U20AECT04 – Aircraft Navigation System (Question Bank)

Part A – (10 x 2 = 20 Marks)

(Answer ALL questions)
BL
S.No Question Unit (R/U/Ap/An/E/ CO
C)
1 Define Air Navigation. I R CO1
2 State the advantages of INS? I R CO1
3 State Pilotage? I R CO1
4 Define inertial sensors? I R CO1
5 Define rate gyros. I R CO1
6 Define Free-Flight Concept. I R CO1
7 Define EFIS I R CO1
8 Define Directional Gyros. I R CO1
9 Define TACAN. I R CO1
10 Define accelerometers. I R CO1
Unit – I Navigation Systems & Inertial Sensors

Part B (4Marks)
(Answer ALL questions)
BL
S.No Question Unit (R/U/Ap/An/E/ CO
C)
Express Rotational matrix for conversion of Body
1 I U CO1
frame to Earth fixed frame of reference.
Explain the basic Principle of inertial navigation U
2 I CO1
system.
Discuss about DR navigation system and position U
3 I CO1
fixing system.
Explain The following Terms (1) Rigidity (2) U
4 I CO1
Precession
.Explain the different types of displacement U
5 I CO1
Gyroscope.
6 Explain about Sagnac Effect. I U CO1
7 State the advantages of Inertial Navigation System. I R CO1
List the physical effects of earth for the Inertial R
8 I CO1
processing unit.
Illustrate the block diagram of aircraft navigation U
9 I CO1
systems.
Define precession of the gyroscope and how it’s R
10 I CO1
related to RPM and applied force.

Part C – (12 Marks)

(Answer Either (a) or (b) of each question)
BL
S.No Question Unit (R/U/Ap/An/E/ CO
C)
1 Discuss in detail about Fiber optical gyroscopes. I U CO1
2 Explain working principle of Accelerometer. I U CO1
 Explain the construction and working of RLG with U CO1
3 I
neat sketch.
4 Discuss the performance characteristics of RLG. I U CO1
5 Explain the working principle of mechanical gyroscopes. I U CO1
Explain the working principle of INS with suitable U CO1
6 I
diagram.
7 Discuss in detail about optical gyroscopes. I U CO1

Unit- II Inertial Navigation Systems

Part A – (10 x 2 = 20 Marks)

(Answer ALL questions)
BL
S.No Question Unit (R/U/Ap/An/E/ CO
C)
1 State the necessity of reference coordinate systems. II R CO2
2 Define Gimbal Lock. II R CO2
3 List some methods for coordinate transformation. II R CO2
List six fundamental coordinate frames for expressing R CO2
4 II
motion related to some frame of reference.
5 List the basic principles of radio navigation. II R CO2
6 List the different types of radio navigation. II R CO2
Tell us what output is produced from an R CO2
7 accelerometer after the first integration II
process?
List any two advantages and disadvantages R CO2
8 II
of inertial navigation systems.
9 Define quaternions. II R CO2
10 Define DCM. II R CO2

Part B (4Marks)
(Answer ALL questions)
BL
S.No Question Unit CO
(R/U/Ap/An/E/C)
1 Explain the tuning fork configuration. II U CO2
Discuss about DR navigation system and position fixing U CO2
2 II
system.
3 Explain ECEF and ECI frames. II U CO2
Explain the reasons to be considered for the U CO2
4 II
earth as inertial space.
5 Explain attitude algorithms. II U CO2
Illustrate the block diagram of aircraft navigation U CO2
6 II
systems.
7 Discuss about Inertial Reference Unit. II U CO2
8 Discuss the inertial navigation principles. II U CO2
9 Explain Gimbal lock II U CO2
10 Discuss in detail about Wander -Azimuth frame. II U CO2

Part C – (12 Marks)

(Answer Either (a) or (b) of each question)
S.No Question Unit BL CO
 (R/U/Ap/An/E/C)
1 Explain Strap down INS mechanization in detail. II U CO2
2 II U CO2
3 Explain three different types of INS configurations. II U CO2
Explain Inertial Navigation system with neat block U CO2
4 II
diagram.
Explain the operation of inertial navigation system and U CO2
5 II
explain its two types of construction.
6 Explain Schuler Tuning with neat sketch. II U CO2
Discuss in detail about coordination transformation U CO2
7 II
methods.

Unit – III Radio Navigation

Part A – (10 x 2 = 20 Marks)

(Answer ALL questions)
BL
S.No Question Unit (R/U/Ap/An/E/ CO
C)
1 State the basic principles of hyperbolic radio navigation. III R CO3
2 List the uses of Non-Directional Beacon. III R CO3
3 Define TACAN. III R CO3
4 State dead reckoning system. III R CO3
5 Define radar navigation principles. III R CO3
6 Define ADF. III R CO3
7 List the various ADF equipment. III R CO3
Describe the ways how ground and sky waves are U CO3
8 III
affected?
9 Tell us why do ADF antennas need a sense loop? III R CO3
List various modes in which a DME interrogator can R CO3
10 III
operate.

