CSIR NET-JRF Physical Sciences June-2023

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CSIR NET-JRF Physical Sciences Paper June-2023

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PART B
Q1. A jar J1 contains equal number of balls of red, blue and green colours, while another jar
J2 contains balls of only red and blue colours, which are also equal in number. The
probability of choosing J1 is twice as large as choosing J2. If a ball picked at random
from one of the jars turns out to be red, the probability that it came from J1 is
2 3
1. 2.
3 5
2 4
3. 4.
5 7
Ans: (4)
Solution:

R, B, G R, B

Jar1( J1) Jar 2 ( J2 )

P ( J 1) = Probability of choosing Jar 1 ( J 1) = 2

3
1
P ( J 2 ) = Probability of choosing Jar 2 ( J 2 ) =
3
1
P ( R J 1) = Probability of picking a red ball given that it is from Jar 1 ( J 1) =
3
1
P ( R J 2 ) = Probability of picking a red ball given it is from Jar 2 ( J 2 ) =
2
∴ P ( J 1 R ) = Probability a ball picked is red and it came from J 1

Using Bayes' theorem,

2 1
P ( J 1) ⋅ P ( R J 1) ⋅
4
P ( J1 R ) = = = 3 3
P ( J 1) ⋅ P ( R J 1) + P ( J 2 ) ⋅ P ( R J 2 ) 2 ⋅ 1 + 1 ⋅ 1 7
3 3 3 2
 3 −1 2 
 
Q9. The matrix M =  −1 2 0  satisfies the equation M 3 + α M 2 + β M + 3 =0 if (α , β )
 2 0 1
 
are
1. ( −2, 2 ) 2. ( −3,3)

3. ( −6, 6 ) 4. ( −4, 4 )

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Ans: (3)
Solution:
3−λ −1 2
Characteristic equation M − λ I =
0 ⇒ −1 2−λ 0 = 0
2 0 1− λ

⇒ 2 0 − 2 ( 3 − λ )  − 0 + (1 − λ ) ( 3 − λ )( 2 − λ ) − 1 =0

⇒ −4 ( 3 − λ ) + (1 − λ ) 6 − 3λ − 2λ + λ 2 − 1 =0 ⇒ −4 ( 3 − λ ) + (1 − λ ) λ 2 − 5λ + 5 =

0

( )
⇒ −12 + 4λ + λ 2 − 5λ + 5 − λ 3 + 5λ 2 − 5λ =
0 ⇒ −λ 3 + 6λ 2 − 6λ − 7 =0

⇒ λ 3 − 6λ 2 + 6λ + 7 =0 ⇒α =−6 , β = 6 .
∞
Q10. The value of the integral I = ∫ e − x x sin ( x ) dx is
0

3 2
1. 2.
4 3
1 1
3. 4.
2 4
Ans: (3)
Solution:
∞
=I e x sin ( x ) dx L [ x sin x ] with s = 1 .
∫=
−x

d d  1  2s
 L  x n f ( x )  = ( −1) F ( s ) ⇒ L [ x sin x ] =
n
−  2 =
ds ds  s + 1  ( s 2 + 1)2

∞
2 ×1 1
=I ∫e
−x
( x ) dx L [=
x sin= x sin x ] = s =1
( )
2
0 1 +1
2 2

 π ( z − 1) − 1 
Q17. The locus of the curve Im   = 1 in the complex z -plane is a circle centred at
 z −1 

( x0 , y0 ) and radius R . The values of ( x0 , y0 ) and R , respectively, are

 1 1  1 1
1. 1,  and 2. 1, −  and
 2 2  2 2

3. (1,1) and 1 4. (1, −1) and 1

Ans: (1)
Solution:

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 π ( z − 1) − 1   1   1 
 Im   = 1 ⇒ Im  π − =1 ⇒ Im  π − =1
 z −1   z −1   x + iy − 1 
 1 
⇒ Im  π −  =
1
 ( x − 1) + iy
 

⇒ Im  π −
( x − 1) − iy  =1⇒
y
1 ⇒ ( x − 1) + y 2 =
=
2
y
 ( x − 1)
2
+ y 2  ( x − 1)
2
+ y 2
 
2 2
 1 1
⇒ ( x − 1) +  y −  =
2
 
 2 2

 1 1
The values of ( x0 , y0 ) and R , respectively, are 1,  and .
 2 2

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PART C
Q6. The bisection method is used to find a zero x0 of the polynomial f ( x ) = x3 − x 2 − 1 .

Since f (1) = −1 , while f ( 2 ) = 3 the values a = 1 and b = 2 are chosen as the boundaries

of the interval in which the x0 lies. If the bisection method is iterated three times, the

resulting value of x0 is

15 13
1. 2.
8 8
11 9
3. 4.
8 8
Ans: (3)
Solution:
Given =
a 1,=
b 2
a + b 1+ 2
Zero after 1st Iteration = = = 3
2 2 2
1 2

( )
3 2
3 3
1 0.125 ( +ve )
∴ f 3 =   −   −= 0
2 2 2

∴ [ a, b ] ← 1, 3 
 2

1+ 3
= =
Zero after second iteration: 2 5
2 4
3 2
5 5 5
∴ f   =  −   − 1 =−0.609375 ( −ve ) 5
4
4 4 4
3
5 3 2
∴ [ a, b ] ←  , 
4 2
5 +3
=
Zero after third iteration x0 =4 2 11
2 8
 11 
∴ f  = −0.2890 ( −ve )
8 11
3
11 
∴ [ a, b ] ←  , 3  3
2
8 2 
11
∴ Zero, x0 after three iteration is x0 =
8

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Q10. A random variable Y obeys a normal distribution

1  (Y − µ )2 
P (Y )
= exp  − 
σ 2π  2σ 2 

The mean value of eY is
σ2
µ+
2. e µ −σ
2
2
1. e
σ2
µ +σ 2 µ−
2
3. e 4. e
Ans: (1)
Solution:

1  (Y − µ )2 
P (Y )
= exp  − 
σ 2π  2σ 2 


1  (Y − µ )2 
∞
Mean value of e =∫ e ⋅ σ 2π exp − 2σ 2  dY
Y Y

−∞  
Y −µ
Now, Let = X ⇒ Y =µ +σ X σ dX
⇒ dY =
σ
∞
1 1
− X2 1
∞
( µ +σ X − X 2 ) dX
2

∫e ⋅ ∫e
µ +σ X
Mean value of eY = e 2 ⋅ σ dX =
−∞ σ 2π 2π −∞

∞ ∞
1 1
( )
− ( X −σ ) − σ 2 + 2 µ 
2
1 12 (σ 2 + 2 µ ) − 12 ( X −σ )2
= ∫e 2
dX = ∫e

e dX
2π −∞ 2π −∞

∞ 1
− ( X −σ )2
Also, ∫e
−∞
2
dX = 2π

σ 2 

∴ Mean Value of eY =
1 12 (σ 2 + 2 µ )
e

2π = e
2
+ µ 

=e
( µ +σ 2 )
2

2π

Q21. The matrix Rn̂ (θ ) represents a rotation by an angle θ about the axis n̂ . The value of θ

 
 −1 0 0 
 
 1 2 2
and n̂ corresponding to the matrix  0 − , respectively, are
3 3 
 
 2 2 1 
0 
 3 3 

 2 1   1 2
1. π 2 and  0, − ,  2. π 2 and  0, , 
 3 3   3 3 

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 2 1   1 2
3. π and  0, − ,  4. π and  0, , 
 3 3   3 3 

Ans: (4)
Solution:

    
 −1 0 0    
0   0 
 
 1 2 2  1   1   1 2
0 −  =  . So  0, ,  is rotation axis.
3 3  3  3  3 3 
 
 2 2 1  2  2
0    
 3 3   3  3

 
 −1 0 0 
 1 1
 1 2 2    
0 −  0 =
−0 . So iˆ → −iˆ and rotation angle is π .
3 3   0
 0  
 2 2 1 
0 
 3 3 

  
 −1 0 0   −1 0 0 
   1 0 0
 1 2 2  1 2 2  
Or let check ( R=
nˆ )
2
R=
nˆ Rnˆ 0 −  0 − =  0 1 1  = I3
3 3 3 3   
   0 1 1
 2 2 1  2 2 1 
0  0 
 3 3  3 3 

So ( Rn̂ ) corresponds to 3600 rotation, thus Rn̂ corresponds to 1800 .

