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Chap 1 Quick Revision

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28 views1 page

Chap 1 Quick Revision

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mahanlucky894
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ECONOMICS BY PUNEET GROVER

Indian Economy
AT THE EVE OF INDEPENDENCE

TYPESOF ECONOMY INDUSTRY DEMOGRAPHIC


CONDITION
1. STAGNANT ECONOMY

R
2. VIBRANT ECONOMY REASONS FOR DECAY OF
3. BACKWARD ECONOMY INDUSTRY AT THE EVE OF

VE
4. DEVELOPING ECONOMY
1. Discriminatory tariff policy. INDEPENDENCE
2. Disappearance of princely courts. 1. Birth Rate 40 & Death rate 48 per
3. Competition with machine made product. 1000.
AGRICULTURE

O
4. New pattern of demand (Western 2.Infant Mortality Rate 218/1000,
lifestyle) Now 34/1000.
5. Introduction of railways.

R
3.Life expectancy 32 years, at
AGRICULTURE AT THE present 68 years.
AGRICULTURE
EVE OF INDEPENDENCE

G
4. Literacy rate 16%, female 7%.
SLOW GROWTH OF Gender inequality.
1. Low Production and Low Productivity MODERN INDUSTRY
(a) Lack of technology

T
(b) Lack of irrigation facility
1. Only few industries were private.

EE
(c) Negligible use of fertilizer OCCUPATIONAL
2. The participation of state i.e. British govt.
2. High vulnerability
was negligible. STRUCTURE
3. Wedge b/w owner &tiller of soil.
3. Capital goods industries was non-
4. Small & fragmented land holdings
existence.
N
AT THE EVE OF
PU

REASONS FOR BACKWARD & INDEPENDENCE


FOREIGN TRADE INDEPENDENCE
STAGNANT AGRICULTURE 1. Agriculture70-75 %
2. Industrial 10%
1. Land revenue system under British Raj. 3. Tertiary 15-20 % and
2. Forced commercialization of agr. FOREIGN TRADE AT THE EVE there were also regional disparities
BY

3. Partition of India. OF INDEPENDENCE i.e. Punjab, Orissa &Rajasthan


witnessed growth, whereas Bombay,
1. Net exporter of primary product & Madras & Bengal witnessed decline
importer of finished product. in agriculture.
2. Britain had monopoly control of
S

India’s foreign trade.


3. Surplus trade but only to benefit the
IC

POSITIVE IMPACT OF Britishers.


BRITISH RULE INFRASTRUCTURE
M

1. Commercialisation of agriculture.
2. Roads and railways were built. AT THE EVE OF
O

3. Control over famines. INDEPENDENCE


4. Monetary system of exchange.
5. Efficient system of administration. 1. RoadsINDEPENDENCE
N

2. Railways introduced in 1850 &


operated from 1853
O

3. Water (SUEZ CANAL 1869) and Air


transport (1932 TATA AIRLINES)
EC

4. Communication (Postal 1837)


(telegraph 1857 only for use of
British)

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