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17 1 3 Genes Proteins 23 01 2024

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20 views5 pages

17 1 3 Genes Proteins 23 01 2024

Uploaded by

emmanuelmuziwandile3
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CIE IGCSE Biology


Revision Notes

IGCSE Biology CIE Revision Notes 17. Inheritance 17.1 Inheritance, Genes & Cell Division
17.1.3 Genes & Proteins

17.1.3 Genes & Proteins


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DNA Base Sequence To Amino Acid Sequence: Extended

The DNA Base Sequence Determines the Amino Acid Sequence in Protein

The DNA code (a series of bases) is converted into proteins (a series of amino acids)
The process of protein synthesis has two stages
Transcription (rewriting the base code of DNA into bases of RNA)
Translation (using RNA base sequence to build amino acids into sequence in a protein)
Therefore, the sequence of bases in a gene determines the sequence of amino acids that
make a specific protein
Different sequences of amino acids give different shapes and functions to protein
molecules

Exam Tip
Students often confuse sequences of bases (in DNA/RNA) with sequences of amino acids (in
proteins).

Make sure you're clear which large molecule you're referring to and therefore, which monomers
make up the larger molecule.
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1. Characteristics & Classification of Living Organisms

2. Organisation of the Organism

3. Movement into & out of Cells

4. Biological Molecules
5. Enzymes Join Now

6. Plant Nutrition

7. Human Nutrition

8. Transport in Plants

9. Transport in Animals

10. Diseases & Immunity

11. Gas Exchange in Humans

12. Respiration

13. Excretion in Humans

14. Coordination & Response

15. Drugs

16. Reproduction

17. Inheritance
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17.1 Inheritance, Genes & Cell Division

17.1.1 Chromosomes, Genes & Proteins

17.1.2 The Inheritance of Sex

17.1.3 Genes & Proteins

17.1.4 Protein Synthesis

17.1.5 Which Proteins are Synthesised?

17.1.6 Mitosis: Extended

17.1.7 Meiosis: Extended

17.1.8 Monohybrid Inheritance

17.1.9 Codominance & Sex-Linked Characteristics: Extended

18. Variation & Selection

19. Organisms & Their Environment

20. Human Influences on Ecosystems

21. Biotechnology & Genetic Modification

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