2

∞ x
−
Q25. The value of the integral ∫ dx2 π
δ ( sin x ) where δ ( x ) is the Dirac delta function, is
−∞

1. 3 2. 0 3. 5 4. 1
Ans: (1)
∞ x
−
Solution: I = ∫ 2 π
δ ( sin x )dx
−∞

( x ) sin
Let f = = nπ where n = 0, ±1, ±2, ±3....
x 0 ⇒ xi = and f ′ ( x ) = cos x

δ ( x − 0 ) δ ( x − π ) δ ( x + π ) δ ( x − 2π ) δ ( x + 2π )
Thus δ ( sin x ) = + + + + + ...
cos 0 cos π cos ( −π ) cos π cos ( −π )

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δ ( sin x ) = δ ( x − 0 ) + δ ( x − π ) + δ ( x + π ) + δ ( x − 2π ) + δ ( x + 2π ) + ...
∞ x
−
=I ∫2 π δ ( x − 0 ) + δ ( x − π ) + δ ( x + π ) + δ ( x − 2π ) + δ ( x + 2π ) + ...dx
−∞

(
⇒ I = 2−0 + 2.2−1 + 2.2−2 + 2.2−3 + .... ⇒ I =1 + 2 2−1 + 2−2 + 2−3 + .... )
∞
 2−1 
x
−
⇒ I =1 + 2  −1 
==
1 + 2 =3 ⇒ I ∫ 2=
π
δ ( sin x )dx 3
 1− 2  −∞

( −1)  x 
2k +n
k
∞
Q27. If the Bessel function of integer order n is defined as Jn ( x) = ∑   then
k = 0 k !( n + k ) !  2 

d −n
 x J n ( x )  is
dx 
1. − x −( n +1) J n +1 ( x ) 2. − x −( n +1) J n −1 ( x )

3. − x − n J n −1 ( x ) 4. − x − n J n +1 ( x )

Ans: (4)

Solution: We know that J1 ( x ) = − J 0′ ( x ) and J − n ( x ) = ( −1) J n ( x ) . Let us verify each

n

d −n d −0
option by taking n = 0 . Then =  x J n ( x )  =  x J 0 ( x )  J 0′ ( x )
dx dx 
1
(1) − x −( n +1) J n +1 ( x ) : − x −( 0+1) J 0+1 ( x ) =
− J1 ( x )
x
1 1
(2) − x −( n +1) J n −1 ( x ) : − x −( 0+1) J 0−1 ( x ) =
− J −1 ( x ) = J1 ( x )
x x
(3) − x − n J n −1 ( x ) : − x −0 J 0−1 ( x ) =
− J −1 ( x ) =
J1 ( x )

(4) − x − n J n +1 ( x ) : − x −0 J 0+1 ( x ) =
− J1 ( x ) .

Hence option (4) is correct.

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PART B
Q3. A uniform circular disc on the xy -plane with its centre at the origin has a moment of
inertia I 0 about the x -axis. If the disc is set in rotation about the origin with an angular

=
velocity

( )
ω ω0 ĵ + kˆ , the direction of its angular momentum is along

1. −iˆ + ˆj + kˆ 2. −iˆ + ˆj + 2kˆ

3. ˆj + 2kˆ 4. ĵ + kˆ
Ans: (3) z
Solution.: I z = I x + I y = 2I0

 I0 0 0 
 
Moment of inertia tensor I =  0 I0 0 
y
0 2 I 0 
 0
I y = I0

 I0 0 0  0  0
   
=
L I= ω  0 I 0 0  
 ω0 
 
 ω =  ω0  I x = I0
 0 0 2 I  ω  ω 
 0  0   0

⇒= L I 0ω0 ˆj + 2 I 0ω0 kˆ

⇒
= L I 0ω0 ˆj + 2kˆ ( )
Q12. A one-dimensional rigid rod is constrained to move inside a sphere such that its two ends
are always in contact with the surface. The number of constraints on the Cartesian
coordinates of the endpoints of the rod is
1. 3 2. 5
3. 2 4. 4
Ans: (1) O
• ( x1 , y1 , z1 )
Solution.: P
Equation of constraints for the coordinates of end points 
P and Q are as follows: Q
(i) x + y + z =
2
1 R2
1
2
1
2 ( x2 , y2 , z2 )

(ii) x22 + y22 + z22 =

R2

( x2 − x1 ) + ( y2 − y1 ) + ( z2 − z1 )
2 2 2
(iii) =


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Q14. The minor axis of Earth's elliptical orbit divides the area within it into halves. The
eccentricity of the orbit is 0.0167. The difference in time spent by Earth in the two halves
is closest to
1. 3.9 days 2. 4.8 days
3. 12.3 days 4. 0 days
Ans: (1) C
Solution.:
As a real velocity remains constant, so b
A1 A2
1
t1 A1 2
π ab − ( ∆CDS ) A a S O a B
= =
t2 A2 1 π ab + ∆CDS
( ) b
2
SO =AO − AS =a − rmin =a − a (1 − e ) =ae D

1 1
∆CDS = × SO × CD = ae ( 2b ) =abe
2 2
1 2e
π ab − abe 1 −
t1 2
= = π = 1 − 0.01063 ⇒=
t1
0.9789 ⇒
= t1 0.9789t2
t2 1 π ab + abe 1 + 2e 1 + 0.01063 t2
2 π
2e
 = 0.01063
π
We know that the earth completes one revolution around the earth in 365 days.
So, t1 + t2 =
365

Thus t2 = 184.445 days and t1 = 180.55 days.

⇒ ∆t= t2 − t1= 3.89 days

Q22. The Hamiltonian of a two particle system is=

H p1 p2 + q1q2 , where q1 and q2 are

generalized coordinates and p1 and p2 are the respective canonical momenta. The

Lagrangian of this system is

1. q1q2 + q1q2 2. −q1q2 + q1q2

3. −q1q2 − q1q2 4. q1q2 − q1q2

Ans: (4)
Solution.:

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∂H ∂H
q1
Hamilton's first equation of motion= q2 = p1
= p2 , =
∂p1 ∂p2

The Lagrangian L = q1 p1 + q2 p2 − H = q1q2 + q2 q1 − ( p1 p2 + q1q2 ) =

 H p1 p2 + q2 q2

L 2q1q2 − q1q2 − q1q2 ⇒ L= q1q2 − q1q2

⇒=

Q25. The trajectory of a particle moving in a plane is expressed in polar coordinates ( r , θ ) by

dθ
the equations r = r0 e β t and = ω , where the parameters r0 , β and ω are positive. Let
dt
vr and ar denote the velocity and acceleration, respectively, in the radial direction. For
this trajectory
1. ar < 0 at all times irrespective of the values of the parameters

2. ar > 0 at all times irrespective of the values of the parameters

dvr
3. > 0 and ar > 0 for all choices of parameters
dt
dvr
4. > 0 , however, ar = 0 for some choices of parameters
dt
Ans: (4)
dθ 
Solution.:  r= r0 e β t , = θ= ω
dt
dvr
⇒ vr =r =r0 β e β t ⇒ r r0 β 2 e β t > 0

==
dt
r rθ 2 =

Thus ar =− r0 β 2 e β t − r0 e β tω 2 ⇒ a=
r (
r0 β 2 − ω 2 e β t )
ar = 0 if β 2 = ω 2 . So, option (d) is correct.

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PART C
αp
Q9. For the transformation x →=
X P β x 2 between conjugate pairs of a
, p →=
x
coordinate and its momentum, to be canonical, the constants α and β must satisfy
1 1
1. 1 + αβ =
0 2. 1 − αβ =
0
2 2
3. 1 + 2αβ =
0 4. 1 − 2αβ =
0
Ans: (3)
Solution.:
αp
=X = , P β x2
x
∂X ∂P ∂X ∂P
For canonical transformation [ X , P ]x , p = 1 ⇒ − =
1
∂x ∂p ∂p ∂x

 αp α 
⇒  − 2  ( 0 ) −   ( 2β x ) =1 ⇒ 2αβ + 1 =0
 x  x
Q18. A system of two identical masses connected by identical springs, as shown in the figure,
oscillates along the vertical direction.

The ratio of the frequencies of the normal modes is

1. 3− 5 : 3+ 5 2. 3 − 5 : 3 + 5

3. 5− 3 : 5+ 3 4. 5 − 3 : 5 + 3
Ans: (1)
 k
Solution.:
1 2 1 2 m 0 
=T mx1 + mx2 ; T =   x1
2 2  0 m
1 1 
−mg (  + x1 ) − mg ( 2 + x1 + x2 ) + kx12 + k ( x2 − x1 )
2 k
V=
2 2
1
−2mgx1 − mgx2 − 3mg  + k  2 x12 + x22 − x1 x2 − x2 x1 
V= x2
2

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 2k −k 
V = 
 −k k 
Secular Equation
2k − ω 2 m −k
V −ω T =
0⇒
2

−k k −ω m2
= (
0 ⇒ 2k − ω 2 m k − ω 2 m − k 2 =
0 )( )
3km ± 9k 2 m 2 − 4k 2 m 2 3km ± 5km
( ) ( )
2
⇒ m2 ω 2 0 ⇒ ω2 =
− 3km ω 2 + k 2 = 2
⇒ ω2 =
2m 2
1 1
ω1
⇒= km 3 + 5 and
= ω2 km 3 − 5 . Thus ω2 : ω1 =3− 5 : 3+ 5
2 2

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PART B
Q7. A small circular wire loop of radius a and number of turns N, is
oriented with its axis parallel to the direction of the local magnetic
field B. A resistance R and a galvanometer are connected to the coil,
as shown in the figure.
a
When the coil is flipped (i.e., the direction of its axis is reversed) the
galvanometer measures the total charge Q that flows through it. If the • B

induced emf through the coil EF = IR , then Q is

1. π Na 2 B ( 2 R ) 2. π Na 2 B R

3. 2π Na 2 B R 4. 2π Na 2 B R
Ans: (4) R

Solution.:
 
Magnetic Flux φ = ∫ B.d a G
S

φ NB × π a 2 and final flux φ =

So initial flux= − NB × π a 2 .

