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About the reviewers
Julien Dubois is the creator and lead developer of JHipster. He has more than 20 years of
experience as a software developer, mainly in Java and Web technologies. He has a strong
knowledge of the Spring Framework, having coauthored a best-selling book on the subject,
and has managed SpringSourcebs France subsidiary.

Today, Julien works as the Chief Innovation Officer at Ippon Technologies, an IT consulting
company that has delivered many JHipster-based applications to its clients worldwide.

I would like to thank my wife, Auralie, and our children, Gabrielle, Adrien, and Alice, for
their patience during the reviewing of this book and the development of JHipster.

Antonio Goncalves is a senior Java developer expert on distributed systems. Despite being
a consultant, he loves to build bonds with the community, so he created the Paris Java User
Group and Devoxx France. As a JCP expert member on various JSRs, Antonio uses this
expertise to write books on Java EE and to talk at international conferences. For his
expertise and all of his work for the Java community, Antonio has been elected Java
Champion. Follow him on Twitter at !BHPODBM.

Packt is searching for authors like you

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 Table of Contents
Preface 1

Chapter 1: Introduction to Modern Web Application Development 8

Modern full-stack web development 9
Web architecture patterns 11
Monolithic web architecture 12
Microservice architecture 15
Choosing the right pattern 18
When to choose a monolithic architecture 18
When to choose a microservice architecture 19
Summary 20
Chapter 2: Getting Started with JHipster 21
Why JHipster? 22
Goal and adoption of JHipster 23
Introduction to technologies available 24
Client-side technologies 24
HTML5 and CSS3 24
HTML5 24
CSS3 25
Sass 25
Bootstrap 25
MVVM framework 26
Angular 26
React 27
Build tools 27
Webpack 27
BrowserSync 28
Testing tools 28
Karma 28
Protractor 28
Internationalization 28
Server-side technologies 29
Spring Framework 29
 Table of Contents

Spring Boot 30
Spring Security 30
Spring MVC 31
Spring data 31
Security 31
JWT 31
Session 32
OAuth2 32
Build tools 32
Maven 32
Gradle 33
Hibernate 33
Liquibase 33
Caching 33
Ehcache 34
Hazelcast 34
Infinispan 34
Swagger 34
Thymeleaf 34
Dropwizard metrics 35
WebSocket 35
Kafka 35
Testing frameworks 36
JUnit 36
Gatling 36
Cucumber 36
Introduction to database options 36
SQL databases 37
H2 37
MySQL 37
MariaDB 37
PostgreSQL 37
MS SQL 38
Oracle 38
NoSQL databases 38
MongoDB 38
Cassandra 38
Elasticsearch 39
Installation and setup 39
Prerequisites 39

[ ii ]
 Table of Contents

Tools required 40
Installation procedure 40
Java 8 40
Git 41
Node.js 41
Yarn 42
Docker 42
IDE configuration 43
System setup 43
Installation of JHipster 44
Summary 45
Chapter 3: Building Monolithic Web Applications with JHipster 46
Application generation 47
Step 1 – preparing the workspace 47
Step 2 – generating code using JHipster 47
Server-side options 49
Client-side options 53
Internationalization options 54
Testing 55
Modules 56
Code walkthrough 58
File structure 59
Server-side source code 62
Java source 63
Resources 70
client-side source code 70
Starting the application 73
Application modules 74
Home and Login modules 75
Account modules 77
Settings 78
Password 78
Registration 79
Admin module 80
User management 80
Metrics 81
Health 82

[ iii ]
 Table of Contents

Configuration 82
Audits 83
Logs 83
API 84
Running generated tests 84
Server-side tests 85
Client-side tests 85
Summary 86
Chapter 4: Entity Modeling with JHipster Domain Language 87
Introduction to JDL 87
DSL grammar for JDL 88
Entity modeling with JDL 88
Relationship management 89
DTO, service, and pagination options 90
JDL Studio 92
Use case entity model with explanation 93
Entities 93
Relationships 96
Options for entities 97
Entity generation with JHipster 99
Generated code walkthrough 100
Server-side source code 102
Domain class for the entity 102
Repository interface for the entity 105
Service class for the entity 105
Resource class for the entity 106
Client side 107
TypeScript model class for the entity 107
Angular services for the entity 107
Angular components of the entity 108
Angular route for the entity 109
Angular module for the entity 110
Generated pages 111
Running generated tests 114
Summary 115
Chapter 5: Customization and Further Development 116
Live reload for development 117

[ iv ]
 Table of Contents

Spring Boot DevTools 117

Webpack dev server and BrowserSync 118
Setting up live reload for an application 119
Customizing the Angular frontend for an entity 119
Editing an entity using the JHipster entity sub-generator 129
Changing the look and feel of the application 136
Adding a new i18n language 138
Authorization with Spring Security 140
Limiting access to entities 140
Limiting access to create/edit/delete entities 141
Limiting access to data of other users 142
Summary 145
Chapter 6: Testing and Continuous Integration 146
Fixing and running tests 147
Continuous integration 152
CI/CD tools 153
Jenkins 153
Travis CI 154
GitLab CI 154
CircleCI 154
Setting up Jenkins 155
Creating a Jenkins pipeline using JHipster 155
The Jenkinsfile and its stages 157
Setting up the Jenkinsfile in a Jenkins server 160
Summary 164
Chapter 7: Going into Production 165
An Introduction to Docker 166
Docker containers 166
The Dockerfile 167
The Docker Hub 167
Docker compose 168
Starting the production database with Docker 169
An introduction to Spring profiles 171
Packaging the application for local deployment 172

