MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

MIT 2.111/8.411/6.898/18.435
Quantum Information Science I
November 16, 2010

Problem Set #9
(due in class, TUESDAY 23-Nov-10)

P1: (Feynman’s Hamiltonian model for QC) Read the paper Quantum Mechanical Computers,
Optics News, February 1985, by Richard Feynman (see course website for link). Following Feynman’s
prescription, give a Hamiltonian for simulating this discrete quantum circuit,
|q0 i H •

|q1 i ⊕

using a system of interacting spins, with one or more spins acting as a clock. Describe your system
and explain how your Hamiltonian simulation works.
P2: (Teleportation circuits) An unknown qubit in the state |ψi can be swapped with a second qubit
which is prepared in the state |0i using only two controlled-not gates, with the circuit
j0 i   j i
j i  j0 i
Show that the two circuits below, which use only a single cnot gate, with measurement and a
classically controlled single qubit operation, also accomplish the same task:
j0 i  Z j i j0 i H  X j i
j i  H j i 
_ _ _ _ _ _ L _ _  _ _ _ _ _ _ L _ _ 
     
     
_ _ _ _ _  _ _ _  _ _ _ _ _  _ _ _ 

P3: (T gate construction using teleportation) One way to implement a T gate is to first swap
the qubit state |ψi you wish to transform with some known state |0i, then to apply a T gate
to the resulting qubit (circuit A, below). Doing this does not seem particularly useful, but ac-
tually it leads to something which is! Show that by using the relations T X = exp(−iπ/4)SXT
and T U = U T (U is the controlled-not gate, and T acts on the control qubit) we may obtain circuit B:

j0 i H  X T Tj i j0 i = H T  SX Tj i

j i  j i = 
_ _ _ _ _ _ L _ _  _ _ _ _ _ _ L _ _ 
     
     
_ _ _ _ _  _ _ _  _ _ _ _ _  _ _ _ 
(A) (B)
P4: (Z-rotation gate using teleportation) Let Zθ denote a single qubit rotation Rz (θ) about the ẑ
axis. Prove that the output of this quantum circuit:
_ _ _ _ _ _ L _ _ 
  
|ψi • HZθ  
_ _ _ _ _  _ _ _ 
 m

|+i Z X m HZθ |ψi

is a qubit in the state X m HZθ |ψi, where m is the measurement result. This is a key idea used in the
cluster model of QC. How is this construction related to teleportation?