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MCE IGCSE Physics TWB C21 - Full Solutions

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292 views4 pages

MCE IGCSE Physics TWB C21 - Full Solutions

Uploaded by

saniedha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MCE Cambridge IGCSETM Physics Full Solutions to Questions in Theory Workbook Chapter 21

Chapter 21 Earth and the Solar System


Cambridge Assessment International Education bears no responsibility for the example answers to
questions taken from its past question papers which are contained in this publication. In examinations,
the way marks are awarded may be different.

Exercise 21A
1. (a) sun
(b) the Sun
(c) planet
(d) satellite
(e) the Earth
(f) moon
(g) the Moon

2.
24 hours

The Earth orbits the Sun. seven days

The Earth rotates on its


one month
axis.

The Moon orbits the


six months
Earth.

365 days

Four years

3. D

4.
24°

Include 24° of tilt

5. B

© 2021 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd


21.1
MCE Cambridge IGCSETM Physics Full Solutions to Questions in Theory Workbook Chapter 21

6.

7. (a) C
2𝜋𝑟
𝑣=
𝑇

(b) B
!"# !"(&.( × &+! )
v= = = 1.075 × 105 = 1.1 × 105 km/h
$ -.( × !/

Exercise 21B
1. (a
)

Jupiter
Uranus
Saturn
Mercury
Earth
Neptune
Venus
Mars
Pluto (dwarf planet)
(b)(i) D = Pluto
(ii)1 Mercury, 2 Venus, 3 Earth, 4 Mars, 5Jupiter, 6 Saturn, 7 Uranus, 8 Neptune

2. (a) Pluto; minor


(b) belt; comets
(c) elliptical; is not; circular; is

© 2021 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd


21.2
MCE Cambridge IGCSETM Physics Full Solutions to Questions in Theory Workbook Chapter 21

3.
Small and rocky planets Gaseous and large planets
Mercury Jupiter
Venus Saturn
Earth Uranus
Mars Neptune

4. C
0 2.3 × &+""
t= = = 2600 s = 43 minutes
1 - × &+!

5.
1 2
G R A V I T Y

C
3
D C
4
I N T E R S T E L L A R

S E

C T
5
E L L I P T I C A L

O
6
N E B U L A

6. 1. 4. 7. 3. 6. 5. 2.

7. (a) True
(b) False
(c) False
(d) True
(e) False
(f) True
(g) True

8. (a) Earth
(b) Temperature decreases as distance increases.
(c) No. This is because Jupiter has higher mass than Saturn/Uranus/Neptune but is closer to the Sun
(or vice versa).

Exercise 21C
1. Ticks in 1st and 3rd boxes
It takes the Moon one month to orbit the Earth. [1]
Mercury is the planet nearest to the Sun. [1]

2. Diagram showing Moon orbiting Earth and both lit from one direction by the Sun. [1]
Any three points labelled on diagram or in words: [3]
• Light reflected from Sun.
• One half of the Moon illuminated.
• Phase depends on how much of this half is seen from Earth.
• Example 1: full Moon when bright half faces Earth.
• Example 2: first quarter only a half of the bright side is seen from Earth.

© 2021 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd


21.3
MCE Cambridge IGCSETM Physics Full Solutions to Questions in Theory Workbook Chapter 21

3. (a) Satellite [1]


(b) speed = 456789:; in any form [1]
75<;
0 ..! × &+"#
t = 1 = - × &+! [1] = 207 = 210 s (2 s.f.) [1]
(c) Gravitational attraction/force of the Sun [1] (not just gravity)
(d) Less than Earth [1]
Allow one tenth as this incorrect value is suggested by mass 0.1

4. (a) Sun drawn should not be in the centre. In either of shaded areas. [1]

(b) At point closest to their Sun by eye [1]


(c) At point furthest from their Sun by eye [1]
(d) At point closest to their Sun OR Same point as marked in (b) [1]

5. (a) Jupiter
(b) v = !"# in any form or by substitution of correct values [1]
$
!" × !-+ × &+$
= ! × -.( × !/ [1]
= 8.2 × 104 km/h [1]
(c) The time to orbit increases as the distance from the Sun increases [1]
When distance 110 million km, time = 0.6 years. But when distance = 780 million km distance
= 12 years.
OR
Order of increasing distance = order of increasing time
See Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter[1]

(d) No (no mark - marks are for Justification)


The gravitational field strength does increase, [1] but it is not proportional. [1]
mass ÷ field strength OR field strength ÷ mass calculated for 2 planets [1]

© 2021 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd


21.4

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