So change in flux ∆φ =2NBπ a 2

ε 1 ∆φ ∆q ∆φ 2 NBπ a 2
So induced current i= = = ⇒ ∆q= =
R R ∆t ∆t R R
Q11. A long cylindrical wire of radius R and conductivity σ , lying along the z -axis, carries a
uniform axial current density I . The Poynting vector on the surface of the wire is (in the
following ρ̂ and ϕ̂ denote the unit vectors along the radial and azimuthal directions
respectively)
I 2R I 2R
1. ρˆ 2. − ρˆ
2σ 2σ
I 2π R I 2π R
3. − ϕˆ 4. ϕˆ
4σ 4σ
Ans: (2)
ẑ
Solution.:
 I R
I= =
IA σ EA ⇒ E = zˆ
1
σ
I
 µ I µ0 I × π R 2 µ0 IR
=B = 0 1
ϕˆ = ϕˆ ϕˆ
2π R 2π R 2
The Poynting vector

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 1     µ IR 
S = E×B = 
µ0
(
1 I
µ0  σ
) zˆ  ×  0 ϕˆ  =
  2 
−
I 2R
2σ
rˆ

Q20. A charged particle moves uniformly on the xy -plane along a circle of radius a centred at
the origin. A detector is put at a distance d on the x -axis to detect the electromagnetic
wave radiated by the particle along the x -direction. If d  a , the wave received by the
detector is
1. Unpolarised
2. Circularly polarized with the plane of polarization being the yz -plane
3. Linearly polarized along the y -direction
4. Linearly polarized along the z -direction
Ans: (3)
y
Solution.:
Since charge particle is accelerating in y-direction and
v
confined in xy-plane so at point P charged particle will a
• • x
be linearly polarized in xy-plane in the y-direction. q P
Note: Electric field will be confined in a plane

containing acceleration ( α ) and position vector

( r ).
Q23. The electric potential on the boundary of a spherical cavity of radius R, as a function of
θ
the polar angle θ , is V0 cos 2 . The charge density inside the cavity is zero everywhere.
2
The potential at a distance R 2 from the centre of the sphere is

1  1  1
1. V0 1 + cos θ  2. V0 cos θ
2  2  2
1  1  1
3. V0 1 + sin θ  4. V0 sin θ
2  2  2
Ans: (1)
Solution:
∞
 Bl 
( r ,θ )
V= ∑  A r
l =0
l
l
+  Pl ( cos θ ) .
r +1 
l

The potential V0 (θ ) is specified on the surface of a hollow sphere, of radius R . We have

to find potential inside the sphere.

In this case Bl = 0 for all l -otherwise the potential would blow up at the origin.

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∞
Thus, V ( r , θ ) = ∑ Al r l Pl ( cos θ ) .
l =0

At r = R this must match the specified function V0 (θ )

∞
V ( R, θ )
= ∑=
A R P ( cos θ )
l =0
l
l
1 V0 (θ )

V0
V ( R, θ ) =
A0 R 0 P0 ( cos θ ) + A1 R1 P1 ( cos θ ) = (1 + cos θ )
2
V0 (θ ) = V0 cos 2 (θ / 2 )

V0
⇒ A0 + A1 R cos θ = (1 + cos θ ) ⇒= A1 V0 / ( 2 R ) , others
A0 V0 / 2,= Al ’s vanish.
2
Evidently,
V0 V0
Thus V ( r , θ ) =
A0 r 0 P0 ( cos θ ) + A1r1 P1 ( cos θ ) = + r cos θ
2 2R
 R  V0 V0 V0  1 
⇒ V  ,θ  =+ cos θ =+ 1 cos θ 
 2  2 4R 2 2 

PART C
Q3. The charge density and current of an infinitely long perfectly conducting wire of radius a ,
which lies along the z -axis, as measured by a static observer are zero and a constant I ,
respectively. The charge density measured by an observer, who moves at speed v = β c
parallel to the wire along the direction of the current, is

Iβ I β 1− β 2
1. − 2. −
π a 2c 1 − β 2 π a 2c

Iβ I β 1− β 2
3. 4.
π a 2c 1 − β 2 π a 2c

Ans: (1)
Q8. The electric and magnetic fields at a point due to two independent sources are
   
E1 = (
E α iˆ + β ˆj , B1 = )
Bkˆ and E 2 = Eiˆ, B 2 = −2 Bkˆ , where α , β , E and B are constants.

If the Poynting vector is along iˆ + ˆj , then

1. α + β + 1 =0 2. α + β − 1 =0
3. α + β + 2 =0 4. α + β − 2 =0
Ans: (1)

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Solution:
The resultant electric and magnetic fields will be
     
( )
E = E1 + E2 = E α iˆ + β ˆj + Eiˆ = E (α + 1) iˆ + E β ˆj ; B =+
B1 B 2 =
−2 Bkˆ + Bkˆ =
− Bkˆ

 1  
The Poynting vector=S
µ0
(
E ×=
B ) 1
 EB (α + 1) iˆ + EB β ˆj  × − Bkˆ
µ0   ( )
 EB
⇒ S=  − β iˆ + (α + 1) ˆj 
µ  0


If the Poynting vector is along iˆ + ˆj , then − β = α + 1 ⇒ α + β + 1 =0

 EB (α + 1)
=
Thus S iˆ + ˆj  .
µ  
0

Q12. An infinitely long solenoid of radius r0 centred at origin which produces a time-

α
dependent magnetic field cos ωt (where α and ω are constants) is placed along the
π r02
z -axis. A circular loop of radius R , which carries unit line charge density is placed,
initially at rest, on the xy -plane with its centre on the z -axis. If R > r0 , the magnitude of
the angular momentum of the loop is
1. α R (1 − cos ωt ) 2. α R sin ωt

1 1
3. α R (1 − cos 2ωt ) 4. α R sin 2ωt
2 2
Ans: (1)
Solution:
 α
B ( t ) = 2 cos ωt zˆ B (t )
π r0
The changing magnetic field will induce an
electric field, curling around the axis of the
ring. This electric field exerts a force on the
r0 
charges at the rim, and the wheel starts to E
turn. R
From Faraday’s laws says Rotation direction 
dl
λ =1

  dφ 2 dB 2 αω 
∫ E ⋅ dl =
−
dt
=
−π r0
dt
=
−π r0 

−
π r0
2
sin ω t =

αω sin ωt

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  
( )
Now, the torque on a segment of length dl is r × F , or Rλ Edl . The total torque on the

wheel is therefore
= λ ∫ Edl Rλαω sin ωt
τ R=

and the angular momentum imparted to the wheel is

 cos ωt 
t

∫ ( Rλαω sin ωt ) dt = Rα (1 − cos ωt )

t
∫ τ dt = 0
Rλαω  −
 ω  0
= λ = 1

Q29. The angular width θ of a distant star can be measured by the Michelson radiofrequency
stellar interferometer (as shown in the figure below).
The distance h between the reflectors M 1 and M 2 (assumed to be much larger than the

aperture of the lens), is increased till the interference fringes (at P0 , P on the plane as

shown) vanish for the first time. This happens for h = 3 m for a star which emits
radiowaves of wavelength 2.7 cm. The measured value of θ (in degrees) is closest to
1. 0.63 2. 0.32
3. 0.52 4. 0.26
Ans: (1)

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PART B
Q2. The Hamiltonian of a two-dimensional quantum harmonic oscillator is
2
px2 p y 1
H= + + mω 2 x 2 + 2mω 2 y 2 where m and ω are positive constants. The
2m 2m 2
27
degeneracy of the energy level ω is
2
1. 14 2. 13
3. 8 4. 7
Ans: (4)
Solution.:
2 2
px2 p y 1 p2 p 1 1
H = + + mω 2 x 2 + 2mω 2 y 2 ⇒ H = x + y + mω 2 x 2 + m ( 2ω ) y 2
2

2m 2m 2 2m 2m 2 2
1 1 1 1
= V ( x) mω 2 x 2 + m ( 2=
ω ) y2 mω x2 x 2 + mω y2 y 2
2
The Potential is
2 2 2 2
where ω x = ω and ω y = 2ω

The energy eigenvalues for this anisotropic harmonic oscillator is

 1  1  1  1
Enx ny =  nx +  ω x +  n y +  ω y =  nx +  ω +  n y +   ( 2ω )
 2  2  2  2

 1   3
⇒ Enx ny =  nx + + 2n y + 1 ω =  nx + 2n y +  ω
 2   2

27  3 27
Given, Enx ny = ω ⇒  nx + 2n y +  ω =ω ⇒ nx + 2n y =
12
2  2 2
The possible combination of nx and n y are

( n , n ) = ( 0, 6 ) , ( 2,5) , ( 4, 4 ) , ( 6,3) , (8, 2 ) , (10,1) and (12, 0 )

x y

Thus, the degeneracy is 7. Therefore, the correct option is (4).

−L L
Q5. A particle in one dimension is in an infinite potential well between ≤ x ≤ . For a
2 2
πx 
perturbation ∈ cos   , where ∈ is a small constant, the change in the energy of the
 L 
ground state, to first order in ∈ , is
5∈ 10 ∈
1. 2.
π 3π
8∈ 4∈
3. 4.
3π π

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Ans: (3)
∞ ∞
Solution:
The ground state wave function for symmetric potential well
is

2 πx 
ψ1 = cos  
L  L 

The change in ground state energy ( Eg' ) due to the L 0 +

L
− 2
2
πx 
perturbation H ' =∈ cos   is
 L 
+L 2 +L
2∈ πx  πx 
= ∫L ψ ( x ) H 'ψ 1 ( x ) dx L
= ∫ cos
' * 2
E g 1   cos   dx
− −
L  L   L 
2 2

4∈ 1  2π x   πx 
L2

⇒
= Eg'
L ∫ 2 1 + cos 
0
L 
  cos   dx
 L 
2∈ πx   2π πx  
L2 L2

=  ∫ cos   dx + ∫ cos  x  cos   dx 
L  0  L  0  L   L  

 πx  L 2 
 sin  
2 ∈   L  1  3π x   π x  
L 2 L 2

=⇒ Eg
'
+  ∫ cos   dx + ∫ cos   dx 
L  π L 2  0  L   L   
 
0

 0 

2 ∈  L 1 L  π x   
L2 L2
 3π x  L
⇒
=  (1 − 0 ) +  sin   + sin   
'
E
L π 2  3π π
g
  L 0  L  0  

2∈ L 1  L L 
⇒
= Eg'  +  ( −1 − 0 ) + (1 − 0 )  
L  π 2  3π π 

2 ∈ L 1  L L    1 1  8∈ 8∈
⇒E
= '
 + − +  = 2∈ + = ⇒ Eg' =
L  π 2  3π π    π 3π  3π 3π
g

Thus, the correct option is (3)

Q8. The radial wavefunction of hydrogen atom with the principal quantum number n = 2 and

 r  −r
the orbital quantum number  = 0 is =
R20 N 1 −  e 2 a , where N is the normalization
 2a 
constant. The best schematic representation of the probability density P ( r ) for the

electron to be between r and r + dr is

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1. 2.
P (r ) P (r )

r r

3. 4.
P (r ) P (r )

r r

Ans: (1)
Solution:
 r  −r
Number of nodes = n − 1 = 2 − 1 = 1 ; Given =
R20 N 1 −  e 2 a
 2a 
2
 r 
P ( r ) r=
The probability density= r 2 N 2 1 −  e− r a
2 2
R20
 2a 
Thus option (1) is correctly representing the variation of P ( r ) as a function of r .