[v]
 Table of Contents

Building and deploying using Docker 172

Building and deploying an executable archive 173
Upgrading to the newest version of JHipster 174
An introduction to deployment options supported by JHipster 178
Heroku 178
Cloud Foundry 179
Amazon Web Services 179
Production deployment to Heroku cloud 179
Summary 182
Chapter 8: Introduction to Microservice Server-Side Technologies 183
Microservice applications versus monoliths 184
Building blocks of a microservice architecture 186
Service registry 187
Service discovery 187
Health check 189
Dynamic routing and resiliency 189
Security 190
Fault tolerance and failover 190
JHipster Registry 191
Netflix Eureka server 191
Spring cloud config server 193
HashiCorp Consul 194
Service discovery 194
Health discovery 194
K/V store 195
Multiple data centers 195
JHipster Gateway 195
Netflix Zuul 195
Hystrix 196
JHipster Console 197
Elasticsearch 197
Logstash 197
Kibana 198
Zipkin 198
Prometheus 198
JHipster UAA server 200

[ vi ]
 Table of Contents

Summary 201
Chapter 9: Building Microservices with JHipster 202
Application architecture 203
Gateway application generation 204
Converting a monolithic application to a microservice gateway 205
Application generation 206
Generating a new Gateway 207
Gateway configuration 213
JWT authentication 217
How JWT works 217
Microservice application - Invoice Service with MySQL database 220
Application generation 220
Microservice configuration 225
Microservice application - notification service with NoSQL
database 229
Application generation 229
Microservice configuration 231
Summary 232
Chapter 10: Working with Microservices 233
Setting up JHipster Registry locally 233
Using a pre-packaged WAR file 235
Building from source 237
Docker mode 237
Running a generated application locally 239
Gateway application pages 239
JHipster Registry pages 242
System status 243
Below renew threshold 243
Instances registered 243
General info and health 243
Application listing page 244
Metrics page 245
Health page 247
Configuration page 248
Logs page 248
Swagger API endpoints 249

[ vii ]
 Table of Contents

Running invoice and notification applications locally 255

Modeling entities in JDL 257
Entity generation on microservices 260
Explaining the generated code 262
Gateway application 264
Explaining the generated pages 265
Summary 266
Chapter 11: Deploying with Docker Compose 267
Introducing microservice deployment options 267
A short introduction to Docker Compose 268
Kickstarting Kubernetes 270
Introducing OpenShift 273
Explaining Rancher 273
Generated Docker Compose files 273
Walking through the generated files 274
Building and deploying everything to Docker locally 279
Generating docker-compose files for microservices 280
Features of the deployed application 285
JHipster console demo 286
Scaling up with Docker Swarm 289
Summary 290
Chapter 12: Deploying to the Cloud with Kubernetes 291
Generating Kubernetes configuration files with JHipster 291
Walking through the generated files 297
Deploying the application to Google Cloud with Kubernetes 300
Summary 306
Chapter 13: Using React for the Client-Side 307
Generating an application with React client side 307
Technical stack and source code 310
Technical stacks 311
Using TypeScript 311
State management with Redux and friends 312
Routing with React Router 313
HTTP requests using Axios 314
Bootstrap components using Reactstrap 314

[ viii ]
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 Table of Contents

Unit testing setup 315

Generating source code 315
Generating an entity with React client side 322
Summary 328
Chapter 14: Best Practices with JHipster 329
The next steps to pursue 330
Adding a shopping cart for the application 330
Improving end-to-end tests 331
Improving the CI/CD pipeline 332
Building a JHipster module 332
Best practices to keep in mind 333
Choosing a client-side framework 333
Choosing a database option 334
Architecture considerations 335
Security considerations 336
Deployment and maintenance 336
General best practices 337
Using JHipster modules 338
Contributing to JHipster 339
Summary 340
Other Books You May Enjoy 341

Index 344

[ ix ]
 Preface
This book, Full Stack development with JHipster, aims to address the following challenges
faced by full-stack developers today:

There are multitudes of technologies and options out there to learn

Customer demands have increased and hence time to market has become more
stringent
Client-side frameworks have become complicated and difficult to integrate
There is so much integration between technologies and concepts that it
overwhelms most novice and even proficient developers

JHipster provides a platform for developers to easily create web applications and
microservices from scratch, without having to spend a lot of time wiring everything
together and integrating technologies together. This frees up time immensely for developers
to actually focus on their solution rather than spending time learning and writing
boilerplate code. JHipster will help novice and experienced developers to be more
productive from day one. It's like pair programming with an entire community.

This book will take you on a journey from zero to hero in full stack development. You will
learn to create complex production-ready Spring Boot and Angular web applications from
scratch using JHipster and will go on to develop and deploy features and business logic on
cloud services. You will also learn about microservices and how to convert a monolithic
application into the microservice architecture as it evolves using JHipster. Additionally, you
will learn how to make use of the new React support being introduced in JHipster and
about various best practices and suggestions from the JHipster community and the core
development team.
Preface

Who this book is for

Anyone with a basic understanding of building Java web applications and basic exposure to
Spring and Angular/React can benefit from using this book to learn how to use JHipster for
cutting-edge full-stack development or to improve their productivity by cutting down
boilerplate and learning new techniques. The audience can be broadly classified as follows:

Full stack web app developers who want to reduce the amount of boilerplate they
write and save time, especially for greenfield projects.
Backend developers who want to learn full stack development with Angular or
React
Full-stack developers who want to learn microservice development
Developers who want to jump-start their full stack web application or
microservice development
Developers who want to quickly prototype web applications or microservices

What this book covers

$IBQUFS, Introduction to Modern Web Application Development, introduces two widely used
full-stack web application development architectures. It also lays out commonly faced
challenges in full stack web application development.

$IBQUFS, Getting Started with JHipster, introduces the JHipster platform. It will also give
the reader a brief overview of different server-side, client-side, and DB technology options
offered by JHipster. This chapter will also provide instructions to install and use JHipster
and various tools and options supported by it.

$IBQUFS, Building Monolithic Web Applications with JHipster, guides the user through the
creation of a production-ready Spring boot and Angular web applications from scratch
using JHipster and will take the reader through the generated code, screens, and concepts.

$IBQUFS, Entity Modeling with JHipster Domain Language, introduces the reader to JHipster
domain language (JDL) and will teach build business logic with entity modeling and entity
creation using JDL and JDL studio.

