Trigonometric Identities
Trigonometric Identities
CPP
TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTIES : SHEET - 1
Basic Definitions, Measurement of angle, ASTC Theory
LEVEL-1
3. If sin x + sin2x = 1, then find the value of cos12x + 3 cos10x + 3 cos8 x + cos6 x – 1.
4. Prove the following :
(i) sec2 A cosec2A = tan2A + cot2A + 2
1 1 1 sin2 cos 2
(ii) 2 2
2 2
cos2 sin2 = .
sec cos cos ec sin 2 sin 2 cos 2
5. Prove that
(tan + cosec )2 – (cot – sec )2 = 2 tan cot (cosec + sec )
6. A circle centred at 'O' has radius 1 and contains the point A. Segment AB is tangent to the circle at A and
AOB = . If point C lies on OA and BC bisects the angle ABO then OC equals
(One or more option may correct)
cos 2
(A) sec (sec – tan ) (B)
1 sin
1 1 sin
(C) (D)
1 sin cos2
7. Let n denotes the interior angles (in degree) of a regular polygon of side n, then which of the following
is(are) correct? (One or more option may correct)
(A) The value of tan( 16 ) – cot( 16 ) is equal to 2 2 .
(B) The value of cosec( 24 ) is equal to 6 2. (C) The value of cot( 8 ) – sec( 6 ) is equal to
–1.
5
(D) The value of cos( 5 ) + cos( 10
) is equal to .
2
8. Which of the following statement(s) is(are) correct ? (One or more option may correct)
(A) If A = 130° and S = sin A + cos A, then S > 0.
(B) If cosec2 30° + k(cos 36° – sin 18°) = 5, then k equals 2.
(C) The minimum value of 27 tan2 + 3 cot2 is 18.
(D) If a, b are constant real numbers such that a2 b, then x2 + 2ax + b is always positive x R.
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LEVEL-2
a 2 ab a 2 ab
1 cos x2
cos x2
simplifies to
2 a 2 ab a a 2 ab tan x a a 2 ab tan x
1 1
(A) 2 (B)
a b cos x a b sin 2 x
1
(C) (D) some constant independent of x.
a b sec 2 x
(One or more option may correct)
sin 4 x cos 4 x 1
5. If + = , then which of the following is/are TRUE?
5 4 9
4 4
(A) cot2x = (B) tan2x =
5 5
64 125 125 64
(C) 6 + 6 = 1458 (D) 6 + = 1458
cos x sin x cos x sin 6 x
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Q.6 to 10 are "Subjective" type questions. (The answer to each of the questions is a single digit)
6. Find the exact value of cosec10° + cosec50° – cosec70°.
7. If sin x + sin2x + sin3x = 1, then find the value of log
sec
cos x 4cos x 8cos x .
6 4 2
3
a sin 4 x
5 sin 3 x 5 sin x
8. Let f(x) = 2 sin 2 x · a
a
·a and b
5 2 log 5 3
(a > 0, a 1).
cos ec 2 x
If the minimum value of f (x ) ·a b log a sin x is equal to a2k, k N, find k.
ANSWER - SHEET - 1
LEVEL - 1
3. 0
6. A, C, D
7. B, C, D
8. A, B, C, D
9. B
10. D
LEVEL - 2
1. B
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. A, C
6. 6
7. 2
8. 5
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TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTIES : SHEET - 2
Compound Angles, Allied angles
LEVEL - 1
1. Evaluate:-
(i) cot A + tan (180° + A) + tan (90° + A) + tan (360° – A)
(ii) sec (270° – A) sec (90° – A) – tan (270° – A) tan (90° + A) + 1
2. Evaluate:-
(i) sin 420° cos 390° + cos (– 300°) sin (– 330°)
(ii) tan 225° cot 405° + tan 765° cot 675°
3. Find the value of
3 7 9
(i) tan + tan + tan + tan
10 10 10 10
3 4 6 7
(ii) sin + sin + sin + sin
5 5 5 5
4. Evaluate:-
cos(360 A ) cot(90 A ) sin(90 A )
(i)
sin(270 A ) tan(180 A ) sin(90 A )
3 5
(ii) cot . cot . cot
12 12 12
5. Evaluate:-
2 5 3
(i) cos2 + sin2 – cot2
3 6 4
3 5 2
(ii) sin2 + sec2 + tan2
4 3 3
6. If the expression, 2 cos10° + sin 100° + sin 1000° + sin 10000°
is simplified, then it simplifies to
(A) cos 10° (B) 3 cos 10° (C) 4 cos 10° (D) 5 cos 10°
7. The value of log2 [cos2 ( + ) + cos2 () cos 2 . cos 2] :
(A) depends on and both (B) depends on but not on
(C) depends on but not on (D) independent of both and .