Q18. The energy levels available to each electron in a system of N non-interacting electrons
are En = nE0 , n = 0,1, 2,... . A magnetic field, which does not affect the energy spectrum,

but completely polarizes the electron spins, is applied to the system. The change in the
ground state energy of the system is
1 2
1. N E0 2. N 2 E0
2
1 2 1 2
3. N E0 4. N E0
8 4
Ans: (4)
Solution.:

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For non-polarized state, two electrons with opposite
spin will occupy one state. The energy of the state is
given= =
as En nE0 , n 0,1, 2,....
Thus, the total energy of ground state of the system
3E0
is
 N
E=
NP 2 E0 1 + 2 + 3 + ... +  2E0
 2

NN  E0

 + 1 E
22  = 0 N N +2
⇒ ENP = 2 E0 ⋅ ( ) 0
2 4

For polarized state, only one electron will occupy one

state. Thus, the total energy of ground state of the system
is
3E0
N ( N + 1)
E=
P E0 (1 + 2 + 3 + ... + N ) = E0
2 2E0

Difference in the ground state energy is E0

E0 E
∆E = EP − ENP = N ( N + 2 ) − 0 ⋅ N ( N + 1) 0
4 2
E0 N 2 E0
= N [ N + 2 − 2 N=
− 2]
4 4
Thus, the correct option is (4).
Q19. The value of L2x in the state ϕ for which L2 ϕ = 6 2 ϕ and Lz ϕ = 2 ϕ , is

1. 0 2. 4 2 3. 2 2 4.  2
Ans: (4)
2
Solution.: =
L2x  (  + 1) − m2 
2 
φ  (  + 1)  2 φ ⇒  (  + 1) = 6 ⇒  = 2
Given, L2 φ = 6 2 φ , compare it with L2 =

also Lz φ = 2 φ , compare it with Lz φ = m  φ ⇒ m =

2

2 2
Thus L2x=  2 (1 + 1) − 22=
 [6 − 4=]  2
2 2
Correct option is (4).

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PART C
Q2. Two distinguishable non-interacting particles, each of mass m are in a one-dimensional
infinite square well in the interval [ 0, a ] . If x1 and x2 are position operators of the two

particles, the expectation value x1 x2 in the state in which one particle is in the ground

state and the other one is in the first excited state, is

1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 2
1. a 2. π a 3. a 4. π a
2 2 4 4
Ans: (3)
Solution: The net wave function of two non-interacting particles is

2  nπx  2 n πx 
ψT =ψ
= 1 ( x1 )ψ 2 ( x2 ) sin  1 1  ⋅ sin  2 2 
a  a  a  a 
Consider first particle in the ground state ( n1 = 1) and second particle is in the first

excited state ( n2 = 2 ) .

2  π x1   2π 
∴ ψT = sin   sin  x2 
a  a   a 
The expectation value x1 x2 is
a a a a
x1 x2 = ∫ ∫ψ x x ψ T dx1dx2 = ∫ψ x ψ 1dx1 ∫ψ 2* x2ψ 2 dx2 = x1 x2
*
T 1 2
*
1 1
0 0 0 0

Since, the expectation value of position in an asymmetric square well of infinite potential
a
of length a is always .
2
a a a2
∴ x1 x2 = × = . Thus, the correct option is (3)
2 2 4
Q11. Two operators A and B satisfy the commutation relations [ H , A] = −ω B

and [ H , B ] = ω A , where ω constant and H is the Hamiltonian of the system. The

expectation value A ψ ( t ) = ψ A ψ in a state ψ , such that = A ψ (0) 0

at time t 0,=

and B ψ
( 0 ) = i , is
1. sin (ωt ) 2. sinh (ωt ) 3. cos (ωt ) 4. cosh (ωt )

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Ans: (2)
d A 1 ∂A
Solution: According to Ehrenfest theorem= [ A, H ] + ….(1)
dt i ∂t
∂A
Since A is time independent, therefore = 0 and [ H , A] = −ω B
∂t
d A 1
∴ = ( + ω B ) =
−iω B ….(2)
dt i
d B 1 ∂B
=
Now, [ B, H ] +
dt i ∂t
∂B
Since B is time independent, therefore = 0 and H , B = ω A
∂t
d B 1
∴ = ( −iω A ) =iω A ….(3)
dt i
d2 A d B
Differentiate equation (2), w.r.t. t 2
−iω
= −iω ( iω ) A =
= ω2 A
dt dt
This is a second order linear differential equation; its roots are obtained through auxiliary
equation
d2
D2 − ω 2 ⇒ D =±ω , where D 2 = A C1eωt + C2 e −ωt
. The solution is = ….(4)
dt 2
Now=
at t 0,=
A 0 ∴ c1 + c2 =⇒
0 c1 =−c2 =c

Thus A = c eωt − e −ωt  = 2c sinh ωt ….(5)

To find constant ' c ' , use second initial condition that is B = i at t = 0 .

d A d
From equation (1): = −iω B ⇒ ( 2c sinh ωt ) =
−iω B
dt dt
⇒ 2c ( cosh ωt ) ω =
−iω B

1
−iω ( i ) ⇒ c = . Thus A = sinh ωt
0 ⇒ 2cω =
At t =
2
Therefore, the correct option is (2)
Q20. The phase shifts of the partial waves in an elastic scattering at energy E are δ 0= 12° ,

δ1 = 4° and δ ≥ 2  0° . The best qualitative depiction of θ -dependence of the differential

dσ
scattering cross-section is
d cos θ

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1. 2.

dσ d cos θ dσ d cos θ

0 π 4 π 2 3π 4 π
0 π 4 π 2 3π 4 π
θ
θ

3. 4.

dσ d cos θ dσ d cos θ

0 π 4 π 2 3π 4 π 0 π 4 π 2 3π 4 π
θ θ

Ans: (2)
Solution:
1 
is f (θ )
Scattering amplitude =  ∑
k 
( 2 + 1) eiδ sin δ  P ( cos θ )

Given, for s-wave ( = 0 ) δ 0= 12° and for p-wave (  = 1) δ1 = 4° and δ  ≥ 2 = 0

1 iδ 0 1 iδ 0
∴ f (θ )
= e sin δ 0 P0 ( cos θ ) + 3eiδ1 sin δ1=
P1 ( cos θ )  e sin δ 0 + 3eiδ1 sin δ1 cos θ 
k k
dσ dσ
f (θ ) f * (θ ) f (θ )
2
=
Now = =
d Ω d ( cos θ )

1 − iδ 0
= e sin δ 0 + 3e − iδ1 sin δ1 cos θ  eiδ 0 sin δ 0 + 3eiδ1 sin δ1 cos θ 
2 
k
1  2
sin δ 0 + 3e ( 1 0 ) sin δ 0 sin δ1 cosθ + 3e ( 1 0 ) sin δ 0 sin δ1 cosθ + 9sin 2 δ1 cos 2 θ 
i δ −δ − i δ −δ
= 2 
k

=
1  2
k 2  ( − i δ −δ
)
sin δ 0 + 3sin δ 0 sin δ1 cos θ e ( 1 0 ) + e ( 1 0 ) + 9sin 2 δ1 cos 2 θ 
i δ −δ

1
= sin 2 δ 0 + 3sin δ 0 sin δ1 cos θ ⋅ 2 cos (δ1 − δ 0 ) + 9sin 2 δ1 cos 2 θ 
2 
k
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dσ 1
= sin 2 (12 ) + 6sin (12 ) sin ( 4 ) cos ( 8 ) cos θ + 9sin 2 ( 4 ) cos 2 θ 
d ( cos θ ) k 2 

dσ 1
∴ = 2 0.043 + 0.086 cos θ + 0.043cos 2 θ 
d ( cos θ ) k

dσ dσ dσ
; At θ π=
0.172 0.043
At θ = 0 , == , = ; At θ π=
; 0
d ( cos θ ) k 2 2 d ( cos θ ) k 2
d ( cos θ )

dσ
Thus, graph (2), correctly represent the variation of as a function of θ .
d ( cos θ )

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PART B
Q13. Two energy levels, 0 (non-degenerate) and ∈ (double degenerate), are available to N
non-interacting distinguishable particles. If U is the total energy of the system, for large
  U  U 
values of N the entropy of the system is k B  N ln N −  N −  ln  N −  + X  . In this
  ∈  ∈ 
expression, X is
U U U 2U
1. − ln 2. − ln
∈ 2∈ ∈ ∈
2U 2U U U
3. − ln 4. − ln
∈ ∈ ∈ ∈
Ans: (1)
Solution:
U 
U = 0 × N + ∈×n ⇒ n =
 