[2]
Preface

$IBQUFS, Customization and Further Development, guides the reader through further
development of the generated application. It will also teach how to the reader more about
using technologies such as Angular, Bootstrap, Spring Security, Spring MVC REST, and
Spring Data.

$IBQUFS, Testing and Continuous Integration, guides the reader through testing and setting
up a continuous integration pipeline using Jenkins.

$IBQUFS, Going into Production, shows the reader how to use Docker and how to build and
package the app for production. It will also introduce the reader to some of the production
cloud deployment options supported by JHipster.

$IBQUFS, Introduction to Microservice Server-Side Technologies, gives an overview of

different options available in the JHipster microservice stack.

$IBQUFS, Building Microservices with JHipster, guides the reader through converting a
JHipster monolith web application into a full-fledged microservice architecture with a
Gateway, Registry, monitoring console, and multiple microservices. It will also guide the
reader through the generated code and components such as JHipster registry, JHipster
console, API gateway, and JWT.

$IBQUFS, Working with Microservices, guides the reader through running the generated
applications locally and creating domain entities for the microservice architecture using
JHipster domain language.

$IBQUFS, Deploying with Docker Compose, introduces the reader to advanced local and
cloud deployment options for microservices. It will also guide the user through local
deployment and testing of the generated microservice stack using Docker Compose and
JHipster.

$IBQUFS, Deploying to the Cloud with Kubernetes, guides the user through the Google
cloud deployment of the generated microservice stack using Kubernetes and JHipster.

$IBQUFS, Using React for the Client-Side, takes the user through generating an application
with React on the client side instead of Angular using JHipster.

$IBQUFS, Best Practices with JHipster, summarizes what the reader has learned so far and
will suggest best practices and next steps to utilize the skills learned.

[3]
Preface

To get the most out of this book

To get the most out of this book, you will need to know basics of the following technologies:

Web technologies (HTML, JavaScript, and CSS)

Java 8
Basics of the Spring Framework
Basic understanding of SQL databases
Build tools (Maven or Gradle)
npm or Yarn

It will also be easier if you are familiar with using technologies such as Docker and
Kubernetes, as it will help you grasp some of the chapters easily.

You will also need JDK8, Git, Docker, and NodeJS installed; your favorite web browser; a
terminal application; and your favorite code editor/IDE.

Download the example code files

You can download the example code files for this book from your account at
XXXQBDLUQVCDPN. If you purchased this book elsewhere, you can visit
XXXQBDLUQVCDPNTVQQPSU and register to have the files emailed directly to you.

You can download the code files by following these steps:

1. Log in or register at XXXQBDLUQVCDPN.

2. Select the SUPPORT tab.
3. Click on Code Downloads & Errata.
4. Enter the name of the book in the Search box and follow the onscreen
instructions.

Once the file is downloaded, please make sure that you unzip or extract the folder using the
latest version of:

WinRAR/7-Zip for Windows

Zipeg/iZip/UnRarX for Mac
7-Zip/PeaZip for Linux

[4]
Exploring the Variety of Random
Documents with Different Content
 "And I direct that, after my death, the alimentary
organs be removed entire with their contents from my
body, commencing with the œsophagus and ending
with the anal canal, and that they be properly secured
at both ends with a suitable ligature, and be enclosed
in a proper preservative medium in a glass vessel and
given to my great-nephew Thomas Macpherson of the
Stone Cottage, Gatehouse-of-the-Fleet, in
Kirkcudbrightshire, now studying medicine in
Aberdeen. And I bequeath him these my alimentary
organs with their contents for his study and edification,
they having served me for ninety-five years without
failure or defect, because I wish him to understand that
no riches in the world are comparable to the riches of a
good digestion. And I desire of him that he will, in the
exercise of his medical profession, use his best
endeavours to preserve to his patients the blessing of
good digestion unimpaired, not needlessly filling their
stomachs with drugs out of concern for his own pocket,
but exhorting them to a sober and temperate life
agreeably to the design of Almighty Providence."
After this remarkable passage, the document went on to make
Robert Ferguson residuary legatee without particular specification of
any property, and to appoint a firm of lawyers in Glasgow executors
of the will.
Wimsey considered the bequest for some time. From the
phraseology he concluded that old Mr. Ferguson had drawn up his
own will without legal aid, and he was glad of it, for its wording thus
afforded a valuable clue to the testator's mood and intention. He
mentally noted three points: the "alimentary organs with their
contents" were mentioned twice over, with a certain emphasis; they
were to be ligatured top and bottom; and the legacy was
accompanied by the expression of a wish that the legatee should not
allow his financial necessities to interfere with the conscientious
exercise of his professional duties. Wimsey chuckled. He felt he
rather liked Great-Uncle Joseph.
He got up, collected his hat, gloves, and stick, and advanced with
the will in his hand to return it to the attendant. The latter was
engaged in conversation with a young man, who seemed to be
expostulating about something.
"I'm sorry, sir," said the attendant, "but I don't suppose the other
gentleman will be very long. Ah!" He turned and saw Wimsey. "Here
is the gentleman."
The young man, whose reddish hair, long nose, and slightly sodden
eyes gave him the appearance of a dissipated fox, greeted Wimsey
with a disagreeable stare.
"What's up? Want me?" asked his lordship airily.
"Yes, sir. Very curious thing, sir; here's a gentleman enquiring for that
very same document as you've been studying, sir. I've been in this
department fifteen years, and I don't know as I ever remember such
a thing happening before."
"No," said Wimsey, "I don't suppose there's much of a run on any of
your lines as a rule."
"It's a very curious thing indeed," said the stranger, with marked
displeasure in his voice.
"Member of the family?" suggested Wimsey.
"I am a member of the family," said the foxy-faced man. "May I ask
whether you have any connection with us?"
"By all means," replied Wimsey graciously.
"I don't believe it. I don't know you."
"No, no—I meant you might ask, by all means."
The young man positively showed his teeth.
"Do you mind telling me who you are, anyhow, and why you're so
damned inquisitive about my great-uncle's will?"
Wimsey extracted a card from his case and presented it with a smile.
Mr. Robert Ferguson changed colour.
"If you would like a reference as to my respectability," went on
Wimsey affably, "Mr. Thomas Macpherson will, I am sure, be happy
to tell you about me. I am inquisitive," said his lordship—"a student
of humanity. Your cousin mentioned to me the curious clause relating
to your esteemed great-uncle's—er—stomach and appurtenances.
Curious clauses are a passion with me. I came to look it up and add
it to my collection of curious wills. I am engaged in writing a book on
the subject—Clauses and Consequences. My publishers tell me it
should enjoy a ready sale. I regret that my random jottings should
have encroached upon your doubtless far more serious studies. I
wish you a very good morning."
As he beamed his way out, Wimsey, who had quick ears, heard the
attendant informing the indignant Mr. Ferguson that he was "a very
funny gentleman—not quite all there, sir." It seemed that his
criminological fame had not penetrated to the quiet recesses of
Somerset House. "But," said Wimsey to himself, "I am sadly afraid
that Cousin Robert has been given food for thought."

