Marwa Elali Student ID 101596966EDU10002 Assignment 2: Essay

Oral Development supports Theoretical Perspectives

Phonological, syntactic, pragmatic, syntactic, and semantic aspects of children's spoken

language development are included. To connect and discover through discussion and verbal
interaction, oral language needs to have all these elements. Certain theorists contend that a
child's spoken language development is influenced by nature, or a genetic inheritance that is
present others claim that environmental factors have an impact on nurture after birth. The
purpose of this essay is to investigate how children acquire their oral language by looking at
two ideas and the components of language. The idea is that nativist theory, which affirms the
notion that children have a natural capacity for language acquisition from birth nature. The
other is the behaviourist perspective, which maintains that young children pick up new skills
and behaviours language included, through emulation and reinforcement (nurture). The
fundamental ideas from each of these theories will be illustrated with examples of language
learning to demonstrate how they promote the progression of language development from
nonverbal communication all the way up to spoken language acquisition.

Learning the elements of oral language gradually is a necessary part of language

development. Children need to master four aspects of spoken language in request to develop
into effective communicators. The beginning part of the pragmatic analysis focuses on the
social language abilities that people employ in everyday interactions with others. (Hill, 2012)
substantiality and preliminary in what manner it is stated, and body language are all included
in this. The phonological aspect of speech development, which also encompasses cadence,
pitch, and technique of speaking, describes the sounds of language. Furthermore, this
Understanding different word categories and words with numerous meanings is the exclusive
emphasis of the semantic component (SLT for Kids, 2021). A child who has a solid
comprehension of these standards will be able to select the appropriate words and arrange
them in coherent sentences. Syntactics is the part of language that deals with sentence form
guidelines.

One of the most important responsibilities of educators is to assist in the growth of these
qualities in children. children should be encouraged actively express their experiences as well
as capabilities in play, be moderate and meaningful, sociable, and give in and take
conversations, for example, all in accordance with EYLF, the Early Years Learning
Framework, for example (Department of Education and Training [DET], 2019, p. 43).
According to the EYLF, teachers can help with this by often speaking with students about their
thoughts and experiences and extending their language (DET, 2019, p. 43). Teachers can
help with this, according to the EYLF, by continuously speaking with students about their
Marwa Elali Student ID 101596966EDU10002 Assignment 2: Essay

thoughts gaining new knowledge, experiences, and language (DET, 2019, p. 43). For
instance, teachers can suggest that students take turns speaking and posing questions to one
another during a class discussion about a trip to the zoo. Additionally, they could promote the
growth of semantic abilities by providing fresh vocabulary to the group, like "herd" and "cubs,"
to help students learn new words.

The importance of fostering children's pragmatic and semantic abilities in particular is

demonstrated by this example, but a well-rounded programme will offer opportunity for every
language component to be maintained and strengthened while the children are in service.

Various theories exist as to how toddlers pick up all of these spoken language abilities. The
behaviourist theory, a well-known theory, claims children pick up language through
reinforcement and repetition. Repeated hearing of a word being used over and over again in
order to memorise it. When a parent uses language like "see, it's a butterfly” or "hug the
butterfly" or "Ahh! butterfly" while pointing to the butterflies for example, a baby will pick up
words like "butterfly" while they are out and about. And it was revealed to be classical
conditioning, which is learning brought about by repeatedly associating two occurrences, in
this example, seeing a butterfly and hearing the word "butterfly" (Fellowes & Oakley, 2014).
When a kid receives praise or gets what they want as a result of using language, they're desire,
this is referred to as reinforcement (Fellowes & Oakley, 2014, p. 49). Operant conditioning is
what this entails. In particular, Between the ages of four and Infants start babbling and
producing repetitive noises at eight months old (Community Child Care Co-operative Ltd,
2015). The behaviourist theory states that if a newborn babbles, such say, "ddd.... dada dada
" and a mother responds, "Yay! dada! dada Wow, well done!” The child is inspired by their
chortles and compliments and finally picks up the phonological skill of uttering the word "dad"
as well as the semantic skill of knowing what "dad" actually means through a lot of practise
and repetition. These instances provide credence to the viewpoint that toddlers pick up
language skills through the nurturing and instruction of those across placing behaviourist
theory pertaining to the side of nurture in the nature vs. nurture argument.