∈
  
  N!   n!  N!
=S k= k B ln   + ln  =
W × nC n 2
B lnW  
  ( N + n )!n !  n n   ( N − n )!n !
 ! !
  2 2  
  n 
=S k B  NlnN − N − ( N − n ) ln ( N − n ) + N − nln   
  2 
  U  U  U  U 
=S k B  NlnN −  N −  ln  N −  − ln  
  ∈  ∈  ∈  2 ∈  
U U
i.e. X = − ln
∈ 2∈
Q21. The single particle energies of a system of N non-interacting fermions of spin s
3 1
(at T = 0 ) are En = n 2 E0 , n = 1, 2,3,... . The ratio ∈F   ∈F   of the Fermi energies
2 2
for fermions of spin 3/2 and spin 1/2, is
1. 1/2 2. 1/4 3. 2 4. 1
Ans: (2)
Solution: T = 0K
↑1
For a general dispersion relation of the type E ∝ k s

F (E)
the density of state ρ ( E ) in d -dimension is
d 
N
 −1
ρ ( E ) ∝ ( 2s + 1) E s 
where 2 s + 1 is the spin-
degeneracy.
EF
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=
The given energy En n=
2
E0 , n 1, 2,3,... indicates that the system is a one-dimensional
i.e. d = 1
2k 2
The dispersion relation of fermions is E = therefore, s = 2 ; Thus,
2m
ρ ( E ) ∝ ( 2s + 1) E .
−1
2

EF

At T = 0 K , the total number of fermions is N = ∫ ρ ( E ) dE

0

EF
N2
N ∝ ( 2 s + 1) ∫ E 2 dE ⇒ N ∝ ( 2 s + 1) EF2 ⇒ EF ∝
−1 1

( 2s + 1)
2
0

N2
2
3  3 
EF    2 × + 1 
∴ 2 =
 2 
=
4 1
=
1 N 2
16 4
EF  
2  1 
2

 2 × + 1 
 2 
Thus correct option is (2)
PART C
Q1. Two electrons in thermal equilibrium at temperature T = k B β can occupy two sites. The
 
energy of the configuration in which they occupy the different sites is JS1 ⋅ S 2 (where

J > 0 is a constant and S denotes the spin of an electron), while it is U if they are at the
same site. If U = 10 J , the probability for the system to be in the first excited state is

1. e −3 β J 4
( 3e βJ 4
+ e −3 β J 4 + 2e −1 β J0
) 2. 3 e − β J 4
( 3e −β J 4
+ e3 β J 4 + 2e −10 β J )
3. e − β J 4
( 2e−β J 4
+ 3e3 β J 4 + 2e −10 β J ) 4. 3 e −3 β J 4
( 2e βJ 4
+ 3e −3 β J 4 + 2e −1 β J0
)
Ans.: (2)
Solution:
  J
U = JS1 ⋅ S 2 =  s ( s + 1) − s1 ( s1 + 1) − s2 ( s2 + 1) 
2

For triplet=
s 1,=
s1 1 , =
s 1 , (degeneracy = 2 s + 1 = 3 ); U = J 2 − 3  = J
2 2 2 2 2 4

=
For Singlet s 0=
, s1 1 =
,s 1 (degeneracy = 2 s + 1 = 1 ); U = −3 J
2 2 2 4
So for s = 0 we get ground state and for s = 1 first excited state
−β J +3 β J
The partition function Z = ∑g e β
i
− Ei
= 3e 4
+e 4
+ e −10 β J
2
for both at samesideU =10 J

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−β J
The probability of excited state will be P  3e 4 = 3
 −β J 3β J
  3e 4 + e 4 + 2e −10 β J
Q14. A layer of ice has formed on a very deep lake. The temperature of water, as well as that
of ice at the ice-water interface, are 0°C, whereas the temperature of the air above is -
10°C. The thickness L ( t ) of the ice increases with time t . Assuming that all physical

properties of air and ice are independent of temperature, L ( t ) ~ L0t α for large t . The
value of α is
1. 1/4 2. 1/3 3. 1/2 4. 1
Ans: (3)
Solution:
KA ( QA − Q1 ) t d ( mL ) KA∆Q A ρW dxL KA∆Q
Q= ⇒ =⇒ =
x dt x dt x
l
l kA∆Q t  x2  kA∆Q  l 2  kA∆Q 1
∫0 x dx = AρW L0 ∫ ⇒  = t ⇒ = t ⇒l = l0t 2 ⇒ α =
1
dt
0
 2  0 AρW L0  2  AρW L0 2
Q19. Two random walkers A and B walk on a one-dimensional lattice. The length of each step
taken by A is one, while the same for B is two, however, both move towards right or left
with equal probability. If they start at the same point, the probability that they meet after
4 steps, is
9 5 11 3
1. 2. 3. 4.
64 32 64 16
Ans: (3)
Solution.:

A: • • • • • • • • •
−4 −3 −2 −1 0 +1 +2 +3 +4

B:
−8 −7 −6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8

Possible positions after 4 steps: For A : −4, −2, 0, 2, 4 and For B : −8, −4, 0, 4,8
So, only points where they may meet after 4 steps are: −4, 0, 4 .
Start point:
No. of ways in which after taking 4 steps = 6
6 3
=
∴ Probability of being at the starting position after 4 steps (for A) =
16 8
3
Also, the probability of being at start position for B after 4 steps will be same i.e., .
8

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At position 4
1
For A: Probability of being at 4 or -4 =
16
4 1
For B: =
16 4
3 3 9
∴ Probability of A and B to meet after 4 steps at start position = ⋅ =
8 8 64
1 1 1
At point 4: ⋅ = ;
16 4 64
1 1 1
At point -4: ⋅ =
16 4 64
9 1 1 1 1
∴The probability that they meet, i.e., at either point -4, or 0 or +4 is = + + =
64 64 64 64
Q22. In a one-dimensional system of N spins, the allowed values of each spin
are σ i = {1, 2,3,..., q} , where q ≥ 2 is an integer. The energy of the system is
N
− J ∑ δσ i ,σ i+1
i =1

where J > 0 is a constant. If periodic boundary conditions are imposed, the number of
ground states of the system is
1. q 2. Nq
3. q N 4. 1
Ans: (2)
Solution:
N
The energy of the system is H = − J ∑ δσ i ,σ i+1 where σ i = {1, 2,3,..., q} , where q ≥ 2 is an
i =1

integer and J > 0 is a constant.

Using Ising Model σ i , σ i +1 = ±1 (possible interaction)
Total possible arrangement for two particles system

Ground state is the member of same spin in a state i.e. out of 4 arrangements ground state
spin
State is equal to 2. So q = 2 .
Thus for N particle system 2N ground state is possible.
the number of ground states of the system is Nq .

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PART B
Q4. A DC motor is used to lift a mass M to a height h from the ground. The electric energy
delivered to the motor is VIt , where V is the applied voltage, I is the current and t the
time for which the motor runs. The efficiency e of the motor is the ratio between the
work done by the motor and the energy delivered to it. If =
M 2.00 ± 0.02 kg,
=h 1.00 ± 0.01 m,=
V 10.0 ± 0.1 V,=I 2.00 ± 0.02 A and=t 300 ± 15 s, then the fractional
error δ e e in the efficiency of the motor is closest to

1. 0.05 2. 0.09
3.0.12 4. 0.15
Ans: (1)
Solution:
Work done in lifting object of a mass M to a height h from the ground is W = Mgh
where g is acceleration due to gravity.
The efficiency e of the motor is the ratio between the work done by the motor and the
energy
W Mgh
delivered to it i.e =
e = .
E VIt
Error in the resulting efficiency is

∂e ∂e ∂e ∂e ∂e
2 2 2 2 2

(δ e ) =   (δ M ) +   (δ h ) +   (δ V ) +   (δ I ) +   (δ t )
2 2 2 2 2 2

 ∂M   ∂h   ∂V   ∂I   ∂t 
2 2 2 2 2
 gh   Mg   Mgh   Mgh   Mgh 
⇒ (δ e )   (δ M ) +   (δ h ) +  − 2  (δ V ) +  − 2  (δ I ) +  − 2  (
δt)
2 2 2 2 2 2
=
 VIt   VIt   V It   VI t   VIt 
 δ e   δ M   δ h   δV   δ I   δ t 
2 2 2 2 2 2

⇒  =   +  +  +  + 
 e   M   h   V   I   t 

δe
2 2 2 2 2
 0.02   0.01   0.1   0.02   15 
⇒=   +  +  +  + 
e  2   1   10   2   300 
δe
( 0.01) + ( 0.01) + ( 0.01) + ( 0.01) + ( 0.05)
2 2 2 2 2
⇒ =
e
δe δe
⇒ = 10−4 + 10−4 + 10−4 + 10−4 + 25 ×10−4 ⇒ = 29 ×10−4 = 0.054 = 0.05
e e

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Q6. For the given logic circuit, the input waveforms A, B, C and D are shown as a function of
time.

+5V
A 0V
A +5V
B B 0V
A Y +5V
C X C 0V
A +5V
D D
0V
+5V
Y 0V

Time

To obtain the output Y as shown in the figure, the logic gate X should be
1. an AND gate 2. an OR gate
3. a NAND gate 4. a NOR gate
Ans: (2)
Solution:
(a) Let the logic gate X be an an AND gate

( ) ( )( )( )
Y = ( A + B ).( A + C ). A + D = AB . AC . AD ⇒ Y =ABCD

If ABCD = 0000 then Y = 0 (From given output Y = 1 )

If ABCD = 1111 then Y = 0 (From given output Y = 0 )
(b) Let the logic gate X be an an OR gate

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
Y = ( A + B ) + ( A + C ) + A + D = AB + AC + AD ⇒ Y= A B + C + D ( )
If ABCD = 0000 then Y = 1 (From given output Y = 1 )
If ABCD = 1111 then Y = 0 (From given output Y = 0 )
So option (b) is correct.

