1.Atmosphere:- •Gases around the Earth.

The e-environmental policy of India focuses on using Biodiversity refers to the variety of living organisms in
•Affects weather and climate. •Important for breathing and protecting from digital technology to promote environmental an ecosystem, including plants, animals, fungi, and
the sun.
sustainability. This policy aims to improve the microorganisms. It also includes the variety of
2.Lithosphere: •The Earth's solid outer layer, including soil and rocks.
management and protection of natural resources by ecosystems and genetic differences within species.
•Provides minerals and resources.
integrating information technology (IT) into Biodiversity is important because it ensures ecosystem
•Supports plants and animals.
environmental policies and practices. stability, resilience, and the availability of resources for
3.Hydrosphere: •All water bodies like rivers, lakes, oceans. •Essential for life.
1.Digital Monitoring and Reporting: The use of digital survival.
•Influences weather patterns.
4.Biosphere:•The part of Earth where life exists. •Includes all living things. tools to track and report environmental data like Types of Biodiversity:
•Supports biodiversity. pollution levels, deforestation, and water quality. 1.Species Diversity: The variety of different species in
5.Ecosystems: •Communities of living organisms and their environment. 2.Awareness Campaigns: Using online platforms to an area, such as different types of animals, plants,
Includes plants, animals, and non-living things.
raise awareness about environmental issues and fungi, and bacteria. For example, the species diversity
•Functions through energy flow and nutrient cycles. 6.Biomes:
encourage eco-friendly practices among citizens. in a rainforest is very high due to the large number of
•Large areas with specific climate and vegetation. • Examples include forests,
deserts, and grasslands. 3.E-Governance in Environmental Management: The different organisms.
•Each has unique plants and animals. policy encourages using e-governance systems to 2.Genetic Diversity: The variety of genetic makeup
7.Soil: •A mixture of minerals, organic matter, water, and air. Important improve the efficiency and transparency of within species. For example, different breeds of dogs
for growing food and plants. •Supports various living organisms. 8.Climate:
environmental regulation and enforcement. or different varieties of crops within the same species.
•Long-term weather patterns in an area. Affects what types of plants and
4.Promoting Green Technologies: Supporting the This helps species adapt to changes in the
animals can live there. •Includes factors like temperature . 9.Natural
Resources: development and use of digital technologies that environment.
•Useful materials found in nature (e.g., water, wood, minerals). Can be reduce environmental impact, such as renewable 3.Ecosystem Diversity: The variety of ecosystems in the
renewable (like solar energy) or non-renewable (coal).
energy systems and smart grids. 5. Policy world, such as forests, wetlands, deserts, and oceans.
•Important for human needs.
Development: The policy also encourages collaboration Different ecosystems support different species and
10.Human Activity: •Actions by people that affect the environment (ex,
farming, building, pollution). •Plays a big role in environmental issues. between government agencies, private sectors, and functions, contributing to the overall health of the
environmental organizations through digital platforms planet.
to ensure effective environmental protection. Biodiversity is essential for maintaining ecological
balance and supporting life on Earth.

Concept of Ecosystem: An ecosystem is a community 1.Interdependence: All living and non-living things are 1.Awareness: It makes people aware of environmental
of living things (plants, animals, microorganisms) connected and depend on each other for survival. problems like pollution, deforestation, and climate
interacting with non-living things (air, water, soil, 2.Sustainability: Resources should be used wisely to change.
sunlight) in a specific environment. Types of ensure they last for future generations. 3.Diversity: 2.Behavioral Change: Promotes responsible actions
1.Terrestrial Ecosystems: Land-based ecosystems, like The variety of plants, animals, and ecosystems is and eco-friendly.
forests, deserts. essential for a balanced environment. 3.Sustainability: Teaches how to use resources wisely
2.Aquatic Ecosystems: Water-based ecosystems, like 4.Responsibility: Every individual has a role in to protect them for future generations. 4.Climate
oceans, rivers, lakes,. protecting and preserving the environment. Action: Helps address issues like global warming by
3.Artificial Ecosystems: Human-made ecosystems, like 5.Precaution: We should avoid actions that might harm promoting green practices.
farms, gardens. the environment, even if the risks are uncertain. 5.Biodiversity Protection: Teaches the importance of
Components. 6.Adaptability: Nature is constantly changing, and living preserving wildlife and ecosystems. 6.Health
organisms must adapt to survive. Benefits: Reduces pollution and ensures clean air,
1.Biotic Components: Biotic refers to all living
7.Resource Efficiency: Natural resources like water, water, and soil, leading to better health.
components present in an ecosystem.
soil, and air should not be wasted. 8.Economic Savings: Promotes recycling and renewable
Producers: Plants that make their own food through
8.Pollution Prevention: Preventing pollution is better energy, saving money and resources. 9.Policy
photosynthesis.
than trying to clean it up later. Support: Encourages active participation in
Consumers: Animals that eat plants (herbivores) or environmental policies and laws. 10.Community
other animals (carnivores). 9.Equity: Everyone should have fair access to natural
Involvement: Inspires collective action to protect the
resources.
Decomposers: Organisms like fungi and bacteria that environment locally and globally.
break down dead material. 10.Global Perspective: Environmental issues affect the
11.Future Generations: Prepares children and youth to
entire planet, so solutions must be
2.Abiotic Components : Abiotic refers to all non-living take care of the planet responsibly
cooperative and global.
components present in an ecosystem.
Sunlight, water, air, soil, temperature, and minerals
that influence the ecosystem.