The nativist theory is on the opposing side of this argument about how children know.
According to the nativist position, children already possess all the skills needed to acquire a
language, and that these skills alone become more developed as soon as a child is exposed
to language (Fellowes & Oakley, 2014, p.49). The particular, natural ability of the human brain
to learn languages is referred to as a "language acquisition apparatus" (Kearns, 2007, p. 290).
The theory claims that children acquire language as such appropriately and therefore
premature parents truly " Endeavor to educate" their children, this learning cannot be clarified
in life. Instead, it suggests that language development occurs naturally and fast during a
Marwa Elali Student ID 101596966EDU10002 Assignment 2: Essay

"critical period" of childhood and that humans have an inherent "rewiring" for language
(Fellowes & Oakley, 2014, p.49). For instance, at age two, children experience a "linguistic
outburst," learning the meaning semantics of multiple different phrases weekly basis position.
Another example is the nativist theory's assertion that kids who make mistakes like "he
felleded down" are actually using a better level of grammar knowledge. The nativist argument
claims that by adding a "ed," children have naturally generalised the underlying rule of
grammar, as opposed to simply picking it up through direct imitation and repetition, as these
grammatical errors demonstrate because adults won't say "fallededd" as they don't use this
word (Rowland, 2014). Several instances provide credence to the idea that children pick up
languages because doing so is part of their innate design, placing theorising from a nativist
perspective on the nature side of the nature vs. nurture debate.

Using significant theoretical concepts from the nature and nurture perspectives, this essay has
examined and discussed the components of spoken language development. The nativist
viewpoint claims that learning a language is a natural process aptitude that is entrenched from
birth, enabling youngsters to pick up a language quickly. The Behaviourist theory emphasises
how learning to speak is a well-known example of trained behaviour that results from nurture
rather than nature. Even though Although these opinions differ, it's crucial to note that they
are in agreement, providing educators with a strong framework for understanding how children
could successfully develop language abilities.
Marwa Elali Student ID 101596966EDU10002 Assignment 2: Essay

References.
Community Child Care Co-operative Ltd. (2015). Early years learning framework practice
based
resources – Developmental
milestones. https://www.dss.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/05_2015/developmental-
milestones.pdf

Community Child Care Co-operative Ltd. (2015). Early years learning framework practice
based resources - Developmental milestones. Retrieved from
https://www.dss.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/05_2015/developmental-milestones.pd

Department of Education and Training [DET]. (2019). Belonging, being and becoming: The
early years
learning framework for Australia. https://www.dese.gov.au/national-quality-framework-early-
childhood-education-and-care/resources/belonging-being-becoming-early-years-learning-
framework-australia

Fellowes, J., & Oakley, G. (2019) Language, literacy and early childhood (3rd ed). Oxford
University Press

Hill, S. (2012). Developing early literacy: Assessment and teaching (2nd ed.). Eleanor Curtain
Publishing.

Khan Academy. (2016). Theories of the early stages of language acquisition. Khan Academy.
https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/processing-the-
environment/language/a/theories-of-the-early-stages-of-language-acquisitionLinks to an
external site

Nativist Theory. (2019). Vobs.at.

https://www2.vobs.at/ludescher/Ludescher/LAcquisition/Nativist/nativist%20theory.htm

Rowland, S., (2014). Understanding child language acquisition.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0265659014542897

SLT for Kids. (2021). Semantic skills.

Marwa Elali Student ID 101596966EDU10002 Assignment 2: Essay

https://www.sltforkids.co.uk/speech-clinic/speech-language-and-communication-problems-
we-help/receptive-language-difficulties/semantic-skills/