8. If cos ( + ) = m cos (), then tan is equal to
1 m 1 m 1 m 1 m
(A) tan (B) tan (C) cot (D) cot
1 m 1 m 1 m 1 m
9. , , and are the smallest positive angles in ascending order of magnitude which have their sines equal
to the positive quantity k . The value of
4 sin + 3 sin + 2 sin + sin is equal to :
2 2 2 2
(A) 2 1 k (B) 2 1 k (C) 2 k (D) 2 k
10. The expression S = sec 11° sec 19° – 2 cot 71° reduces to
1
(A) 2 cot 11° (B) tan 19° (C) 2 tan 11° (D) tan 19°
2
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LEVEL-2
3
Q.1 If tan 9q = (where 0 < q < ) then the value of (3 cosec 3q – 4 sec 3q) is equal to
4 18
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 10
Q.2 If A, B, C are interior angles of triangle ABC such that
(cos A + cos B + cos C)2 + (sin A + sin B + sin C)2 = 9 then number of possible triangles is
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 3 (D) infinite
Q.3 Let cos 5x cos 3x – sin 3x sin x = cos 2x, then which of the following can hold good?
(One or more options may be correct)
1
(A) cos2x = (B) sin42x + cos42x = 1
2
(C) sin 6x = 0 (D) tan2x = 1
Q.4 Two parallel chords are drawn on the same side of the centre of a circle of radius R . It is found that they
subtend an angle of and 2 at the centre of the circle . The perpendicular distance between the chords
is (One or more options may be correct)
3
(A) 2 R sin sin (B) 1 cos 1 2 cos R
2 2 2 2
3
(C) 1 cos 1 2 cos R (D) 2 R sin sin
2 2 4 4
Q.5 The value of the expression cot 2 cot 3 – cot 3 cot 5 – cot 5 cot 2 is equal to
(One or more options may be correct)
(A) sec(2010) (B) cos 2012 (C) tan 2001 (D) cosec(810°)
4 4
1
Q.6 If cos x cos 2x cos 3x – sin x sin 2x sin 3x = then which of the following can hold good?
2
(One or more options may be correct)
(A) sin 2x – cos 4x = 0 (B) sin 4x – cos 2x = 0
(C) sin 2x + cos 2x = 0 (D) sin 2x – cos 2x = 0
(Q.7 - 10 are "Subjective" type questions. (The answer to each of the questions is a natural number)
2 2 3 4 5 p
Q.7 If the expression cos cos 2 cos 2 cos 2 cos 2 has the value equal to in their
11 11 11 11 11 q
lowest form, then find (p + q).
cos 42 sin 42
Q.8 If = (tan + sec ) where 0 < < 90°, then find the value of in degree.