Under the spur of this alarming idea, Wimsey wasted no time, but
took a taxi down to Hatton Garden, to call upon a friend of his. This
gentleman, rather curly in the nose and fleshy about the eyelids,
nevertheless came under Mr. Chesterton's definition of a nice Jew,
for his name was neither Montagu nor McDonald, but Nathan
Abrahams, and he greeted Lord Peter with a hospitality amounting to
enthusiasm.
"So pleased to see you. Sit down and have a drink. You have come
at last to select the diamonds for the future Lady Peter, eh?"
"Not yet," said Wimsey.
"No? That's too bad. You should make haste and settle down. It is
time you became a family man. Years ago we arranged I should
have the privilege of decking the bride for the happy day. That is a
promise, you know. I think of it when the fine stones pass through my
hands. I say, 'That would be the very thing for my friend Lord Peter.'
But I hear nothing, and I sell them to stupid Americans who think
only of the price and not of the beauty."
"Time enough to think of the diamonds when I've found the lady."
Mr. Abrahams threw up his hands.
"Oh, yes! And then everything will be done in a hurry! 'Quick, Mr.
Abrahams! I have fallen in love yesterday and I am being married to-
morrow.' But it may take months—years—to find and match perfect
stones. It can't be done between to-day and to-morrow. Your bride
will be married in something ready-made from the jeweller's."
"If three days are enough to choose a wife," said Wimsey, laughing,
"one day should surely be enough for a necklace."
"That is the way with Christians," replied the diamond-merchant
resignedly. "You are so casual. You do not think of the future. Three
days to choose a wife! No wonder the divorce-courts are busy. My
son Moses is being married next week. It has been arranged in the
family these ten years. Rachel Goldstein, it is. A good girl, and her
father is in a very good position. We are all very pleased, I can tell
you. Moses is a good son, a very good son, and I am taking him into
partnership."
"I congratulate you," said Wimsey heartily. "I hope they will be very
happy."
"Thank you, Lord Peter. They will be happy, I am sure. Rachel is a
sweet girl and very fond of children. And she is pretty, too. Prettiness
is not everything, but it is an advantage for a young man in these
days. It is easier for him to behave well to a pretty wife."
"True," said Wimsey. "I will bear it in mind when my time comes. To
the health of the happy pair, and may you soon be an ancestor.
Talking of ancestors, I've got an old bird here that you may be able to
tell me something about."
"Ah, yes! Always delighted to help you in any way, Lord Peter."
"This photograph was taken some thirty years ago, but you may
possibly recognise it."
Mr. Abrahams put on a pair of horn-rimmed spectacles, and
examined the portrait of Great-Uncle Joseph with serious attention.
"Oh, yes, I know him quite well. What do you want to know about
him, eh?" He shot a swift and cautious glance at Wimsey.
"Nothing to his disadvantage. He's dead, anyhow. I thought it just
possible he had been buying precious stones lately."
"It is not exactly business to give information about a customer," said
Mr. Abrahams.
"I'll tell you what I want it for," said Wimsey. He lightly sketched the
career of Great-Uncle Joseph, and went on: "You see, I looked at it
this way. When a man gets a distrust of banks, what does he do with
his money? He puts it into property of some kind. It may be land, it
may be houses—but that means rent, and more money to put into
banks. He is more likely to keep it in gold or notes, or to put it into
precious stones. Gold and notes are comparatively bulky; stones are
small. Circumstances in this case led me to think he might have
chosen stones. Unless we can discover what he did with the money,
there will be a great loss to his heirs."
"I see. Well, if it is as you say, there is no harm in telling you. I know
you to be an honourable man, and I will break my rule for you. This
gentleman, Mr. Wallace——"
"Wallace, did he call himself?"
"That was not his name? They are funny, these secretive old
gentlemen. But that is nothing unusual. Often, when they buy stones,
they are afraid of being robbed, so they give another name. Yes,
yes. Well, this Mr. Wallace used to come to see me from time to
time, and I had instructions to find diamonds for him. He was looking
for twelve big stones, all matching perfectly and of superb quality. It
took a long time to find them, you know."
"Of course."
"Yes. I supplied him with seven altogether, over a period of twenty
years or so. And other dealers supplied him also. He is well known in
this street. I found the last one for him—let me see—in last
December, I think. A beautiful stone—beautiful! He paid seven
thousand pounds for it."
"Some stone. If they were all as good as that, the collection must be
worth something."
"Worth anything. It is difficult to tell how much. As you know, the
twelve stones, all matched together, would be worth far more than
the sum of the twelve separate prices paid for the individual
diamonds."
"Naturally they would. Do you mind telling me how he was
accustomed to pay for them?"
"In Bank of England notes—always—cash on the nail. He insisted on
discount for cash," added Mr. Abrahams, with a chuckle.
"He was a Scotsman," replied Wimsey. "Well, that's clear enough.
He had a safe-deposit somewhere, no doubt. And, having collected
the stones, he made his will. That's clear as daylight, too."
"But what has become of the stones?" enquired Mr. Abrahams, with
professional anxiety.
"I think I know that too," said Wimsey. "I'm enormously obliged to
you, and so, I fancy, will his heir be."
"If they should come into the market again——" suggested Mr.
Abrahams.
"I'll see you have the handling of them," said Wimsey promptly.
"That is kind of you," said Mr. Abrahams. "Business is business.
Always delighted to oblige you. Beautiful stones—beautiful. If you
thought of being the purchaser, I would charge you a special
commission, as my friend."
"Thank you," said Wimsey, "but as yet I have no occasion for
diamonds, you know."
"Pity, pity," said Mr. Abrahams. "Well, very glad to have been of
service to you. You are not interested in rubies? No? Because I have
something very pretty here."
He thrust his hand casually into a pocket, and brought out a little
pool of crimson fire like a miniature sunset.
"Look nice in a ring, now, wouldn't it?" said Mr. Abrahams. "An
engagement ring, eh?"
Wimsey laughed, and made his escape.
He was strongly tempted to return to Scotland and attend personally
to the matter of Great-Uncle Joseph, but the thought of an important
book sale next day deterred him. There was a manuscript of Catullus
which he was passionately anxious to secure, and he never
entrusted his interests to dealers. He contented himself with sending
a wire to Thomas Macpherson:
"Advise opening up Great-uncle Joseph immediately."
The girl at the post-office repeated the message aloud and rather
doubtfully. "Quite right," said Wimsey, and dismissed the affair from
his mind.