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Q15. In the circuit below, there is a voltage drop of 0.7 V across the diode D in forward bias,
while no current flows through it in reverse bias.
30Ω

+15V
Vin
−
20Ω 10Ω Op Amp
+
D −15V

If Vin is a sinusoidal signal of frequency 50 Hz with an RMS value of 1 V, the maximum

current that flows through the diode is closest to
1. 1 A 2. 0.14 A
3. 0 A 4. 0.07 A
Ans: (3)
Solution:
Vrms = 1V ⇒ =
Vp 2 V=
rms 1.41V

10
Voltage drop across diode VD = ×1.41V = 0.47 V
10 + 20
Since voltage drop across diode VD = 0.47 V is less than 0.7V so diode will not be ON.

Hence diode will be zero.

Q24. A circuit needs to be designed to measure the resistance R of the a cylinder PQ to the best
possible accuracy, using an ammeter A, a voltmeter V, a battery E and a current
source I s (all assumed to be ideal). The value of R is known to be approximately 10 Ω , and

the resistance W of each of the connecting wires is close to 10 Ω . If the current from the
current source and voltage from the battery are known exactly, which of the following
circuits

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(a) (b )
V P Q
W W

P Q W

W W W

Is
Is
(c) (d ) A
P Q W W

P Q
W

W W W

E E

1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (c)

Ans: (2)
Solution:
V
Option (a) is correct since voltmeter must be in parallel to PQ and then R = .
I

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PART C
Q16. In the circuit shown below, four
silicon diodes and four capacitors C
C
are connected to a sinusoidal Vin
voltage source of amplitude −Vin
Vin > 0.7 V and frequency 1 kHz.
Vout
If the knee voltage for each of the C C

diodes is 0.7 V and the resistances of the capacitors are negligible, the DC output voltage
Vout after 2 seconds of starting the voltage source is closest to

1. 4Vin − 0.7V

2. 4Vin − 2.8V

3. Vin − 0.7V

4. Vin − 2.8V

Ans: (2)
Solution:
Given circuit is two voltage multiplier circuit in series.
C1 C3

D1 D2 D3 D4

C2 C4

Consider stage-1 first during negative half cycle and then during positive half cycle
C1 C1
− +
− + − +
vC1 vC1
− +
vin 0.7V vin 0.7V
+ −
C2 C2
+ −
− +
vC2
+vin − vC1 − 0.7V =
0

⇒ vC1 =+vin − 0.7V −vin − vC1 + 0.7V + vC2 =

0

+vC2 = vin + vC1 − 0.7V ⇒ vC2 = 2vin − 1.4 V

= v=
Thus vout C4 2v=
C2 4vin − 2.8V

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Q28. A train of impulses of frequency 500 Hz, in which the temporal width of each spike is
negligible compared to its period, is used to sample a sinusoidal input signal of frequency
100 Hz. The sampled output is
1. Discrete with the spacing between the peaks being the same as the time period of the
sampling signal
2. A sinusoidal wave with the same time period as the sampling signal
3. Discrete with the spacing between the peaks being the same as the time period of the
input signal
4. A sinusoidal wave with the same time period as the input signal
Ans: (1)
Solution:
According to Shannon sampling theorem, sampling frequency is equal to five times
frequency of input system.
The sampled output consists of a series of discrete values representing the amplitude of
the input signal at specific time interval.

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PART C
Q4. Electrons polarized along the x -direction are in a magnetic

( )
field B1iˆ + B2 ˆj cos ωt + kˆ sin ωt , where B1  B2 and ω are positive constants. The value

of ω for which the polarization-flip process is a resonant one, is

1. 2 µ B B2 2. µ B B1

3. µ B B2 4. 2 µ B B1

Ans: (4)
Solution:

The external magnetic field is B = (
B1iˆ + B2 ˆj cos ωt + kˆ sin ωt , where B1  B2 and ω )
are positive constants.
 2 
2
(
B = B1 + B2 cos 2 ωt + sin 2 ωt = B1 + B2 ≈ B1
2 2 2 2
) ⇒ B =B1  B1  B2

The interaction Hamiltonian in external field is

    e   e 
H= − µ s .B =
− µ sx B =g Sx B where µ s = − g S and g = 2 .
2me 2me
The interaction energy is
e 
=
E = H g ms =
B ( gms ) µ B B1 1
2me ms = +
2 E
 1
1
1 +
For ms = + ;  2 ×  µ B B1 =
= µ B B1 2
E+1/ 2 ∆E
2  2
1 E 1
For ms = − ; 1 −
ms = − 2
2 2
 1
E−1/ 2 =2 ×  −  µ B B1 =− µ B B1
 2
Thus ∆E
= E+1/ 2 − E−1/=
2 2 µ B B1 ⇒ ω =
2 µ B B1

Q15. The electron cloud (of the outermost electrons) of an ensemble of atoms of atomic
number Z is described by a continuous charge density ρ ( r ) that adjusts itself so that the

electrons at the Fermi level has zero energy. If V ( r ) is the local electrostatic potential,

then ρ ( r ) is

e Ze
 2me eV ( r )   2me eV ( r ) 
32 32
1. 2.
3π  
2 3 2 3 
3π 

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e e
 Zme eV ( r )   me eV ( r ) 
32 32
3. 4.
3π  
2 3
3π  
2 3

Ans.:(a)
V
Solution: g ( p ) dp = 3
4π p 2 dp where
h
mdk m
=
p 2 2mk ⇒ 2 pdp = 2 mdk ⇒ dp
= = dk
2mk 2k

V m 2π V
g ( p ) dp = π ( )
3

3
4 2 mk dk = 3
2 m 2
k dk
h 2k h
4π V
A factor of 2 is introduced due to spin degeneracy so g ( p ) dp = 3 (
2m ) 2 k dk
3

h
N 4π e K F
Charge density ρ e = 3 ∫ ( 2m ) 2 k dk  N = ∫ g ( p ) dp
3
= ne
=
V h 0

K F= EF − U= EF − ( −eV )= EF + eV= 0 + eV = eV

Here U = Potential energy; EF = Fermi Energy

kF
4π e e ( 2m )
3
2  k 32  e
( 2m )   = 2 3 [ 2mK F ] 2
kF

h3 ∫0
ρ=
3 3
2
k dk =
 3 2π 2 3  3π 
 2 0
e
⇒ ρ (r ) = ( )
3
 
2

2 3 
2 meV r 
3π 
Q23. The red line of wavelength 644 nm in the emission spectrum of Cd corresponds to a
transition from the 1D2 level to the 1P1 level. In the presence of a weak magnetic field,
this spectral line will split into (ignore hyperfine structure)
1. 9 lines 2. 6 lines
3. 3 lines 4. 2 lines
Ans: (3)
Solution:
1
D2 → 1P1
In the weak magnetic field, this spectral line will split into 3 components corresponding
to normal Zeeman effect.

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Q24. Let the separation of the frequencies of the first Stokes and the first anti-Stokes lines in
the pure rotational Raman Spectrum of the H 2 molecule be ∆v ( H 2 ) , while the

corresponding quantity for D2 is ∆v ( D2 ) . The ratio ∆v ( H 2 ) ∆v ( D2 ) is

1. 0.6 2. 1.2 3. 1 4. 2
Ans: (4)
Solution.:
The separation between the first stokes line and first anti-stokes line in a pure Raman
Spectrum is given by 12B, where B is the rotational constant and depends on the
molecule.
h h
For H 2 : B ( H ) = and For D2 : B ( D ) =
8π µ H r c
2 2
8π µ D r 2 c
2

mP mP mP 2mP 2mP
=µH = = and µ D = mP
mP + mP 2 2mP + 2mP

∆v ( H 2 ) 12 B ( H ) µ D
Hence, = = = 2
∆v ( D2 ) 12 B ( D ) µ H

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 CSIR NET-JRF Physical Sciences June-2023
Solution-Solid State Physics
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PART B
Q16. The dispersion relation of a gas of non-interacting bosons in two dimensions

is E ( k ) = c k , where c is a positive constant. At low temperatures, the leading

dependence of the specific heat on temperature T , is

1. T 4 2. T 3 3. T 2 4. T 3 2
Ans: (1)
Solution: For a general dispersion relation of the kind E = Ak s
The specific heat in d-dimension is CV ∝ T d s

Given is, E = c ( k )
1
. Thus s = 1 2 and d = 2
2

2
∴ CV ∝ T ½
⇒ CV ∝ T 4
Therefore, the correct option is (1)
PART C
Q7. The Hall coefficient RH of a sample can be determined from the measured Hall voltage

1
=VH RH BI + RI , where d is the thickness of the sample, B is the applied magnetic
d
field, I is the current passing through the sample and R is an unwanted offset resistance.
A lock-in detection technique is used by keeping I constant with the applied magnetic
field being modulated =
as B B0 sin Ωt , where B0 is the amplitude of the magnetic field

and Ω is frequency of the reference signal. The measured VH is

R I B0  RH I 
1. B0  H  2.  
 d  2 d 
I  RH B0  R B 
3.  d + R 4. I  H 0 + R 
2   d 
Ans: (2)
Solution: In the lock-in detection technique, the signal is passed through low pass RC
filter and output is RMS value.
1 1
=
Given, VH R=
H BI + RI RH IB0 sin Ωt + RI
d d
B0  RH I 
The output is VH =  
2 d 
The unwanted signal RI is filtered out. Thus the correct option is (2).

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Q17. The dispersion relation of electrons in three dimensions is ∈ ( k ) =

vF k , where vF the

Fermi velocity is. If at low temperatures (T  TF ) the Fermi energy ∈F depends on the

number density n as ∈F ( n ) ~ nα , the value of α is

1. 1/3 2. 2/3
3. 1 4. 3/5
Ans: (1)
Solution:
For a general dispersion relation of the kind E = Ak s
The Fermi energy ( EF ) depends on n is d-dimension as EF ∝ n s d

Given E = vF k , therefore, s = 1 and d = 3 .