cos 42 sin 42
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ANSWER - SHEET - 2
LEVEL - 1
1. (i) 0 (ii) 0
2. (i) 1 (ii) 0
3. (i) 0 (ii) 0
4. (i) 1 (ii) 1
1 15
5. (i) – (ii)
2 2
6. A
7. D
8. C
9. B
10. C
LEVEL - 2
1. D
2. D
3. A, B, C, D
4. B, D
5. A, C, D
6. A, B, C
7. 13
8. 84
9. 100
10. 5
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TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTIES : SHEET - 3
Half angles & Multiple angles
LEVEL - 1
3
3. Prove that sin 20º sin 40º sin 60º sin 80º
16
3 A 5A
5. If cos A = then find the value of sin sin .
4 2 2
4 sec 20
6. Compute the square of the value of the expression .
cosec 20
cos 5A sin 5A
7. If a + b cos 4A, then find the value of (a + b).
cos A sin A
LEVEL-2
1 1 1 1 1 1
1. The value of the expression y = cos 8 when = simplifies to
2 2 2 2 2 2 12
(One or more options may be correct)
(A) a pure surd (B) a compound surd (C) a rational number (D) an irrational number
2. If x = sec tan and y = cosec + cot then (One or more options may correct)
y 1 1 x y 1
(A) x = (B) y = (C) x = (D) xy + x y + 1 = 0
y 1 1 x y 1
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b a2 b 2
(A) cos2x + cos2y =
1+ (B) cos x · cos y = –
2 2 4
(C) 2a3 + c = 3a (1 + b) (D) a + b + c = 3 abc
4. Which of the following statements are always correct? (where Q denotes the set of rationals)
(One or more options may be correct)
(A) cos 2 Q and sin 2 Q tan Q (if defined)
(B) tan Q sin 2, cos 2 and tan 2 Q (if defined)
(C) if sin Q and cos Q tan 3 Q (if defined)
(D) if sin Q cos 3 Q
5. Find the exact value of the expression
sin 40 sin 80 sin 20
T= .
sin 80 sin 20 sin 40
6. and are the positive acute angles and satisfying simultaneously the equation
5 sin 2 = 3 sin 2 and tan = 3 tan ,
find the value of tan + tan .
2
2
2 1 sin
l n ex 7
7. Find the number of solutions of the equation
2
.
e
ln 2 sin cos
x 7 7
8. The set of values of ‘a’ for which the equation, cos 2x + a sin x = 2a 7 possess a solution is
(A) (, 2) (B) [2, 6] (C) (6, ) (D) ()
9. One side of a rectangular piece of paper is 6 cm, the adjacent sides being longer
than 6 cms. One corner of the paper is folded so that it sets on the opposite longer
side. If the length of the crease is l cms and it makes an angle with the long side
as shown, then l is
3 6
(A) (B)
sin cos2 2
sin cos
3 3
(C) (D)
sin cos sin 3
sin k x cos k x
10. Let fk(x) = then f4(x) – f6(x) is equal to
k
1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1
(A) cos 2 2x (B) sin 2 x (C) cos2 x (D)
4 6 12 4 3 4 12
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ANSWER - SHEET - 3
LEVEL - 1
1 tan 2 A 1 tan 2 A 2
1. L.H.S. tan A + cot A = = 2 2 tan A = = 2 cosec 2 A
tan A sin 2A
A A A
2 sin 2 2 sin sin B
1 cos A cos B cos( A B) 2 2 2
2. L.H.S. =
1 cos A cos B cos( A B) 2 A A A
2 cos 2 cos cos B
2 2 2
A A A B B
sin sin B 2 sin cos
A 2 2 A 2 2 A B
= tan = tan = tan cot
2 A A 2 A B B 2 2
cos 2 cos 2 B 2 sin 2 sin 2
1
3. We know that sin (60º ) sin (60º ) sin 3
4
1 3
Let 20 º sin 20 º sin 40º sin 80º sin 60º sin 2 60 º
4 16
1 sin (3 ) 1
(tan 3 tan )
2 cos 3 cos 2
sin 3 1 sin 9 1
Similarly cos 9 2 (tan 9 tan 3) and cos 27 2 (tan 27 tan 9)
1
Required sum = (tan 27 tan )
2
11
5.