He had great fun at the sale next day. He found a ring of dealers in
possession, happily engaged in conducting a knock-out. Having lain
low for an hour in a retired position behind a large piece of statuary,
he emerged, just as the hammer was falling upon the Catullus for a
price representing the tenth part of its value, with an overbid so
large, prompt, and sonorous that the ring gasped with a sense of
outrage. Skrymes—a dealer who had sworn an eternal enmity to
Wimsey, on account of a previous little encounter over a Justinian—
pulled himself together and offered a fifty-pound advance. Wimsey
promptly doubled his bid. Skrymes overbid him fifty again. Wimsey
instantly jumped another hundred, in the tone of a man prepared to
go on till Doomsday. Skrymes scowled and was silent. Somebody
raised it fifty more; Wimsey made it guineas and the hammer fell.
Encouraged by this success, Wimsey, feeling that his hand was in,
romped happily into the bidding for the next lot, a Hypnerotomachia
which he already possessed, and for which he felt no desire
whatever. Skrymes, annoyed by his defeat, set his teeth, determining
that, if Wimsey was in the bidding mood, he should pay through the
nose for his rashness. Wimsey, entering into the spirit of the thing,
skied the bidding with enthusiasm. The dealers, knowing his
reputation as a collector, and fancying that there must be some
special excellence about the book that they had failed to observe,
joined in whole-heartedly, and the fun became fast and furious.
Eventually they all dropped out again, leaving Skrymes and Wimsey
in together. At which point Wimsey, observing a note of hesitation in
the dealer's voice, neatly extricated himself and left Mr. Skrymes with
the baby. After this disaster, the ring became sulky and demoralised
and refused to bid at all, and a timid little outsider, suddenly flinging
himself into the arena, became the owner of a fine fourteenth-
century missal at bargain price. Crimson with excitement and
surprise, he paid for his purchase and ran out of the room like a
rabbit, hugging the missal as though he expected to have it snatched
from him. Wimsey thereupon set himself seriously to acquire a few
fine early printed books, and, having accomplished this, retired,
covered with laurels and hatred.
After this delightful and satisfying day, he felt vaguely hurt at
receiving no ecstatic telegram from Macpherson. He refused to
imagine that his deductions had been wrong, and supposed rather
that the rapture of Macpherson was too great to be confined to
telegraphic expression and would come next day by post. However,
at eleven next morning the telegram arrived. It said:
"Just got your wire what does it mean great-uncle
stolen last night burglar escaped please write fully."
Wimsey committed himself to a brief comment in language usually
confined to the soldiery. Robert had undoubtedly got Great-Uncle
Joseph, and, even if they could trace the burglary to him, the legacy
was by this time gone for ever. He had never felt so furiously
helpless. He even cursed the Catullus, which had kept him from
going north and dealing with the matter personally.
While he was meditating what to do, a second telegram was brought
in. It ran:
 "Great-uncle's bottle found broken in fleet dropped by
burglar in flight contents gone what next."
Wimsey pondered this.
"Of course," he said, "if the thief simply emptied the bottle and put
Great-Uncle in his pocket, we're done. Or if he's simply emptied
Great-Uncle and put the contents in his pocket, we're done. But
'dropped in flight' sounds rather as though Great-Uncle had gone
overboard lock, stock, and barrel. Why can't the fool of a Scotsman
put a few more details into his wires? It'd only cost him a penny or
two. I suppose I'd better go up myself. Meanwhile a little healthy
occupation won't hurt him."