Thus EF ∝ n
1
3

The correct option is (1)

Q30. A lattice A consists of all points in three-dimensional space with coordinates ( nx , n y , nz )

where nx , n y and nz are integers with nx + n y + nz being odd integers. In another lattice

B, nx + n y + nz are even integers. The lattices A and B are

1. both BCC
2. both FCC
3. BCC and FCC, respectively
4. FCC and BCC, respectively
Ans: (2)
Solution:
Given, for lattice A: nx + n y + nz = odd; For lattice B: nx + n y + nz = even

The condition for present planes in BCC & FCC is

In BCC: nx + n y + nz = even

In FCC: nx , n y , nz can be either purely odd or purely even.

∴ nx + n y + nz = odd, for odd nx , n y , nz and nx + n y + nz = even, for even nx , n y , nz

Thus, FCC satisfies the condition of lattice A and B both. The correct option is (2).

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 CSIR NET-JRF Physical Sciences June-2023
Solution-Nuclear and Particle Physics
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PART C
Q5. The nucleus of 40
K (of spin-parity 4+ in the ground state) is unstable and decays to 40 Ar .
The mass difference between these two nuclei is ∆Mc 2 =
1504.4 keV . The nucleus 40
Ar

has an excited state at 1460.8 keV with spin-parity 2+ . The most probable decay mode of
40
K is by
1. a β + -decay to the 2+ state of 40
Ar

2. an electron capture to the 2+ state of 40

Ar
40
3. an electron capture to the ground state of Ar
4. a β + -decay to the ground state of 40
Ar
Ans: (2)

Solution:
(a) 40
K→ 40
Ar + β + +ν e

Q =  M Knucl − M Ar
nucl
− me  c 2 =
∆M nucl c 2 −= =
me c 2 1504.4 − 510 994.4 keV < 1460.8 keV

In this case, sufficient energy is not available for Ar nuclei to move to the excited
state 2+ .
(b) Electron capture: 40
K + e− → 40
Ar +ν
Q  M Knucl + me − M Ar
= nucl
 c 2 =
∆M nucl c 2 +=
me c 2 1504.4 + 510

=Q 2014.4 keV > 1460.8 keV

In this case, sufficient energy is available for the excitation of Ar nuclei from ground state
to 2+ excited state.

( )
Q13. The energy (in keV) and spin-parity values E J p of the low lying excited states of a

nucleus of mass number A = 152 are 122 2+ ,366 4+ , 707 6+ ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

and 1125 8+ . It may

be inferred that these energy levels correspond to a

1. Rotational spectrum of a deformed nucleus
2. Rotational spectrum of a spherically symmetric nucleus
3. Vibrational spectrum of a deformed nucleus
4. Vibrational spectrum of a spherically symmetric nucleus
Ans: (1)
Solution.:

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(1) Rotational energy levels have energies in KeV range, while vibrational energy levels
have energies in MeV range.
(2) Nuclei with A = 152 has significant quadruple moment which indicates non spherical
distribution of charge
(3) The non-spherical or deformed nucleus rotating about appropriate axis, give rise to
quantized rotational energy levels.
In the light of these facts, one can conclude that option (a) is correct.
Q26. A neutral particle X 0 is produced in π − + p → X 0 + n by s -wave scattering. The

branching ratio of the decay of X 0 to 2γ ,3π and 2π are 0.38, 0.30 and less than 10−3 ,

respectively. The quantum numbers J CP of X 0 are

1. 0−+ 2. 0+−
3. 1−+ 4. 1+−
Ans: (2)
Solution.:
Spin calculation
(i) π − + p → X 0 + n (Strong interaction) (ii) X 0 → γ + γ
 
 1  1     
( )
0 + : 0,1 +
2 2
( )
0,1, 2 → 1 + 1

(iii) X 0 → π + + π 0 + π − (iv) X 0 → π + + π −
      
()
0 :0+0+0 0:0+0

So, best option for spin is 0
Parity Calculation
π− + p → X0 +n

Pˆ : − + πX +
As above mentioned equation is strong interaction in nature, so parity will be conserved.
( − )( +=) π X (+) ⇒ π X =
0 −ve 0

Charge conjugation of neutral X 0 particle is

( −1) ( −1)
+ s 0+ 0
CX 0 = = =
+ ve

So, quantum number J CP = 0+ − for X 0 particle.

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PART A
Q1. Twenty litres of rainwater having a 2.0 μmol L concentration of sulfate ions is mixed
with forty litres water having 4.0 μmol L sulfate ions. If 50% of the total water
evaporated, what would be sulfate concentration in the remaining water
1. 3 μmol L 2. 3.3 μmol L
3. 4 μmol L 4. 6.7 μmol L
Ans: (4)
Solution:
= 2.0μ mol L ×=
Total sulfate ions in 20 Lts. of rainwater 20 L 40μmol
L × 40 160μmol
= 4.0μmol =
and 40 Lts. of rainwater
50
Total rainwater after evaporation = ( 20 + 40 ) × = 30 L
100
( 40μmol
Total sulfate ions in 30 L = + 160 ) 200 μmol
=

200μmol
=
Sulfate concentration = 6.66μmol L ≈ 6.7μmol L
30 L
Q2. The populations and gross domestic products (GDP) in billion USD of three countries A,
B and C in the years 2000, 2010 and 2020 are shown in the two figures below.

The decreasing order of per capita GDP of these countries in the year 2020 is
1. A, B, C 2. A, C, B
3. B, C, A 4. C, A, B
Ans: (1)

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Solution:
In 2020:
Population GDP
A: 16 324
B: 138 2623
C: 22 264
Per capita GDP:
324 2623 264
A: = 20.25 ; B: = 19.01 ; C: = 12.00
16 138 22
∴ Decreasing order: A, B, C
Correct choice: (1)
Q3. In a buffet, 4 curries A, B, C and D were served. A guest was to eat any one or more than
one curry, but not the combinations having C and D together. The number of options
available for the guest were
1. 3 2. 7
3. 11 4. 15
Ans: (3)
Solution:
The guest can eat one curry in 4 ways.
Two curry in: Possible ways: AB, AC, AD, BC, BD, CD → not allowed
∴ Total no. of ways = 5 ways
Three curries in: Possible ways: ABC, ABD
∴Total no. of ways = 2
ACD → not allowed, BCD → not allowed
Four curries in: Possible way: ABCD→ not allowed
∴ Total no. of ways = 4+5+2 = 11 ways.
Q4. Three friends having a ball each stand at the three corners of a triangle. Each of them
throws her ball independently at random to one of the others, once. The probability of no
two friends throwing balls at each other is
1. 1/4 2. 1/8
3. 1/3 4. 1/2
Ans: (1)

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Solution:
Suppose there are three friends: A, B and C.
Then each can throw ball in 2 ways.
∴ Total no. of ways of throwing balls = 2 × 2 × 2 = 8 ways
Scenario 1:
A can throw ball either to B or C. Suppose A throws to B then B cannot throw to A and
can throw to C. C can only throw to A.
∴ No. of ways = 1
Now suppose A throws to C, so C cannot throw to A and can throw to B and B can throw
to A.
∴ No. of ways = 1
Depiction:
A A

or

B C B C

∴ Total favorable outcomes = 2

Favorable outcome 2 1
∴Required Probability = = =
Total outcomes 8 4

Q5. What is the largest number of father-son pairs that can exist in a group of four men?
1. 3 2. 2
3. 4 4. 6
Ans: (1)
Solution:
Largest no. of father-son pairs that can exist in a group of 4 men:
Possible Scenario:
F
F1 F2 F F
F1 F2

S1 S3 SF S1 F
S2 S1 S2
(1) ( 2) S1 S2
S1
( 3) S2 ( 4) S2 F
( 5)
S3 F

Hence largest number of father-son pairs that can exist in a group of four men=3

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Q6. At a spot S en-route, the speed of a bus was reduced by 20% resulting in a delay of
45 minutes. Instead, if the speed were reduced at 60 km after S, it would have been
delayed by 30 minutes. The original speed, in km/h, was
1. 90 2. 80
3. 70 4. 60
Ans: (4)
Solution:
S
• • •
60 km S1 D

Case 1: Speed reduced by 20% causing 45 min delay in reaching at D.

Case 2: Speed reduced by 20% at S1 , 60 km from S.

Let distance between S and D = d

d
(I) Let original speed = v ; Time taken to reach D =
v
4v d
Speed, now, at S = . ∴ Time taken with new speed
5 4
v
5
d d 45 5d d 45 d 3
∴ =+ ⇒ − = ⇒ =⇒ d =3v
4 v 60 4 v v 60 4 v 4
v
5
(II) Now, bus reduces its speed by 20% at S1 , 60 km, from S.

60 d − 60 60 d − 60 d 30 60 3v − 60 3v 30
=
Time taken + ⇒ + = + ⇒ + = +
v 4 v 4 v 60 v 4 v 60
v v v
5 5 5
 d = 3v
60 15 75 1 15 7 15 15 1
⇒ + − =3 + ⇒ − = − ⇒− =− ⇒v=60 km h
v 4 v 2 v 2 4 v 4
Q7. If the sound of its thunder is heard 1s after a lightning was observed, how far away (in m)
was the source of thunder/lightning from the observer (given, speed of sound = x ms −1 ,

speed of light = y ms −1 )?

