PME413 ENDTERM: FIRE PROTECTION AND

PREVENTION Classification of Roll Paper:

Section 1: General Requirements: Heavy Weight Class - paper boards, and paper
stock having weight per 1000 sq.ft of 20 lbs or
Scope of Fire Protection and Prevention: greater.
a. all private and public buildings, facilities, and
structures. Medium Weight Class - includes broad range of
b. storage and handling of combustible, paper having basis weight per 1000 sq.ft from
flammable, toxic, explosive and other hazardous 10 lbs to 20 lbs.
materials.
c. application of fire safety construction, Light Weight Class - all papers having basis
automatic fire suppression and fire protective weight 1000 sq.ft less than 10 lbs.
equipment and system.
Notes:
General Safety Requirements:
structure and facility owner of the building shall 1. Sprinkler discharge densities and ares of
provide and maintain operable automatic fire application are 10 ft (3.1 m) between sprinkler
protection devices, equipment fire safety and deflectors and maximum availabe storage
warning system. height.
2. Standard Orifices (1/2 in)
Purpose: Large Orifices (17/31 in)
to provide reasonable degree of protection for Old Style - discharge densities shall be
life and property from fire. increased by 25%
3. Files no to exceed 25-ft (7.6 m ) in direction of
Section 2: Indoor General Storage wheel holes
4. Water supply shall fulfill both requirements
Application of Scope:
a. this standard applies to storage 6.40 m or less Definitions:
in height, with commodities considered to be
combustibles. Available Height for Storage - the maximum
height at which commodities or packagings or
Commodity Classification: storage can be stored above floor and still
maintain clearance below sprinklers.
Class 1 or Commodity - essentially non-
combustible product or wood pallets, or Ordinary Combustibles - commodities or
ordinary corrugated cartons with or without packages or storage aids with hats of
single thickness dividers. combustion KJ/KG normally be extinguished by
cooling effect of water or quenching.
Metal Products
Exposure - exterior presence of combustibles
Foods in Non-Combustiible Containers. which when ignited could cause damage.

Class 2 Commodity - Class 1 products in slated Fire Wall - a wall designed to prevent the spread
wood crates, solid wooden boxes. of fire having resistance rating up to less than 4
hours.
Thinly Coated Fine Wires such as radio coil,
incandescent lamps of flourescent bulbs. Horizontal Channel - any uninterrupted space in
excess of 1524m.
Class 3 Commodity - wood, paper, natural fiber
cloth, plastic products on wood pallets. Having Authority Jurisdiction - is having office,
organization or individual responsible for
Class 4 Commodity - Class 1, 2 and 3 containing approving equipment and installation or
appreciable amount of plastics in paperboard procedure.
carton on wood pallets.
Class A Fire- fire involving ordinary combustible automatically by actuation of a smoke detector
materials. within 10-ft (3m) of vestibule door.

Class B Fire - fire in flammable liquid or gases. Wet Pipe System - a system attaching automatic
sprikler system to a piping system containing
Class C Fire - fire involving energized electrical water.
equipments.
Deluge System - like wet pipe system but used
Class D Fire - fire involving combustible metals. in extra hazard areas.

Dry Stand Pipe - a type of standpipe system Classification of Occupancies:

which pipes are not normally filled with water.
Water is introduced through Fire Service Light Hazard - quantity of combustiles are low
Connections when needed. and fire with relatively low rate of heat is
released.
Shall - an indicate of mandatory requiremnt.
Ordinary Hazard Occupancies:
Should - indicated recommendation but
required. 1. Ordinary Hazard (Group 1) - quantity of
combustile is moderate, stock piles do not
Sprinkler System - fire protection purpose, exceed 2400mm.
integrated system of one or more water supply
for fire use. Has actuator and is activated by 2. Ordinary Hazard (Group 2) - quantity of
heat from fire and releases water. combustible is moderate, stock piles do not
exceed 3700mm.
Classification of Storage:
3. Ordinary Hazard (Group 3) - quantity and
Type 1 Storage - which combustible combustibility of contents is high.
commodities or non combustible are stored
over 4.550 mm but not more than 6,400 mm Extra Hazard Occupancies:
high in solid pipes or over 3650 mm but not
more than 6,400 mm high in piles that contain 1. Extra Hazard (Group 1) - combustible
horizontal channels. hydraulic fluids.