He took a telegraph form from the desk and despatched a further

message:
"Was great-uncle in bottle when dropped if so drag
river if not pursue burglar probably Robert Ferguson
spare no pains starting for Scotland to-night hope
arrive early to-morrow urgent important put your back
into it will explain."
The night express decanted Lord Peter Wimsey at Dumfries early
the following morning, and a hired car deposited him at the Stone
Cottage in time for breakfast. The door was opened to him by
Maggie, who greeted him with hearty cordiality:
"Come awa' in, sir. All's ready for ye, and Mr. Macpherson will be
back in a few minutes, I'm thinkin'. Ye'll be tired with your long
journey, and hungry, maybe? Aye. Will ye tak' a bit parritch to your
eggs and bacon? There's nae troot the day, though yesterday was a
gran' day for the fush. Mr. Macpherson has been up and doun, up
and doun the river wi' my Jock, lookin' for ane of his specimens, as
he ca's them, that was dropped by the thief that cam' in. I dinna ken
what the thing may be—my Jock says it's like a calf's pluck to look
at, by what Mr. Macpherson tells him."
"Dear me!" said Wimsey. "And how did the burglary happen,
Maggie?"
"Indeed, sir, it was a vera' remarkable circumstance. Mr. Macpherson
was awa' all day Monday and Tuesday, up at the big loch by the
viaduct, fishin'. There was a big rain Saturday and Sunday, ye may
remember, and Mr. Macpherson says, 'There'll be grand fishin' the
morn, Jock,' says he. 'We'll go up to the viaduct if it stops rainin' and
we'll spend the nicht at the keeper's lodge.' So on Monday it stoppit
rainin' and was a grand warm, soft day, so aff they went together.
There was a telegram come for him Tuesday mornin', and I set it up
on the mantelpiece, where he'd see it when he cam' in, but it's been
in my mind since that maybe that telegram had something to do wi'
the burglary."
"I wouldn't say but you might be right, Maggie," replied Wimsey
gravely.
"Aye, sir, that wadna surprise me." Maggie set down a generous dish
of eggs and bacon before the guest and took up her tale again.
"Well, I was sittin' in my kitchen the Tuesday nicht, waitin' for Mr.
Macpherson and Jock to come hame, and sair I pitied them, the puir
souls, for the rain was peltin' down again, and the nicht was sae dark
I was afraid they micht ha' tummelt into a bog-pool. Weel, I was
listenin' for the sound o' the door-sneck when I heard something
movin' in the front room. The door wasna lockit, ye ken, because Mr.
Macpherson was expectit back. So I up from my chair and I thocht
they had mebbe came in and I not heard them. I waited a meenute
to set the kettle on the fire, and then I heard a crackin' sound. So I
cam' out and I called, 'Is't you, Mr. Macpherson?' And there was nae
answer, only anither big crackin' noise, so I ran forrit, and a man
cam' quickly oot o' the front room, brushin' past me an' puttin' me
aside wi' his hand, so, and oot o' the front door like a flash o'
lightnin'. So, wi' that, I let oot a skelloch, an' Jock's voice answered
me fra' the gairden gate. 'Och!' I says, 'Jock! here's a burrglar been i'
the hoose!' An' I heerd him runnin' across the gairden, doun tae the
river, tramplin' doun a' the young kail and the stra'berry beds, the
blackguard!"
Wimsey expressed his sympathy.
"Aye, that was a bad business. An' the next thing, there was Mr.
Macpherson and Jock helter-skelter after him. If Davie Murray's
cattle had brokken in, they couldna ha' done mair deevastation. An'
then there was a big splashin' an' crashin', an', after a bit, back
comes Mr. Macpherson an' he says, 'He's jumpit intil the Fleet,' he
says, 'an' he's awa'. What has he taken?' he says. 'I dinna ken,' says
I, 'for it all happened sae quickly I couldna see onything.' 'Come awa'
ben,' says he, 'an' we'll see what's missin'.' So we lookit high and
low, an' all we could find was the cupboard door in the front room
broken open, and naething taken but this bottle wi' the specimen."
"Aha!" said Wimsey.
"Ah! an' they baith went oot tegither wi' lichts, but naething could
they see of the thief. Sae Mr. Macpherson comes back, and 'I'm
gaun to ma bed,' says he, 'for I'm that tired I can dae nae mair the
nicht,' says he. 'Oh!' I said, 'I daurna gae tae bed; I'm frichtened.' An'
Jock said, 'Hoots, wumman, dinna fash yersel'. There'll be nae mair
burglars the nicht, wi' the fricht we've gied 'em.' So we lockit up a' the
doors an' windies an' gaed to oor beds, but I couldna sleep a wink."
"Very natural," said Wimsey.
"It wasna till the next mornin'," said Maggie, "that Mr. Macpherson
opened yon telegram. Eh! but he was in a taking. An' then the
telegrams startit. Back an' forrit, back an' forrit atween the hoose an'
the post-office. An' then they fund the bits o' the bottle that the
specimen was in, stuck between twa stanes i' the river. And aff goes
Mr. Macpherson an' Jock wi' their waders on an' a couple o' gaffs,
huntin' in a' the pools an' under the stanes to find the specimen. An'
they're still at it."
At this point three heavy thumps sounded on the ceiling.
"Gude save us!" ejaculated Maggie, "I was forgettin' the puir
gentleman."
"What gentleman?" enquired Wimsey.
"Him that was feshed oot o' the Fleet," replied Maggie. "Excuse me
juist a moment, sir."
She fled swiftly upstairs. Wimsey poured himself out a third cup of
coffee and lit a pipe.
Presently a thought occurred to him. He finished the coffee—not
being a man to deprive himself of his pleasures—and walked quietly
upstairs in Maggie's wake. Facing him stood a bedroom door, half
open—the room which he had occupied during his stay at the
cottage. He pushed it open. In the bed lay a red-headed gentleman,
whose long, foxy countenance was in no way beautified by a white
bandage, tilted rakishly across the left temple. A breakfast-tray stood
on a table by the bed. Wimsey stepped forward with extended hand.
"Good morning, Mr. Ferguson," said he. "This is an unexpected
pleasure."
"Good morning," said Mr. Ferguson snappishly.
"I had no idea, when we last met," pursued Wimsey, advancing to
the bed and sitting down upon it, "that you were thinking of visiting
my friend Macpherson."
"Get off my leg," growled the invalid. "I've broken my kneecap."
"What a nuisance! Frightfully painful, isn't it? And they say it takes
years to get right—if it ever does get right. Is it what they call a Potts
