CESC NOTES COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION: Individuals can provide

their own contributions through acts of volunteerism in projects

and other communal initiatives.
What is a community?
COMMUNITY OWNERSHIP: The level of commitment and
● Is defined by two characteristics: accountability that an individual has for the community.

● LOCATION INCLUSIONS: Individuals can provide their own contributions

through acts of volunteerism in projects and other communal
● SOCIAL IDENTIFICATION initiatives. Individuals should also be an active member by taking
part in the managerial and organizational development of the
● Can be defined as a group of individuals bound within a community which includes the conceptualization, planning,
specific geographic location. operationalization and review of initiatives.
● An example of a collective that identifies common traits, ACCESS AND EQUITY: Individuals can provide their own
goals, or customs contributions through acts of volunteerism in projects and other
communal initiatives.
LOCATION: is the place where a particular point or object
exists. TYPES OF COMMUNITY

Social Identification- The study of the interplay between personal RURAL: Rural communities are mostly made up of smaller
and social identities. Social identity theory aims to specify and populations that spread out to self-sustaining areas where natural
predict the circumstances under which individuals think of resources are readily available.
themselves as individuals or as group members. URBAN: Urban communities are based on a larger population,
COMMUNITY: A community is a group of people who share and most often, urban areas are overcrowded due to it.
something in common. You can define a community by the SUB- URBAN: Such communities are often outlying a larger city.
shared attributes of the people in it and/or by the strength of the They have limited resources and little political autonomy.
connections among them. Suburban communities are often perceived as intermediate to rural
. BASICS OF A COMMUNITY and urban communities.

Self Help: About how individuals seek personal development FIVE TYPES OF COMMUNITY-ORGANIZATIONAL
without the help of others. COMMUNITIES:
UNAFFILIATED COMMUNITY: It is among the types of
community that is based on individuals who are not closely
associated with each other. This can also account for COMMUNITY DYNAMICS: Community Dynamics is the
subordination in some cases. Such community members are not process of change and development in communities of all living
designated or affiliated with a community or board. organisms—including plants, microorganisms, and small and large
creatures of every sort.
KEY FACTORS OF COMMUNITY DYNAMICS
1. Ensure that your community facilitates a purpose that enough
people care about to want to join.
FEDERATED COMMUNITY: Such communities are
2. Facilitate your community members’ purpose in every way that
associated with each other due to a common purpose or cause.
you can, flexing to their changing needs over time. Communities
They cooperate in a standard and collective environment. It can be
fail because they serve the creator’s original purpose and not the
seen as a partially individualistic and unified community.
members.
AFFILIATED COMMUNITY: Affiliated communities are the
3. Support and encourage greater participation in the community
ones that have some commonality or shared interest among its
by all individual members. You’ll need different strategies to
members due to a connection to an organization.
sustain participation by newbies as opposed to more senior
Virtual/Hybrid Community members.

-Virtual or hybrid communities leverage technology to facilitate 4. Divest ownership to the community so that it can organically
interactions among members. They can exist entirely online or scale. You won't be able to automate all the management tasks of
blend online and offline experiences. your community.

Increased Reach- Virtual communities can connect individuals 5. Protect the individuals in the community from harm (bullying,
across geographical boundaries. flaming, personal attacks) through tight moderation. In doing this
you will protect the overall community and ensure that it is a
Flexibility - Members can participate at their own pace and positive place for everyone to be.
convenience
6. Celebrate the achievements of the individuals in the community
Engagement- Interactive features, such as forums, polls, and live and of the overall community. Afterall, communities are made up
events, encourage active participation of people who generally enjoy social recognition and like to have
Managed Type Community - This refers to a community that is fun.
governed or overseen by a particular organization. entity. or the COMMUNITY ACTIONS: Community action might include
management team. ensuring that rules, regulations, and standards mobilising to provide local services, to campaign for changes in
are maintained. policy or the law, or to raise awareness of an issue. Action
normally takes place at a community level and is often outside of
the normal political framework.
PURPOSE OF COMMUNITY ACTIONS
Community action is about putting communities at the heart of
their own local services. Involving communities in the design and
delivery of services can help to achieve a number of objectives,
including:

● Building community and social capacity – helping the

community to share knowledge, skills and ideas.
● Community resilience – helping the community to
support itself.
● Prevention – a focus on early access to services or
support, engagement in design, cross-sector collaboration
and partnerships.
● Maintaining and creating wealth – for example helping
people into employment or developing community
enterprises
Community action through coalition: One way that community
action works to affect change is through coalitions. Coalitions are
where individuals or groups agree to join forces and work together
in joint action. These can be built within the same geographical
area or across local and national boundaries. Technology can be
particularly important for coalition building and for keeping
members in touch with one another and up to date on activities