 2 Solution:- L z Line 3 = = = 3 passes through (0, 0, 0) and has direction ratios 2, -1, 2 -. Vector equation of the line is rs (0 +0) +8) +A(31-]+2) ie,t =A(2i - j + x) a-l y-l z-1 Line —— = = —— passes through (1, 1, 1) and has direction ratios 2 “1 2 2,-1,2 - Vector equation of the line is rs (i+i+k) +A(21-j +24) The distance between parallel lines r = ay + \bandr = ay + Abis | (2 = a) x b Here, a; = 0,a) =i +) +k,b = 2i—j +2ki jk «(a —a) xb = 111 2 -1 2 3 3 3 wif 241) _7f2_2)\,¢/2_2 \3°3) (\3 73 3 =i—-k =| (a — a) x 6] = y (1)? + (-1) =v2 Que.18 A(5, 1, p) B(1, q, p) and C(1, - 2, 3) are vertices of a triangle and G(r, -4/3,1/3)by vector method. is its centroid, then find the values of p, q r by vector method. Solution:- Let a, b, Tbe the position vectors of points A, B, C respectively of AABC and g be the position vector of its centroid G. a= bit+j+pk, b=i+ qj + pk, -. By using centroid formula, c=i—2j+3k - _a+b+c g = ——_—_ 1 3 =e gq git gk u3g=atb+eg=atb+e cai Fi = [5i+i +) + (i+a+0 +1-9+3k “3i- 4) +k = Ti+ (q— Lj + (2p + 3)k -. By equality of vectors, we get 3r=7,-4=q-1and1=2p+3 are 5.q=-Sandp=—1 Que.19 -If A(a) and B( b) be any two points in the space and R(r) be a point on the line segment AB dividina it internally in the ratio m:n then prove that z= mb +na Solution:- As R is a point on the line segment AB (A-R-B) m+n AR and RB are in same direction As—— REM p AR _m 59 n (AR) =m (RB) : 1 : RB a m (RB) and n (AR) have same direction and magnitude ey — — 0 m (RB) = n (AR) m(RB)= n(AR) m(OB-OR) =n(OR-OA) m(b -7)=n(F-a) mina mb —mF =nF —na a mb +n@ = mF +nF = (m +n) r m+nQue 20: Find the vector equation of the plane passing through the point A(- 1, 2,- 5) and parallel to the vectors 4i-j+3 kandi+j- Solution:- The vector equation of the plane passing through the point A(@) and parallel to the vectors b and cis r. (bx) =a. (bx) (1) Here, a — Oe Ae 5k b= 4i—-j+3k, c=i+j+k — . fi jk bxe=|4 -1 3 111 =(-1-3)i- (4-3) + (4+ Dk =—4) —j + 5k «a, (b xc) = (21+ 1) + 5atk). (-4i -j+5%) = (- 2)(- 4) + (7)(-1) + (5)(5) =8-742 =26 :. From (1), the vector equation of the required plane is r. (—4i - j + 5k) = 26Que 21 Ify=e*™ '*, show that -1 y= emtan x (1) _ dy _ de (em '*) dx dx = emtan' 2 o (m tan! x) 1 7 = e™tan ZTemx 5 l+2 “ (1 + x”) * =my ..[By (1)] Differentiaitng again w.r.t. x, we get 2) Afd) dy dy on dy (+2). $(2) +2. S042) ax dy dy (1+ a?)—* + =(04 22) =m— ( +) dx ( + 22) ™ XK dy dy dy o (14+ 2”) — + 22. =m—. ( as Py ox a d = (140?) + (22 —m)2 =o. dz dxdx 2+ cos x —sinx Que.22 Evaluate / Solution:- 1 tetl= f Se 2+ cosz — sing Put t n(=) t u = a: 2 “x 2tan't 2Qdt . 2t 1-# “dx = and sing = —~-s,cosz = 1+? 1+? 1+? aT) +? [roo 1+# 2dt ne 1+# 2fs dt 2 ee 1 =2 | —=———~dt lwo i oe Ay dt 1d Que. 23 Solvex+y > = sec(x? + y*) x Solution:- a+ ys = sec(a? + 9). . (i) 2 puta” + y =t Differentiating w.r.t. x, we get Qn + 2y ty — 4 ar = = — Yan dx d 1 dt ety lw Integrating on both sides, we get [costat — 2 [az sint=2x+c sin (x2 + y2) = 2x +c [1] When x = y=0 sin (0+0)=2(0)+c c=0 Particular solution is sin (x? + y2) = 2xQue. 24 A wire of length 36 meters is bent to form a rectangle. Find its dimensions if the area of the rectangle is maximum. Solution:- Let x metres and y metre be the length and breadth of the rectangle. Then its perimeter is 2(x + y) = 36 “xty=18 “ye 18-x Area of the rectangle =0-2x1 = xy =-2 = x(18 - x) Now,f'(x) = 0, if 18 - 2x =0 Let f(x) ie. ifx=9 = x(18 - x) ae f(9)-2<0 = 18x - x2 .. By the second derivative test f has “(X= a (182 _ 2’) maximum value at x = 9. dx When x= 9, y=18-9=9 =18- 2x “x=9cm,y=9cm and -. The recangleis a square of side 9 d f(x) = — (18 a 2a) metres. dxQue. 