fracture? I don't know who Potts was, but it sounds impressive. How
did you get it? Fishing?"
"Yes. A slip in that damned river."
"Beastly. Sort of thing that might happen to anybody. A keen fisher,
Mr. Ferguson?"
"So-so."
"So am I, when I get the opportunity. What kind of fly do you fancy
for this part of the country? I rather like a Greenaway's Gadget
myself. Ever tried it?"
"No," said Mr. Ferguson briefly.
"Some people find a Pink Sisket better, so they tell me. Do you use
one? Have you got your fly-book here?"
"Yes—no," said Mr. Ferguson. "I dropped it."
"Pity. But do give me your opinion of the Pink Sisket."
"Not so bad," said Mr. Ferguson. "I've sometimes caught trout with
it."
"You surprise me," said Wimsey, not unnaturally, since he had
invented the Pink Sisket on the spur of the moment, and had hardly
expected his improvisation to pass muster. "Well, I suppose this
unlucky accident has put a stop to your sport for the season.
Damned bad luck. Otherwise, you might have helped us to have a
go at the Patriarch."
"What's that? A trout?"
"Yes—a frightfully wily old fish. Lurks about in the Fleet. You never
know where to find him. Any moment he may turn up in some pool or
other. I'm going out with Mac to try for him to-day. He's a jewel of a
fellow. We've nicknamed him Great-Uncle Joseph. Hi! don't joggle
about like that—you'll hurt that knee of yours. Is there anything I can
get for you?"
He grinned amiably, and turned to answer a shout from the stairs.
"Hullo! Wimsey! is that you?"
"It is. How's sport?"
Macpherson came up the stairs four steps at a time, and met
Wimsey on the landing as he emerged from the bedroom.
"I say, d'you know who that is? It's Robert."
"I know. I saw him in town. Never mind him. Have you found Great-
Uncle?"
"No, we haven't. What's all this mystery about? And what's Robert
doing here? What did you mean by saying he was the burglar? And
why is Great-Uncle Joseph so important?"
"One thing at a time. Let's find the old boy first. What have you been
doing?"
"Well, when I got your extraordinary messages I thought, of course,
you were off your rocker." (Wimsey groaned with impatience.) "But
then I considered what a funny thing it was that somebody should
have thought Great-Uncle worth stealing, and thought there might be
some sense in what you said, after all." ("Dashed good of you," said
Wimsey.) "So I went out and poked about a bit, you know. Not that I
think there's the faintest chance of finding anything, with the river
coming down like this. Well, I hadn't got very far—by the way, I took
Jock with me. I'm sure he thinks I'm mad, too. Not that he says
anything; these people here never commit themselves——"
"Confound Jock! Get on with it."
"Oh—well, before we'd got very far, we saw a fellow wading about in
the river with a rod and a creel. I didn't pay much attention, because,
you see, I was wondering what you——Yes. Well! Jock noticed him
and said to me, 'Yon's a queer kind of fisherman, I'm thinkin'.' So I
had a look, and there he was, staggering about among the stones
with his fly floating away down the stream in front of him; and he was
peering into all the pools he came to, and poking about with a gaff.
So I hailed him, and he turned round, and then he put the gaff away
in a bit of a hurry and started to reel in his line. He made an awful
mess of it," added Macpherson appreciatively.
"I can believe it," said Wimsey. "A man who admits to catching trout
with a Pink Sisket would make a mess of anything."
"A pink what?"
"Never mind. I only meant that Robert was no fisher. Get on."
"Well, he got the line hooked round something, and he was pulling
and hauling, you know, and splashing about, and then it came out all
of a sudden, and he waved it all over the place and got my hat. That
made me pretty wild, and I made after him, and he looked round
again, and I yelled out, 'Good God, it's Robert!' And he dropped his
rod and took to his heels. And of course he slipped on the stones
and came down an awful crack. We rushed forward and scooped
him up and brought him home. He's got a nasty bang on the head
and a fractured patella. Very interesting. I should have liked to have
a shot at setting it myself, but it wouldn't do, you know, so I sent for
Strachan. He's a good man."
"You've had extraordinary luck about this business so far," said
Wimsey. "Now the only thing left is to find Great-Uncle. How far
down have you got?"
"Not very far. You see, what with getting Robert home and setting his
knee and so on, we couldn't do much yesterday."
"Damn Robert! Great-Uncle may be away out to sea by this time.
Let's get down to it."
He took up a gaff from the umbrella-stand ("Robert's," interjected
Macpherson), and led the way out. The little river was foaming down
in a brown spate, rattling stones and small boulders along in its
passage. Every hole, every eddy might be a lurking-place for Great-
Uncle Joseph. Wimsey peered irresolutely here and there—then
turned suddenly to Jock.
"Where's the nearest spit of land where things usually get washed
up?" he demanded.
"Eh, well! there's the Battery Pool, about a mile doon the river. Ye'll
whiles find things washed up there. Aye. Imph'm. There's a pool and
a bit sand, where the river mak's a bend. Ye'll mebbe find it there, I'm
thinkin'. Mebbe no. I couldna say."
"Let's have a look, anyway."
Macpherson, to whom the prospect of searching the stream in detail
appeared rather a dreary one, brightened a little at this.
"That's a good idea. If we take the car down to just above
Gatehouse, we've only got two fields to cross."
The car was still at the door; the hired driver was enjoying the
hospitality of the cottage. They pried him loose from Maggie's
scones and slipped down the road to Gatehouse.
"Those gulls seem rather active about something," said Wimsey, as
they crossed the second field. The white wings swooped backwards
and forwards in narrowing circles over the yellow shoal. Raucous
cries rose on the wind. Wimsey pointed silently with his hand. A long,
unseemly object, like a drab purse, lay on the shore. The gulls,
indignant, rose higher, squawking at the intruders. Wimsey ran
forward, stooped, rose again with the long bag dangling from his
fingers.
"Great-Uncle Joseph, I presume," he said, and raised his hat with
old-fashioned courtesy.
"The gulls have had a wee peck at it here and there," said Jock. "It'll
be tough for them. Aye. They havena done so vera much with it."