32
6. 3
7. 6
8. D
9. C
10. D
LEVEL - 2
1. B, D
2. B, C, D
3. A, B, C
4. A, B, C
5. 3
6. 4
7. 2
8. B
9. A
10. D
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TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTIES : SHEET - 4
(Maximum & minimum of Trigonometric expressions)
LEVEL - 1
1. Find maximum and minimum values of following f(x) = 10cos2x – 6sinx cosx + 2sin2x .
2. Find maximum and minimum values of following f(x) = cos x + 3 2 sin x + 6 .
4
3. The minimum value of the function f (x) = (3sin x – 4 cos x – 10)(3 sin x + 4 cos x – 10), is
4. If x, y R and satisfy the equation xy(x2 – y2) = x2 + y2 where x 0 then find the minimum possible value
of x2 + y2 .
5. Find the maximum value of ( 7 cos + 24 sin) × ( 7 sin – 24 cos) for every R .
1 cos 2x 8 sin 2 x
6. Let f (x) = , x (0, /2). Find the minimum value of f (x).
sin 2x
7. If L denotes the least value of the expression y = 9 sec2x + 16 cosec2x and M denotes the maximum value
of the expression y = sin2x + 8 cos x – 7, find the value of (L + M).
8. Find the minimum value of 8cos2x + 18sec2x x R wherever it is defined .
9. Find maximum and minimum values of following f(x) = 1 + 2sinx + 3cos2 x
10. If sin 1 – sin 2 = a and cos 1 + cos 2 = b, then find minimum and maximum values of (a2 + b2) .
LEVEL - 2
1
1
1. Show that 2sinx + 2cosx 2 2 for all real x.
A B
cot2 2 . cot 2 2
4. In ABC, find the minimum value of .
A
cot 2 2
5. Find the minimum vertical distance between the graphs of y = 2 + sin x and y = cos x .
9 x 2 sin 2 x 4
6. Find the minimum value of the expression for x (0, ) .
x sin x
7. Find the maximum value of f (x) if f (x + ) = 12 sin 3 x + 5 cos 3x + 3 .
2
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9. Let a, b, c, d be real numbers such that a + b + c + d = 10, then the minimum value of
a2 cot 9° + b2 cot 27° + c2 cot 63° + d2 cot 81° is n (n N). Find n.
10. Which of the following functions have the maximum value as unity ?
sin 2x cos 2x
(A) sin2 x cos2 x (B)
2
sin 2x cos 2x 6 1 1
(C) (D) sin x cos x
2 5 2 3
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ANSWER - SHEET - 4
LEVEL - 1
1. maximum = 11, minimum = 1
2. maximum = 11, minimum = 1
3. 49
4. 4
625
5.
2
6. 4
7. 50
8. 26
2 2
1 16 16 1
Now 0 sin x – – 3 sin x 0
3 9 3 3
2
1 13 13
– 1 – 3 sin x +
3 3 3
2 sin x 2cos x
2
2 sin x.2cos x = 2 sin x cos x
2 1/ 2
2 sin x 2cos x
2 sin x cos x 2 1/ 2
2
1
1
2 2 x R .
2. –2
3. –1
4. 1
5. 2– 2
6. 12
7. 10
8. 6
9. 125
10. A, B, C, D
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TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTIES : SHEET - 5
(Continued Product of Cosines & Conditional Identies)
LEVEL - 1
1
Q.1. Prove that : cos cos (60° + ) . cos (60° – ) = cos 3
4
3 5
Q.2. Prove that :cot . cot . cot =1
12 12 12
1
Q.3. Prove that sin A sin (60° + A) sin (60° – A) = sin 3A and hence deduce that
4
2 3 4 3
sin sin sin sin = .
9 9 9 9 16
sin( A B) sin( A B)
Q.4. Prove that : cos 2 A cos 2 B
=0
2 4 6
(i) cos + cos + cos
7 7 7
2 3 4 5 6
(ii) cos + cos + cos + cos + cos + cos
7 7 7 7 7 7
Q.6 Prove that (1 + sec 2) (1 + sec 4) ........... (1 + sec 2n ) = tan 2n . cot .