25 Two dice are thrown simultaneously. If X denotes the nu sixes, find the expectation of X. Solution:- Here, X represents the number of sixes obtained when two dice are thrown simultaneously. Therefore, X can take the value of 0, 1, or 2. “. P (X = 0) = P (not getting six on any of the dice) 25 ie dice) = =~ 36 P (X = 1) = P (six on first die and no six on second die) + P (no six on first die and six on second die) ° 1 6 2) 10 6° 6) 36 1 P (X = 2) = P (six on both the dice) “36 Therefore, the required probability distribution is as follows. Then, expectation of X = E(X) = So XiP(X) 7 ° ' ° Bee eee 25 10 1 / 36 36 36 POO | 3) = 1 36 36 36 2 3Que 26. If a fair coin is tossed 10 times. Find the probability of getting at most six heads. Solution:- Let X denote the number of heads obtained in 10 tosses of a coin . Then, X follows a binomial distribution with n = 6 , p = a q The distribution is given by esol 10, Cs “P(X = 6) = sy 105 ~ 99 _ 105 512Section D Que. 27. Without using truth table prove that (PAQV(-PAQV(pA-q) = PV Solution:- L.H.S. = (pA q) Vv (~p Aq) Vv (pA~q) =[(p V~ p) Aq] V (pA ~ q) ....... (Distributive Law) =(TAq) V (PA ~Q) ween (Complement Law) =qV (PA~Q) weceeee (Identity Law) =(q Vp) A (qV ~ Q) ....s (Distributive Law) E(qVp)AT.......... (Complement Law) VD veer (Identity Law) q =p Vq......(Commutative Law) RQue. 28. Solve the following system of equations by the method of inversion X-y+Z=4, 2xty-3z=0.x+y+z=2 Solution:- Matrix form of the given system of equations is 1-1 1 z 4 2 1 —3] |y}| = {0 i ot 1 z 2 This is of the form AX = B, where A= 1-1 1 x 4 2 1 —3)/,X= |y]andB= |0 1 iu z 2 To determine X, we have to find A~!. coe JAl=/2 1 -8 oe =1(1+3)+1(2+3)+1(2-1) = 1(4) + 1(5) + 1(1) =4+5+1 =10#0Aq exists. Consider AA~! =| 1-1 1 10 0 mae oUhleeehlmrlrermrmrslle st os Applying Rz + R2 - 2R; and Rg — R3- Rj, we get - + : 0 3 —5Jat=]-2 1 0 2 0 —-1 0 Applying R2 — (5) Ro, we get tt : 01 Slat=|2 4 0 2 =O -1 01 Applying Ry + Ry + Ro and R3 — R3- 2Ro, we get 10+ + 40 Oe Ame —a\ean a) 0 00% ; #1 3 Applying R3 — (<5) R3, we get-2 a 6h 10+ 3 3 +O —5 -1 —2 1 o1+]A > 7 +O 1 = 3 00 1 i 3 to 2 Applying R; — Ry + (5) Rg and Ry = 5 Ro + (5) R3, we get 100 $3 OS 010jat=|]3 0 4 001 set BL 10 5 10 42. 2 | il oATs=—]-5 0 5 10 1 -2 3 Pre-multiplying AX = B by A~!, we get A71(AX) = A71B ©. (ATTA) X = A71B “IX =A71B *X=A71B 1 4 eye! =—|-5 5] ]0 10 7. eaexr : 16+0+4+4 Zz 4—0+4+6 7 20 =—|-10 10 10 2 = |. 1 “. By equality of martices, we get x=2,y=-1andz=1.Que 29. Using vectors prove that the altitudes of a triangle are concurrent. Proof:- Let A, B and C be the vertices of a triangle Let AD, BE and CF be the altitudes of the A ABC, therefore AD 1 BC, BE 1 AC, CF 1 AB. Let ab, ,d.é, f be the position vectors of A, B, C, D, E, F respectively. Let P be the point of intersection of the altitudes AD and BE with Pas the position vector. Therefore, APL BC, BP 1 AC, _ To show that the altitudes AD, BE and CF are concurrer.. it is sufficient to show that the altitude CF passes through the point P. We will have to prove that CF and CP are collinear vectors. This can be achieved by showing CP_LAB Now from (1) we have, AP LBC and BP LAC AP1BC=0 and BPLAC=0 ©.(p—a).(e—b) = 0 and (p—b).(c-a) = 0 ©. pe-pb-act+ab= 0 von (2) pe-pa-betba=0 us (3) Therefore, subtracting equation (2) from equation (3), we get —p.at+ pb-be+ac= 0 (Sincea.b=b.a) p(b—a)~-c(b—a) = (p-c)-(b-a)= 0 CP-AB= 0 CP 1 ABQue. 