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Distribution System

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4 views

Distribution System

Uploaded by

Chirag Solanki
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Seminar Report on

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

INSTITUDE OF TECHNOLOGY

GANPAT UNIVERSITY

[1]
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that report work embodied in this semester entitled
‘’Canal lining ” Was carried out by following student at B. S. PATEL
POLYTECHNIC for parti Fulfilment of Diploma Engineering. This
Project Work has been carried out under my supervision and is up to
my satisfaction.

BHAGORA PRAKASHBHAI 22171311017


BHURIYA ROHITBHAI 22171311019

DATE: 02/ 10/2024

Place: GANPAT UNIVERSITY

Signature of Guide

Dr.A.J. Patel

Assistant Professor

Civil Engineering Department

B. S. PATEL POLYTECHNIC

[2]
Ganpat University

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Report brings about dramatic changes in the traditional lookout of


science & technology. It has widened our vision, opened newer
avenues and lightened the dark obscure fact of mysterious universe.
Behind every success there are lot many efforts, but efforts are
fruitful due to hands making the passage smoother. We express our
deep sense of gratitude for hands, people extended to us during our
work.

We would like to thank to our Guide Dr.A.J. Patel Assistant


Professor of Civil Engineering Department, B. S. PATEL POLYTECHNIC,
for his moral support, constant unceasing encouragement, critical
evaluation, suggestion, constant untiring guidance and affection
during the entire span of our under-graduation study.

With reverence and gratitude, we would like to thank Mr. V. N.


PATEL, Head of Department of Civil Engineering, B. S. Patel
Polytechnic 7 Institute of Technology, who has provided us the
necessary knowledge and guidance for enabling our project work
successfully at regular interval .

At the occasion of Seminar Report submission, we would like to


thank from the bottom of my heart to Our Parents and Department
of Civil Engineering for their endless love, support and

encouragement. Last but not least we pay our reverence to this


institute, B. S. Patel Polytechnic / Institute of Technology. We are
proud to be associated with this college

[3]
. Place: GANPAT UNIVERSITY

SR TITLE PAGE
.NO .NO
1 INTRODUCTION 5
2 REQUIREMENT OF GOOD DISTRIBUTION 5
3 CLASSIFICATION OF NETWORKS 6
4 METHODS OF WATER DISTRIBUTION 11
5 DISTRIBUTION RESERVOIRS 13
6 TYPES of RESERVOIRS 14
7 TYPES of TANKS 15
8 TYPES OF PIPES 17

[4]
1. INTRODUCTION

 The purpose of distribution system is to deliver


water to
 consumer with appropriate quality, quantity &
pressure.
 Distribution system is used to describe collectively
the
 facilities used to supply water from its source to
the point of
 usage.

2. REQUIREMENT OF GOOD DISTRIBUTION

 Water quality should not get deteriorated in the


distribution
 pipes.
 It should be capable of supplying water at all the
intended
 places with sufficient pressure.
 It should be capable of supplying the requisite
amount of
 water during fire fighting.

[5]
3. CLASSIFICATION OF NETWORKS

a. Dead End System

b.Radial System

c. Grid Iron System

d.Ring System

[6]
a. Dead End System

It is suitable for old towns and Cities having no


different pattern of Roads.

Advantage :-
Relatively cheap
Determination of discharge and pressure easier due to
less
number of valves.

[7]
b.Radial System

The area is divided into different zones.The water is


pumped into the distribution reservoir kept in the
middle of each zone. The supply pipes are laid rapidly
ending towards the periphery.

Advantages :-
 It gives quick service
 Calculation of pipe size is easy

[8]
c.Grid Iron System

It is suitable for cities with rectangular layouts, where


the water mains and branches are laid in rectangles.

Advantage :-
 Water is kept in good circulation due to absence of
dead
 ends
 In the case of break down in some section, water is
 available from some other direction

[9]
Disadvantage :-
 Exact calculation of sizes of pipes are not possible
due to
 provisions of valves on all branches.

d.Ring System

The supply main is laid all along the peripheral roads


and sub mains branch out from the mains. This
systemalso follows the grid iron system with the
flowpatternsimilar in character to that ofdead end
system.So determination of the size of pipes is easy.

[10]
4. METHODS OF WATER DISTRIBUTION
 distribution system by following ways –
 Gravity System
 Pumping System
 Combined gravity and pumping system

Gravity System

Suitable when source of supply is at sufficient


height.Most reliable and economical distribution
system.The water head available atthe consumer is just
minimum required. The remaining head is consumed in
the frictional and other losses

[11]
Pumping System

Treated water is directly into thedistribution main out


storing.Also called pumping withoutstorage
system.High lifts pumps are required.If power supply
fails, completestoppage of water supply. The method is
not general used.

Combined gravity and pumping system


Treated water is pumped and stored in an
elevateddistribution reservoir.Then supplies to
consumer by action of gravity.Economical, efficient and
reliable system.

[12]
5.DISTRIBUTION RESERVOIRS

Distribution reservoirs, also called service reservoirs,


are the storage reservoirs, which store the treated
water for supplying water duringemergencies ( such as
during fires, repairs, etc.) and also to help in absorbing
the hourly fluctuations in the normal water
demand.Function of distribution reservoirs-To absorb
the hourly variations in demand.To maintain constant
pressure in the distribution main.Water stored can be
supplied during emergencies

[13]
6.TYPES of RESERVOIRS
a) surfaace reservoirs
b)Elevated reservoirs

a.Surfaace reservoirs
These also called ground reservoirs Mostly circular or
rectangular tanks.Underground reservoir are preferred
especially when the size is large.These reservoirs are
constructed high natural grounds and are usually made
of stones, brick, plain or reinforced concrete
cement.The side walls are designed to take up the
pressure of the water when the reservoir is full and the
earth pressure, when it is empty

[14]
b.Elevated reservoirs
It is also referred to as overhead tanks are required
at distribution areas which are not governed and
controlled by the gravity system of
distribution.These are rectangular, circular or
elliptical in shape.If the topography of the town not
suitable for under gravity, the elevated tank or
reservoir are used. They are constructed where
combine gravity and pumping system of water
distribution is adopted. These tanks may be steel or
RCC.

7.TYPES of TANKS
 R.C.C. Tanks
 G.I. Tanks
 H.D.P.E Tanks

[15]
Tanks R.C.C.

G.I. Tanks

H se.D.P.E Tanks

[16]
8.TYPES OF PIPES

PVC PIPES STANDS Polyvinyl Chloride

Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride PIPES

[17]
Copper Pipe

[18]

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