Q.7 In a triangle ABC, 3 sin A + 4 cos B = 6 and 3 cos A + 4 sin B = 1 then C can be
(A) 30° (B) 60° (C) 90° (D) 150°
C C A B
Q.8 If A + B + C = and sin A = k sin , then tan tan =
2 2 2 2
k1 k1 k k 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
k1 k1 k1 k
tan A tan A
(A)
cot A
(B) tan A tan A cot A
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9 8
k k
Q.3 Let S = sin 18 and C = cos 18
k 1 k 1
then which of the following relations is(are) correct?
3 1 1
(A) S – C = 0 (B) S + C = (C) S > C (D) <
128 S C
5 4
Q.4 Let S = cos(2r 1) 11
and P = cos 2r 15 , then
r 1 r 1
(A) logS P = – 4 (B) P = 3S (C) cosec S < cosec P (D) tan–1P < tan–1S
Q.5 If + + = and tan = 1, then find sin + sin .
4
5 6 7
Q.6 Let , and be three real numbers which are respectively equal to , and .
18 18 18
Find the value of sin2 + sin2 + sin2 – 2 cos cos cos .
1
x1 · x2 = cos ec 1 , where denotes the continued product.
64 22
Q.10 In any triangle ABC, prove that
sin3 A cos (B – C) + sin3B cos (C – A) + sin3C cos (A – B) = 3 sin A sin B sin C
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ANSWERS SHEET - 5
LEVEL-1
1
5. (i) – (ii) 0
2
7. A
8. A
9. A
10. C
LEVEL-2
1. B
2. B, D
3. A, B
4. C, D
5. 0
6. 2
7. 2
8. 11
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TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTIES : SHEET - 6
(Higher Level & Mixed Problems)
LEVEL - 1
Q.2 Let F(k) = 1 sin 1 sin (k 1) 1 sin (2k 1) 1 sin (3k 1)
2k 2k 2k 2k
Then find the value of F(1) + F(2) + F(3) .
n
sin( 3r )
Q.3 If P = (tan (3n +1) – tan ) and Q = , then find P in terms of Q .
r0 cos(3r 1 )
n
1
Q.4 Let fn() = 4n sin 4 (2n ) . Then which of the following alternative(s) is/are correct ?
n0
2 2
sin 1 cos cos
7 7 7
(C) (D)
2 2
1 cos sin sin
7 7 7
Q.6 In a right angled triangle the hypotenuse is 2 2 times the perpendicular drawn from the opposite vertex.
Then find the other acute angles of the triangle .
10 10 10 10
Q.7 The value of cot 7 + tan 67 – cot 67 – tan7 is :
2 2 2 2
(A) a rational number (B) an irrational number
(C) 2(3 + 2 3 ) (D) 2 (3 – 3 )
A B
cot2 2 . cot 2 2
Q.8 In ABC, find the minimum value of .
A 2
cot 2
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LEVEL-2
2 3
Q.1 Let E = cos2+ cos2 + cos2 . Then which of the following alternative(s) is/are incorrect?
7 7 7
(One or more options may correct.)
1 3 3 3 3 7
(A) <E< (B) < E < 1 (C) 1 < E < (D) <E<
2 4 4 2 2 4
1 1
Q.5 Let x be a real number in the interval 0, such that + 2 cot 2x = .
2 sin x · cos x 2
1
Find value of the expression – 2 cot 2x.
sin x · cos x
sin( x ) x 2 log(9 x )
Q.6 Find the sum of all integral values of x satisfying the equation =0.
( x 2 6 x 5)
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cot 2 x tan 2 x
Q.7 Let L be the least value of the expression if x 0,
5 8
1 sin 8x
2
11
r
Q.9 Find the sum sin 4 24 .
r 1
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ANSWERS SHEET - 6
LEVEL-1
1. cot 1°
7
2.
16
3. P = 2Q
4. C, D
5. A, C, D
3
6. and
8 8
7. B
8. 1
9. 11
10. 24
LEVEL-2
1. A, B, D
2. 1
3. 44
4. 2
5. 4
6. 30
7. 5
8. 0
9. 4
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