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Sense Organs Notes ICSE

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25 views

Sense Organs Notes ICSE

Uploaded by

winispassion
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Sense Organs - Biology (ICSE Class 10)

The human body has five sense organs that help us interact with the world around us. These organs

are the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin. Each sense organ has a specific function, and together,

they help us perceive different stimuli such as sight, sound, taste, smell, and touch.

1. The Eye (Vision)

The eye is the organ responsible for vision. It detects light and sends electrical signals to the brain,

which are interpreted as images. Key components of the eye include:

- Cornea: The clear, front surface of the eye.

- Lens: Focuses light onto the retina.

- Retina: Contains photoreceptor cells (rods and cones) that convert light into electrical signals.

- Optic Nerve: Transmits visual information to the brain.

Fun Fact: The human eye can differentiate approximately 10 million different colors!

2. The Ear (Hearing and Balance)

The ear is responsible for detecting sound and maintaining balance. The ear is divided into three

parts:

- Outer Ear: Collects sound waves and directs them to the eardrum.

- Middle Ear: Contains the ossicles (tiny bones that amplify sound).

- Inner Ear: Contains the cochlea, which converts sound vibrations into electrical signals, and the

vestibular system, which controls balance.

Fun Fact: Your ears never stop hearing, even when you're asleep!

3. The Nose (Smell)

The nose is the organ responsible for the sense of smell. It contains olfactory receptors that detect

airborne molecules and send signals to the brain.


- Olfactory Epithelium: The area where olfactory receptors are located.

- Olfactory Bulb: Processes signals from the nose and sends them to the brain.

Fun Fact: The human nose can detect over 1 trillion different scents!

4. The Tongue (Taste)

The tongue is responsible for detecting taste. It has taste buds that detect five primary tastes: sweet,

salty, sour, bitter, and umami (savory).

- Taste Buds: Sensory organs on the tongue that detect chemicals in food.

- Papillae: Small bumps on the tongue that house taste buds.

Fun Fact: The tongue is the only muscle in the body that is attached from one end only!

5. The Skin (Touch)

The skin is the largest organ of the body and is responsible for the sense of touch. It detects

sensations like pressure, temperature, and pain.

- Receptors: Specialized cells in the skin that respond to stimuli (e.g., heat, cold, pressure).

- Epidermis: The outermost layer of skin.

- Dermis: Contains nerves and blood vessels.

Fun Fact: The skin renews itself every 28 days!

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