Part B (4Marks)
(Answer ALL questions)
BL
S.No Question Unit (R/U/Ap/An/E/ CO
C)
1 Discuss the operational aspects of ADF. III U CO3
2 III U CO3
3 Explain the working of DECCA navigation system. III U CO3
4 Discuss the working of Radio-Beacon. III U CO3
Explain the function of the ADF/ANT switch that is U CO3
5 III
present on some ADF panels.
6 Discuss the working of Doppler VOR. III U CO3
7 Explain the working OMEGA navigation system. III U CO3
8 State the advantages and disadvantages of VOR III R CO3
9 Explain about VOR Indicator display. III U CO3
10 State the advantages and disadvantages of NDB III R CO3

Part C – (12 Marks)

(Answer Either (a) or (b) of each question)
S.No Question Unit BL CO
 (R/U/Ap/An/E/
C)
Explain the working of Automatic Direction Finder and U
1 Non-Directional Beacon in detail with advantages and III CO3
disadvantages.
Explain the working principle of LORAN with neat U CO3
2 III
sketch.
3 Explain the various ADF equipment and its functions. III U CO3
4 Explain the various operational aspects of ADF. III U CO3
Explain the working of Distance Measuring Equipment in U CO3
5 III
detail.
6 Explain the working principle of VOR. III U CO3
7 Explain the working of DECCA navigation system. III U CO3

Unit – IV Approach and Landing Aids

Part A – (10 x 2 = 20 Marks)

(Answer ALL questions)
BL
S.No Question Unit (R/U/Ap/An/E/ CO
C)
Tell us the frequency bands do the localizer and glide
1 IV R CO4
slope use.
2 Define Flare. IV R CO4
3 List the advantages and disadvantages of ILS. IV R CO4
4 Define marker beacons. IV R CO4
5 List the various categories of ILS. IV R CO4
6 List the various ILS airborne equipment. IV R CO4
Tell us the range, altitude and frequency band of MLS R CO4
7 IV
can operate.
Tell us where are the localizer and glide slope antennas R CO4
8 IV
located?
Name the type of radar system is used for the low R CO4
9 IV
range radio altimeter (LRRA).
10 How does the MLS provide range to the runway? IV R CO4

Part B (4Marks)
(Answer ALL questions)
BL
S.No Question Unit (R/U/Ap/An/E/ CO
C)
1 Discuss the various ILS airborne equipment. IV U CO4
2 Explain radio altimeter. IV U CO4
Explain why a MLS can be advantageous for use in U CO4
3 IV
mountainous areas or in areas of high population?
4 Discuss MLS provide range to the runway? IV U CO4
5 Explain various MLS airborne equipment. IV U CO4
6 List the advantages of MLS over ILS. IV R CO4
7 Explain about types of runway approach. IV U CO4
8 Discuss about Surveillance radar system IV U CO4
9 Explain about GNSS Landing System. IV U CO4
State the advantage and disadvantage of GNSS landing R CO4
10 IV
system
 Part C – (12 Marks)
(Answer Either (a) or (b) of each question)
BL
S.No Question Unit (R/U/Ap/An/E/ CO
C)
Discuss in detail about Instrument landing system and its U
1 IV CO4
components.
Illustrate the working of Marker beacons in approach and U CO4
2 IV
landing.
Illustrate the working of microwave landing systems and U CO4
3 IV
its advantages over ILS.
Explain the principle of operation of the time U CO4
4 IV
referenced azimuth scanning beam used in the MLS.
5 Explain the working of GLS. IV U CO4
Discuss in detail about working principle of radio U CO4
6 IV
altimeter.
Discuss the working and location of glide path and U CO4
7 IV
localiser antennas.

Unit - V Satellite Navigation

Part A – (10 x 2 = 20 Marks)

(Answer ALL questions)
BL
S.No Question Unit (R/U/Ap/An/E/ CO
C)
How many GPS satellites are there and how are they
1 V R CO5
arranged into orbits?
2 Define GPS. V R CO5
3 Explain satellite navigation principles. V R CO5
How many satellites need to be in view to be able R CO5
4 to calculate a two-dimensional position on the V
earth’s surface?
5 Define differential GPS. V R CO5
6 Name the segments in GPS. V R CO5
7 Define atomic clocks. V R CO5
8 List the advantages and disadvantages of GPS. V R CO5
9 List the applications of GPS. V R CO5
10 Define Kalman Filter. V R CO5

Part B (4Marks)
(Answer ALL questions)
BL
S.No Question Unit (R/U/Ap/An/E/ CO
C)
Explain the working of three segments in CO5
1 V U
GPS.
Write short note on augmented satellite U CO5
2 V
navigation system.
3 Discuss the purpose and functioning of differential GPS. V U CO5
4 Explain the principles of wave propagation. V U CO5
5 Explain the working of space segment in GPS. V U CO5
6 List the applications of GPS. V R CO5
List the advantages and disadvantages of GPS compared R CO5
7 V
to other satellite navigation systems.
 State the advantage and disadvantage of Augmented R CO5
8 V
satellite navigation systems.
9 State the advantage and disadvantage of DGPS V R CO5
10 List the application of Kalman filter. V R CO5

Part C – (12 Marks)

(Answer Either (a) or (b) of each question)
BL
S.No Question Unit (R/U/Ap/An/E/ CO
C)
Explain working principle of Differential GPS. U
1 V CO5
(ii) Augmented satellite navigation systems
Explain the functioning and components of global U CO5
2 V
positioning system.
3 Discuss in detail about differential GPS. V U CO5
4 Explain the working of various segments in GPS. V U CO5
Explain working principle of Augmented satellite U CO5
5 V
navigation systems.
With the help of neat diagram explain the principle and U CO5
6 V
various segments of a global positioning system.
7 Discuss about Kalman Filter. V U CO5