30 Solve the L. P. P. by graphical method, Minimize z = 8x + 10y, Subject to 2x+y27, 2x + 3y 215 y22,x20 Solution:- First we draw the lines AB, CD and EF whose equations are 2x + y=7, 2x + 3y= 15 and y =2 respectively. Points on the X-axis | Line | Equation Points on sien Region | the Y-axis | Ap | 2k+y=7 | A(3.5, 0) CD |2x+3y=15| C(75,0) B(0, 7) > | non-origin : | side of line AB D(O, 5) | 2 |non-origin | side of | line CD T — | non-origin side of line EF | | F(0, 2) l>The Feasible region is EPQBY which is shaded in the graph. The vertices of the Feasible region are P, Q and B(0,7). Pis the point of intersection of the lines 2x + 3y=15andy=2.Substituting y —2 in 2x + 3y = 15, we get 2x + 3(2)=15 “2x=9 “xX=4.5 P= (4.5, 2) Q is the point of intersection of the lines 2x+3y=15... (1) and 2x+y=7... (2) On subtracting, we get 2y=8 “y=4 -. From (2),2x+4=7 “2x =3 “x=1.5 “-Q = (1.5, 4)The values of the objective Function z = 8x + 10y at these vertices are z(P) = 8(4.5) + 10(2) = 36 + 20 = 56 2(Q) = 8(1.5) + 10(4) = 12 + 40 = 52 2(B) = 8(0) +10(7) = 70 “.z has minimum value 52, when x= 1.5 andy=4Que 31 !f x = f(t) and y = g(t) are differentiable functions of t so that yis a differentiable function of x and it = z d ay 0 then a da ae dt Hence find — & sint, y=cost Solution:- Given that x = f (t) and y = g (t). Let there be a small increment in the value of t say 5t then 6x and 65y are the corresponding increments in x and y respectively. As 5t, 5x, 5y are small increments in t, x and y respectively such that 5t # 0 and &x #0. by Consider, the incrementary ratio = , and note that 6x > 0 > 6t> 0. = ay : x VF : x ie. —=4 , since — #0 on ot Taking the limit as 6¢ > 0 on both sides we get, by tim (87) _ jim { 30 &0 5) 80 = As 5t > 0, dx > 0 5 lim (8 lim (59) _ solar) bx0 i lim be) 310 5 Since x and y are differentiable function of ¢. we have,Since x and y are differentiable function of ¢. we have, » (dx) dr _ (dy) dy lim ory & and lim (*}-# exist and are finite ..... (Il) 50 ot dt 60 ét dt From (I) and (II), we get 5) dy lim *. BO (al) or bx = The R.H.S. of (III) exists and is finite, implies L.H.S.of (III) also exist and finite lim | by 9 br90 ox dx ‘Thus the equation (LI!) becomes, where a #0 dt Que. 32 If u and v are two functions of x, then prove that [owax=u fvax-/ [ae [vo dx Evaluate [x » ax Solution:- tet f vide = w.....(1) dw th — =v.....(2 en dn v (2) d d d Now (u, w) =u. ae) + wo, te) = uot um......trom(2 SU Ub WE ooseees rom(2)By definition of integration. du ww fluoro |e dx = fuvae + fw. Tae dx [rvde =uw- [wae dx =u fode— [| [vax dx f(logx) 1 dx = logs f1.dx~ J (“2% f1.dr) dx = (log:r)x - f= x dx = xlogx - f1.dx = xlogx-x+CQue. 33 Find the area of region between parabolas y 7= 4ax and x? = 4ay Solution:- The curves y? = 4ax and x?= 4ay intersects at points where (x2/4a)?=4ax 4 => “Ss =4ax = xt =64a5x 16a => a(x? - 640°) =0 > x=Oorx=4a We plot the curves on same system of axes to get the required region. 2 Teen a= fae 0 4a B28 2 ads —x2 -2— Nase 0 3 3 2 2 2 4 > (4a) 32a” 160° _ 16a . =—¥a(4a)2 -\—_ - Q= = - = units. ge ae DSQue 34 By using the properties of definite integrals, Prove n 4 that / log(1 + tanx)dx = 3 (98 2 0 n/4 I= Joga +tan x) dx a ele [) fe) ax= ft fla-x)de| n/4 n tan x = J yee dx 0 & 1+ tan * tan x T 4 /4 > 1 (ei an) de “Png on lay R 1 “J 1+tan x 1+tanx n/4 “J toe 2 |e n/4 n/4 = J log 2dx — J log (1+ tan x) dx 0 0 I =log 2[x15/* -1 Tt 21 =— log2 at Tice g 8