"Aren't you going to open it?" said Macpherson impatiently.
"Not here," said Wimsey. "We might lose something." He dropped it
into Jock's creel. "We'll take it home first and show it to Robert."
Robert greeted them with ill-disguised irritation.
"We've been fishing," said Wimsey cheerfully. "Look at our bonny
wee fush." He weighed the catch in his hand. "What's inside this wee
fush, Mr. Ferguson?"
"I haven't the faintest idea," said Robert.
"Then why did you go fishing for it?" asked Wimsey pleasantly.
"Have you got a surgical knife there, Mac?"
"Yes—here. Hurry up."
"I'll leave it to you. Be careful. I should begin with the stomach."
Macpherson laid Great-Uncle Joseph on the table, and slit him open
with a practised hand.
"Gude be gracious to us!" cried Maggie, peering over his shoulder.
"What'll that be?"
Wimsey inserted a delicate finger and thumb into the cavities of
Uncle Joseph. "One—two—three——" The stones glittered like fire
as he laid them on the table. "Seven—eight—nine. That seems to be
all. Try a little farther down, Mac."
Speechless with astonishment, Mr. Macpherson dissected his
legacy.
"Ten—eleven," said Wimsey. "I'm afraid the sea-gulls have got
number twelve. I'm sorry, Mac."
"But how did they get there?" demanded Robert foolishly.
"Simple as shelling peas. Great-Uncle Joseph makes his will,
swallows his diamonds——"
"He must ha' been a grand man for a pill," said Maggie, with respect.
"—and jumps out of the window. It was as clear as crystal to
anybody who read the will. He told you, Mac, that the stomach was
given you to study."
Robert Ferguson gave a deep groan.
"I knew there was something in it," he said. "That's why I went to
look up the will. And when I saw you there, I knew I was right. (Curse
this leg of mine!) But I never imagined for a moment——"
His eyes appraised the diamonds greedily.
"And what will the value of these same stones be?" enquired Jock.
"About seven thousand pounds apiece, taken separately. More than
that, taken together."
"The old man was mad," said Robert angrily. "I shall dispute the will."
"I think not," said Wimsey. "There's such an offence as entering and
stealing, you know."
"My God!" said Macpherson, handling the diamonds like a man in a
dream. "My God!"
"Seven thousan' pund," said Jock. "Did I unnerstan' ye richtly to say
that one o' they gulls is gaun aboot noo wi' seven thousan' punds'
worth o' diamonds in his wame? Ech! it's just awfu' to think of. Guid
day to you, sirs. I'll be gaun round to Jimmy McTaggart to ask will he
lend me the loan o' a gun."
 THE UNSOLVED PUZZLE OF THE
MAN WITH NO FACE
"And what would you say, sir," said the stout man, "to this here
business of the bloke what's been found down on the beach at East
Felpham?"
The rush of travellers after the Bank Holiday had caused an overflow
of third-class passengers into the firsts, and the stout man was
anxious to seem at ease in his surroundings. The youngish
gentleman whom he addressed had obviously paid full fare for a
seclusion which he was fated to forgo. He took the matter amiably
enough, however, and replied in a courteous tone:
"I'm afraid I haven't read more than the headlines. Murdered, I
suppose, wasn't he?"
"It's murder, right enough," said the stout man, with relish. "Cut about
he was, something shocking."
"More like as if a wild beast had done it," chimed in the thin, elderly
man opposite. "No face at all he hadn't got, by what my paper says.
It'll be one of these maniacs, I shouldn't be surprised, what goes
about killing children."
"I wish you wouldn't talk about such things," said his wife, with a
shudder. "I lays awake at nights thinking what might 'appen to
Lizzie's girls, till my head feels regular in a fever, and I has such a
sinking in my inside I has to get up and eat biscuits. They didn't
ought to put such dreadful things in the papers."
"It's better they should, ma'am," said the stout man, "then we're
warned, so to speak, and can take our measures accordingly. Now,
from what I can make out, this unfortunate gentleman had gone
bathing all by himself in a lonely spot. Now, quite apart from cramps,
as is a thing that might 'appen to the best of us, that's a very foolish
thing to do."
"Just what I'm always telling my husband," said the young wife. The
young husband frowned and fidgeted. "Well, dear, it really isn't safe,
and you with your heart not strong——" Her hand sought his under
the newspaper. He drew away, self-consciously, saying, "That'll do,
Kitty."
"The way I look at it is this," pursued the stout man. "Here we've
been and had a war, what has left 'undreds o' men in what you might
call a state of unstable ekilibrium. They've seen all their friends
blown up or shot to pieces. They've been through five years of
'orrors and bloodshed, and it's given 'em what you might call a twist
in the mind towards 'orrors. They may seem to forget it and go along
as peaceable as anybody to all outward appearance, but it's all
artificial, if you get my meaning. Then, one day something 'appens to
upset them—they 'as words with the wife, or the weather's extra hot,
as it is to-day—and something goes pop inside their brains and
makes raving monsters of them. It's all in the books. I do a good bit
of reading myself of an evening, being a bachelor without
encumbrances."
"That's all very true," said a prim little man, looking up from his
magazine, "very true indeed—too true. But do you think it applies in
the present case? I've studied the literature of crime a good deal—I
may say I make it my hobby—and it's my opinion there's more in this
than meets the eye. If you will compare this murder with some of the
most mysterious crimes of late years—crimes which, mind you, have
never been solved, and, in my opinion, never will be—what do you
find?" He paused and looked round. "You will find many features in
common with this case. But especially you will find that the face—
and the face only, mark you—has been disfigured, as though to
prevent recognition. As though to blot out the victim's personality
from the world. And you will find that, in spite of the most thorough
investigation, the criminal is never discovered. Now what does all
that point to? To organisation. Organisation. To an immensely
powerful influence at work behind the scenes. In this very magazine
that I'm reading now"—he tapped the page impressively—"there's an