Building Arragement: 2. Extra Hazard (Group 2) - flammable or

combustible liquids.
Newly Constructed Warehouse over one story
in height should be of not less than 3-4 hours Mimimum Water Supply:
fire resistive protection.
Light - 378.5 LPM - 30 MINUTES
Fire Wall Construction shall have parapet atleast Ordinary Group 1 - 946.5 LPM - 60-90 MINUTES
910 mm above building roof. Ordinary Group 2 - 946.5 LPM - 60-90 MINUTES
Ordinary Group 3 - 1893 LPM - 60 - 120
Stairways and Shaft of high rise building shall be MINUTES
smoke proof enclosures.
Gravity Tanks - the capacity and elevation of
The smoke proof enclosure may be tank fire protection use and fire arrangemnt of
accomplished by sung natural ventilation. Using supply piping shall provide volume and pressure
mechanical ventilation incorporating or by require as designed.
pressurizing the stair enclosure.
Pumps - fire pumps must be underwriters
smoke proof enclosure barriers 2-hour fire laboratory (UL) listed or factory manual
resistance rating. approved.

Natural Ventilation - shall be procted with a fire Spacing Location and Position of Sprinklers:
door assembly, closing or shall close
1. Area Limitations - the maximum floor area to b. opening of elevator shaft
be protected by sprinkler supplied on each floor c. stairways
follows: d. vertical opening in buildings
e. service chutes
Light Hazard: 4830m2 f. areas where combustible is stored
Ordinary Hazard: 4830m2 g. library stock room
Extra Hazard: 2323 m2
Standard for Installation of Fire Pumps -
Schedule of Light Hazard Occupancies: capacities in LPM and net pressure of 2.75 Bar.

25 mm - 2 Sprinklers Two Types of Standard Fire Pump

30 mm - 3 Sprinklers 1. Centrifugal Pump
38 mm - 5 Sprinklers 2. Vertical Turbine Pump
50 mm - 10 Sprinklers
65 mm - 30 Sprinklers Pressure Maintenance - rated capacities not less
75 mm - 60 Sprinklers than any normal leakage.
90 mm - 100 Sprinklers
100 mm - Area Limitation Given Hydrants - sufficient number shall be installed to
provide hose stream for every part of exterior in
Branch Line shall not exceed 8 sprinklers on buildings.
either side of the cross main.
hydrant accessories such as follow:
Each area requiring more than 100 sprinklers
and without subdividing partitions shall be hose 65 mm
supplied by feed main or rises sized by 1 - fire axe with brackets
oppurtunity. 1 - hydrant wrench
4 - coupling spanners, 65 mm
Protection Area Limitation: 2 - hose coupling gaskets

1. Light Hazard Occupancies - protection area Standpipe System - one of the best internal
per sprinkler shall not exceed 18.6 m2 means for extinguishing fire in buildings and
structures.
2. Ordinary Hazard Occupancies - protection
area per sprinkler shall not exceed 12.1 m2 Class Service:

3. Extra Hazard Occupancies - protection area Class 1 - for fire department use and those
per sprinkler shall not exceed 9.3 m trained in handling heavy fire stream 65 mm
hose.
Hose Connection for Fire Department Use -
minimum size of riser shall be 102 mm. Class 2 - for use primarily by building occupants
until arrival of fire department, 38 mm hose.
Sprinkler System shall Provide the Following:
Class 3 - either use of both of them.
a. system main drain
b. auxiliary drain on trapped section of pipe Standpipe System for Class 1 and Class 2 shall
c. inspector test connection not less than 25 be sized for a minimum flow of 1,893
mm for each system or each floor liter/minute. For Class 3 it is about 380 lpm or
d. pipe sleeves of proper size 1006 gpm
e. pipe sway bracing
f. water motor alarm gong Class 1 and Class 3 service shall be 1,893 Lpm
g. water flow switches for 30 minutes.
h. valve signs
Class 2 service shall be 380 Lpm for 30 minutes.

Sprinklers shall be required to following areas: Fire Code of the Philippines - Presidential
Decree No. 1185 or RA9514
a. concealed closed space
- be protected with automatic water sprinkler
system.

Portable Fire Extinguishers - even in building

with sprinkler system, fire extinguishers are still
necessary.