ICT SKILLS

Information Technology
& communication

Topics - File system , File Management ,

Computer Care
FILE SYSTEM
FILE SYSTEM

● File System' is referred as the basic structure and concise format to arrange
the set of information with their names

● All information is stored and recognized in the computer in different types

of file format. There are different file formats for sound files, video files,
text files, graphic files, etc. Each of these have a different icon and
significant meaning. All files are identified by their extension in addition to
their name. The extension is assigned by the program itself in which files
are created. Some common files are identified by their extension as:
 FILE SYSTEM EXTENSION

● Open Document Text ● Odt

● Open Document Database ● Odb
● Open Document Spreadsheet ● Ods
● Music ● MP3, wav, etc.
● Picture or Image ● PNG, jpg, etc
● Open Document Presentation ● Odp
● Open Document Drawing ● Odg
● HTML Document ● HTML or htm
● XML Document ● Xml
● Portable Document Format ● Pdf
To Check File System Of Hard Disk

1. Right click on Computer icon and click on Manage option. Computer Management
window appears on the screen.
2. Click on Disk Management Option. File system of the Hard Disk installed on the
computer appears on the screen.
FILE MANAGEMENT
File Management

A computer system can keep our important data or information in files. Files can be named,
stored and retrieved. It also facilitates grouping of files in the form of directories or folders for
their access and protection. The arrangement of these files in the form of folders is known as
'File Management'.

Creating New File / Folder

To create a file / folder, follow the given steps:

Step 1: Right click on the desktop and select New option

Step 2: Press Enter key.

Moving a File/Folder

Suppose there is a folder named Books in Ddrive and that folder has to be moved to a new location say drive
then follow the given steps

Step 1: Right click on the folder that has to be moved and then select Cut option
Step 2: Fight-dick in the new location(C drive and select Paste option from the pop-up menu

Copying a File/Folder

To copy a file/folder, follow the given steps :

Step 1: Right click on the tile/folder that has to be moved and then select Copy option
Step 2: Right click in the desired location and then select Paste option from the pop-up menu

Renaming a File/Folder

To rename a file/folder follow the given steps

Step 1: Right click on the file or folder that has to be renamed (a pull down shortcut menu will appear
Step 2: Click on the Rename option
Step 3: Type new name for the folder/file and then press Enter key. The folder/file will then have the
new name
Deleting a File/Folder

To delete a file/folder, follow the given steps

Step 1: Right click on the folder/file ta pull down shortcut menu will appear)

Step 2: Click on Delete from the shortcut ment

Restoring a File/Folder

To restore a file/folder, follow the given steps:

Step 1: Open Recycle Bin (in Windows OS) or Trash (in Linux OS) by double clicking on its icon present on the Desktop,

Step 2: Right click on folder/file to be restored. Select Restore option to restore the folder/file in its original location.

Viewing the Properties of a File

Windows provides the facility to view the properties of a particular file like the date of its creation or modification, its size,
etc. To view the properties of a file, follow the given steps.
Step 1: Right click on any file and select Properties. A dialog box will appear and it will display
the properties of the file.

Step 2: Click on the General tab to view the general properties of the selected file(s)/folder(s)
like: type, location, size, date of creation, etc.
COMPUTER CARE
 COMPUTER CARE
As large amount of data is stored on the computer it is necessary to have regular maintenance
Malware and Virus may cause damage to the working of computer Loss of data can be
prevented it updated antivinus software is installed on the computer Files stored on the
computer must be properly organized and defragmented to avoid slowing down of the computer

Some general precautions that can be taken while placing the computer system at any place are:

● It should be away from direct heat and sunlight

● Ensure less fluctuations in temperature or electric supply else it may cause surges or
spikes.
● We should try to keep our room dust free and regularly do cleaning
● Never spill the eatables on computer system.
 CLEANING OF COMPUTER COMPONENTS
After proper installation of the system, we must ensure proper maintenance of its hardware and software
components. Cleaning the computer and other peripherals attached to it keeps it in a good working condition.

For example: CPU fan is used to cool down the components of CPU that may get heated while operating. If the
CPU fan is not cleaned, hardware components of CPU can easily catch fire due to overheating. Therefore, periodic
inspection of the components of computer must be done to increase lifetime of the hardware.

Some instructions to be followed while cleaning the hardware parts are:

● Always plug out each and every cable or wire before cleaning
● Never spray any liquid directly on the component to wipe off dust rather spray liquid on the cloth and then
wipe the dust. Try to use cotton cloth, microfiber cloth, etc.
● Try to use water diluted solvent for wiping to avoid any damage to the outer casing of the components.
Use dampened moist cloth to clean monitor, CD/DVD tray, etc.
● To clean your keyboard use compressed air Compressed air is pressurized air contained in a can with a
very long nozzle. Try to blow air in between the keys to remove dust
● If any liquid material gets spilled onto the keyboard, turn off the computer or atleast disconnect the
keyboard to prevent the substance from penetrating the circuit. Keep it in upside down position and allow
it to dry.
CLEANING HARDWARE PARTS OF COMPUTER
Monitor

● Spray water or cleaning liquid on a soft lint free cloth such as cotton and gently wipe the monitor .
● Never spray any liquid directly on the monitor

Keyboard

● Periodically clean the keyboard by holding it upside down and shaking it. Blow air in between the keys to remove
dust using compressed air
● Use a damp lint free cloth to clean the keyboard.
● Never spray any liquid directly on the keys of the keyboard

Optical Mouse

● Clean the bottom part of the optical mouse with a lint-free cloth
● Lens can be cleaned by blowing air using compressed air

Digital Camera

● Never touch the lens of the camera.

● Use soft lens brush or soft dry cloth to remove dust.
● Never spray any liquid directly on the lens.
Optical Disk (CD, DVD, Blu-ray Disc)

● Keep optical disk in a proper case to protect it from scratches, finger prints, etc.
● Use lint-free cloth to remove finger prints and dirt
● Put the drop of fluid on a cotton cloth and gently rub it on the disk to remove dust.

Preparing Maintenance Schedule

Periodic maintenance of a computer system is very important. Some of the maintenance

activities divided into daily, weekly, monthly and yearly basis are as follows:

On Daily Basis

● Clean the components of the computer system like keyboard, mouse, monitor, etc.
● Check for malfunctioning hardware.
● Remove temporary file, cache files, etc.
● Keep eatables away from the computer.
● Update antivirus software.
● Scan to prevent any virus attack.
● Never shut down your system directly using power button, use the proper shutdown
process.
● Never overcharge the battery.
On Weekly Basis

● Check for OS update.

● Backup the data.
● Use disk defragmenter in a month to put back together the scattered files.
● Scan your hard drive to see for any kind of physical and logical problems rather than
viruses and malwares.

On Monthly Basis

● Take backup of your hard drive as an image so that due to any reason if computer gets
crashed, the user won't have to download or reinstall.
● Uninstall most rarely used software.
● Installed software must be updated regularly so that it works with maximum efficiency.
● To avoid disc errors, delete temporary internet files.
● Change passwords frequently.
On Yearly Basis

● Get a thorough cleaning done by a professional to get rid of any kind of dirt or dust stuck
inside.
● Hardware components (RAM, Hard Disk) can be upgraded (if required).
THANK YOU