1. x 2 y 2. xy ( y − x )

3. xy ( x − y ) 4. y 2 x

Ans: (2)

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Solution:
d d
Time taken by sound to reach = , Time taken up light =
x y
where d = distance of observer from source.
d d 1 1 xy
Given, = +1 ⇒ d  −  =
1 ⇒d =
x y x y y−x
Q8. If two trapeziums of the same height, as shown below, can be joined to form a
parallelogram of area 2 ( a + b ) , then the height of the parallelogram will be
2a 2b − 1

2a + 1 2b
1. 4 2. 1
3. 1/2 4. 2
Ans: (2)
Solution:
Height of two trapezium = h (say)
2a 2b

2a + 1
( 2b − 1)
(Possible way of joining)
Area of parallelogram = Sum of areas of two trapeziums
1 1 1
∴ 2 (a + b) = × h ( 2a + 2a + 1) + × h ( 2b + 2b − 1) = × h {2a + 2b + 2a + 1 + 2b − 1}
2 2 2
1 2 (a + b)
=× h {4a + 4b} =⋅
h 2 (a + b) =
⇒h = 1
2 2 (a + b)

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Q9. Three fair cubical dice are thrown, independently. What is the probability that all the dice
read the same?
1. 1/6 2. 1/36
3. 1/216 4. 13/216
Ans: (2)
Solution:
All the three dice will read (favorable) either (1,1,1) or ( 2, 2, 2 ) or ( 3,3,3) or ( 4, 4, 4 ) or

( 5,5,5) or ( 6, 6, 6 )

1 1 1 1
∴ Probability of any one of occurrence = × × =
6 6 6 216
P {(1,1,1) or ( 2, 2, 2 ) or ( 3,3,3) or ( 4, 4, 4 ) or ( 5,5,5 ) or ( 6, 6, 6 )}

P {(1,1,1) + ( 2, 2, 2 ) + ... + P ( 6, 6, 6 )}=

1 1 1 6 1
+ + ... + = =
216 216 216 216 36
Q10. Consider two datasets A and B, each with 3 observations, such that both the datasets have
the same median. Which of the following MUST be true?
1. Sum of the observations in A = Sum of the observations in B.
2. Median of the squares of the observations in A = Median of the squares of the
observations in B.
3. The median of the combined dataset = median of A + median of B.
4. The median of the combined dataset = median of A.
Ans: (4)
Solution:
Choice (1): Suppose A = {3,5,8} → Median = 5; B = {2,5, 7} → Median = 5

Sum of observations in A is not equal to that of B. Hence (1) is not correct choice.
Choice (2): Suppose A = {−13,5,8} , Median = 5; B= {−4,5, 7} , Median = 7
Median of squares of A : {169, 25, 64} is 64.

Median of squares of B : {16, 25, 49} is 25.

We see median not equal. Hence choice (2) is also incorrect.

Choice (3): Also incorrect.
Suppose A = {3,5, 7} Median = 5; B = {2,5,8} Median = 5; C = A + B ⇒ {2,3,5,5, 7,8}

5+5
=
Median = 5 ≠ Median of A + Median of B.
2

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Choice (4):
From choice (3), we see that when observation from two datasets with same median are
combined. There is double entry of median with combined observations even in numbers.
Hence, resultant median is always average of middle two, i.e., the same medians
∴ The median of combined set = Median of A = Median of B
∴ Choice (4) is correct.
Q11. Price of an item is increased by 20% of its cost price and is then sold at 10% discount for
Rs. 2160. What is its cost price?
1. 1680 2. 1700
3. 1980 4. 2000
Ans: (4)
Solution:
 20  120
Let cost price = x ; New price =x × 1 + = x
 100  100
120 90
=
After discount, selling price x×
100 100
120 90 108
Given, x× =
2160 ⇒ x=
2160 ⇒ x =2000
100 100 100
Q12. A 50 litre mixture of paint is made of green, blue, and red colours in the ratio 5:3:2. If
another 10 litre of red colour is added to the mixture, what will be the new ratio?
1. 5:2:4 2. 4:3:2
3. 2:3:5 4. 5:3:4
Ans: (4)
Solution:
5
=
Quantity of green color ×=
50 25 Lit.
5+3+ 2
3
=
Blue color ×=
50 15 Lit.
5+3+ 2
2
=
Red color ×=
50 10 Lit.
5+3+ 2
∴ Now total quantity of red color = 10 + 10 = 20 Lit.
25 15 20
New ratio = : : = 25 :15 : 20 = 5 : 3 : 4
60 60 60

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 CSIR NET-JRF Physical Sciences June 2023
Solution-General Aptitude
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Q13. Two semicircles of same radii centred at A and C, touching each other, are placed
between two parallel lines, as shown in the figure. The angle BAC is
A B

D
C
1. 30° 2. 35°
3. 45° 4. 60°
Ans: (1)
Solution:
A B

2r
r

θ
D C
From the figure it is clear ∠BAC =
∠DCA
AD r 1
∴ sin θ == = ∴ θ = 30° (From ∆ADC )
AC 2r 2
Q14. A building has windows of sizes 2, 3 and 4 feet and their respective numbers are
inversely proportional to their sizes. If the total number of windows is 26, then how many
windows are there of the largest size?
1. 4 2. 6
3. 12 4. 9
Ans: (2)
Solution:
1 1
No. of windows of size 2 ∝ ; No. of windows of size 3 ∝ ; No. of windows of size
2 3
1
4∝
4
k k k
∴ No. of windows of size 2, 3 and 4 is , , where k = proportionality constant.
2 3 4
k k k 6k + 4k + 3k
∴ Given, + + =26 or, = 26 or, k = 24
2 3 4 12

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 CSIR NET-JRF Physical Sciences June 2023
Solution-General Aptitude
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k 24
∴ No. of windows of largest size ( = 4 ) is = = 6
4 4
Q15. Three consecutive integers a, b, c add to 15. Then the value of

( a − 2) + (b − 2) + ( c − 2)
2 2 2

would be
1. 25 2. 27 3. 29 4. 31
Ans: (3)
Solution:
Given a + b + c =
15 where a, b, c are consecutive integers.
i.e., 2b= a + c or, a + b + c = a + c + b = 2b + b = 15 (given) ∴ b=
5
∴ a = 4, b = 5 and c = 6

∴ Value of ( a − 2 ) + ( b − 2 ) + ( c − 2 ) = 22 + 32 + 42 = 4 + 9 + 16 = 29
2 2 2

Q16. Persons A and B have 73 secrets each. On some day, exactly one of them discloses his
secret to the other. For each secret A discloses to B in a given day, B discloses two
secrets to A on the next day. For each secret B discloses to A in a given day, A discloses
four secrets to B on the next day. The one who starts, starts by disclosing exactly one
secret. What is the smallest possible number of days it takes for B to disclose all his
secrets?
1. 5 2. 6 3. 7 4. 8
Ans: (1)
Solution:
1(1st day ) 1(1st day )
A B B A

2 ( next day ) 4 ( next day )

Suppose B starts disclosing the secret.

Remaining secret with B

day1: B
1
A 72 ( 73-1)
4 72
day 2: A B

64 ( 72-8 )
8
day 3: B A
32 64
day 4: A B

0 ( 64-68 )
64
day 5: B A

∴ Smallest possible no. of days it will take for B to disclose all his secrets = 5 days.

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 CSIR NET-JRF Physical Sciences June 2023
Solution-General Aptitude
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Q17. Given only one full 3 litre bottle and two empty ones of capacities 1 litre and 4 litres, all
ungraduated, the minimum number of pouring required to ensure 1 litre in each bottle is
1. 2 2. 3 3. 4 4. 5
Ans: (2)
Solution:

3L 1L 4L
(1) ( 2) ( 3)
Start: 3 0 0
1st: 2 1 0 ( Pour from bottle 1 to 2 )
2nd: 2 0 1 ( From 2 to 3)
3rd: 1 1 1 ( From 1 to 2 )
∴ Required minimum no. of pouring = 3
Q18. Sum of all the internal angles of a regular octagon is ____________ degrees.
1. 360 2. 1080
3. 1260 4. 900
Ans: (2)
Solution:

Sum of all internal angles of regular polygon of side n is ( 2n − 4 ) π .

2

Here n = 8 ; ∴ Sum of angles (internal) = ( 2 × 8 − 4)π 2 = 6π =×

6 180 =
1080° .

Q19. Which of the numbers=

A 1623 + 3273 and=
B 6123 − 1233 is divisible by 489?
1. Both A and B 2. A but not B
3. B but not A 4. Neither A nor B
Ans: (1)
Solution:
a 3 + b3 is always divisible by ( a + b ) and a 3 − b3 is always divisible by ( a − b ) .

∴ 1623 + 3273 will be divisible by (162 + 327 ) that is 489.

6123 − 1233 will be divisible by ( 612 − 123) that is 489.

∴ Correct choice is (1).

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 CSIR NET-JRF Physical Sciences June 2023
Solution-General Aptitude
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Q20. When a student in Section A who scored 100 marks in a subject is exchanged for a
student in Section B who scored 0 marks, the average marks of the Section A falls by 4,
while that of Section B increases by 5. Which of the following statements is true?
1. A has the same strength as B
2. A has 5 more students than B
3. B has 5 more students than A
4. The relative strengths of the classes cannot be assessed from the data
Ans: (2)
Solution:
Let no. of students in A = x and average = a
Also, no. of students in B = y and average score = b
∴ Score of section A = ax
New Score = ax − 100 + 0 = ax − 100
ax − 100
New average = = a − 4 (given) ....(i)
x
Also, Score of section B = by
New score after exchange= by + 100
by + 100
New average = = b + 5 (given) ....(ii)
y
From equation (i): x = 25 (no. of students in Section A)
From equation (ii): y = 20 (no. of students in Section B)
∴No. of students in section A is 5 more then B.
∴Correct choice is (2).

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