METRO RAIL TUNNELING SYSTEM

(CIVL 3068)

Introduction to metro rail projects

Dr. Ankit Kumar Yadav

Assistant Professor
Sustainability Cluster
WHAT WILL YOU STUDY IN THIS COURSE?

Course objectives

CO 1 Understand the requirement of metro rails for a city

Analyze and evaluate the planning, routing, and

CO 2
financing aspects involved in a Metro Project
Assess the various inter-disciplinary involvements
CO 3
required for metro rail tunneling and construction
Analyze and remember the available construction
CO 4
technologies used in Metro Projects
2
 COURSE MODULES
No. of lectures
S. No. Description

1. Introduction to metro rail projects 4

Planning, routing, and financial aspects of
2. 6
metro rail projects
3. Tunneling and excavation 15
Construction technologies implemented in
4. 10
Metro rail projects
Operations and control mechanisms in metro
7
5. rail projects
 EVALUATION CRITERIA

Assessment category Weightage

Assignments 10%
Class Tests 10%
Case study presentation 10%
Mid-semester Examination 20%
End-semester Examination 50% 4
 TEXTBOOKS AND REFERENCES

Textbooks Reference books

• Harbour dock and tunnel • Transportation Engineering

engineering – R Srinivasan – II by C Venkataramaiah
• Elements of bridge tunnel and • Railway Engineering –
railway engineering – SP Saxena
Bindra
• Metro manuals – Indian
• Railway Engineering - Satish
railways
Chandra
• Dynamics of rail transit
tunnel systems - Elsevier 5
 METRO RIDERSHIP – GLOBAL OUTLOOK

MENA: Middle
East and North
Africa

https://cms.uitp.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Statistics-Brief-Metro-Figures-2021-web.pdf
 METRO SYSTEM
OPENINGS PER
DECADE, 1860-2020

https://cms.uitp.org/wp/wp-
content/uploads/2022/05/Statistics-Brief-Metro-
Figures-2021-web.pdf
 GLOBAL METRO RAIL NETWORK

Top 5 countries with largest metro rail network:

• China
• USA
• South Korea
• India
• Japan Shanghai Metro

The Shanghai Metro is the world's longest metro network and has the
highest annual ridership.
The New York City Subway has the greatest number of stations.
 METRO RAIL SYSTEMS

• The International Association of Public Transport defines metro

systems as urban passenger transport systems, "operated on their
own right of way and segregated from general road and
pedestrian traffic"

• The London Underground first opened as an underground railway in

1863 and its first electrified underground line opened in 1890,
making it the world's oldest metro system

How the world's first metro system was built? (4:57 mins)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdZd5zYTKAw
London Underground, 1890
 URBAN RAIL TRANSIT TYPES
Type Capacity Speed Example
Metro/rapid transit High Moderate Delhi metro
Suburban Railway High Moderate Mumbai Suburban Railway
Medium-capacity Medium Moderate Rapid Metro Gurgaon
rail
Metro Lite/ Medium Moderate Srinagar Metro (planned
light rail operation in 2027)
Monorail Medium Moderate Mumbai Monorail
Regional rapid High High Delhi–Meerut RRTS
transit system (planned 2023-25)
Tram Low Slow Kolkata Tram
Metro/rapid transit: Delhi metro
Suburban
Railway:
Mumbai local
Medium-capacity rail: Metro lite: Proposed Srinagar
Rapid metro Gurgaon Metro (by 2027)
Mumbai monorail Kolkata tram
Urban rail
transit in India
at present
 INTRODUCTION TO METRO RAIL PROJECTS

• Metro rail – also known as “Mass Rapid Transit (MRT)” or “heavy rail”
• India's metro network is the fourth longest in the world, behind China,
USA and South Korea
• At present, India has 860 kilometres of operational metro lines
• Delhi Metro has the largest metro rail network in India
• The first rapid transit system in India was the Kolkata Metro, which
started operations in 1984
• E. Sreedharan, often referred to as the “Metro Man,” played a crucial
role in the planning, execution, and development of the Delhi Metro
Evolution of Urban Transport in India
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IwOoLz_SKfA&t=149s
 LIST OF METRO RAIL PROJECTS IN INDIA

S. No. Metro rail project Operating body

1. Kolkata Metro Kolkata Metro Rail Corporation (KMRC)

2. Delhi Metro Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC)

3. Mumbai Metro Mumbai Metro Rail Corporation Limited

(MMRCL)
4. Chennai Metro Chennai Metro Rail Limited (CMRL)

5. Bengaluru Metro Namma Metro

6. Hyderabad Metro Hyderabad Metro Rail

7. Kochi Kochi Metro Rail Limited (KMRL)

 LIST OF METRO RAIL PROJECTS IN INDIA
S. No. Metro rail project Operating body
8. Lucknow Metro Lucknow Metro Rail Corporation (LMRC)
9. Noida Metro Noida Metro Rail Corporation (NMRC)
10. Rapid Metro Gurgaon Delhi Metro Rail Corporation

11. Nagpur Metro Nagpur Metro Rail

12. Ahmedabad Metro Gujarat Metro Rail Corporation Limited

13. Kanpur Metro Lucknow Metro Rail Corporation (LMRC)

14. Pune Metro Pune Metropolitan Region Development Authority

(PMRDA)
15. Jaipur Metro Jaipur Metro Rail Corporation Ltd (JMRC)
METRO RAIL PLANNING IN DEHRADUN
 PROPOSED DEHRADUN METRO

• The 22.42-km-long Metro project in Dehradun will be a Metro Neo

service

• Metro projects are capital intensive in nature. Due to high capital

expenditure nature of the metro rail, MetroLite and MetroNeo have
come up as alternatives to conventional metro rail.
 PROPOSED DEHRADUN METRO

• MetroNeo is rubber-tyred electric coach powered by overhead

traction system running on a road slab with an exclusive right of
way, standard specification of which were issued in November
2020.
• It provides a similar experience and ease of travel in terms of
comfort, convenience, safety, punctuality, reliability and
environment-friendliness as that of a conventional metro system.
This is suitable for tier-two cities and can be developed at a cost
of about 25 per cent of conventional metro system.
• Low capital cost of MetroNeo is attributed to much lighter civil
structure due to lesser axle load (10 ton), absence of track and
signalling, open and simple station structure, and requirement of
low power rated electrical equipments among other factors.

• The 32 km long Nashik Metro Neo Project in Maharashtra is the

country’s first Metro Neo project. The project having two
corridors got Cabinet approval in March, 2021 and is expected
to be completed in four years.
 PROPOSED DEHRADUN METRO

• The 22.42-km-long Metro project in Dehradun will be a Metro Neo

service.
• There will be two corridors: North-South corridor from Inter-State
Bus Terminal (ISBT) to Gandhi Park and East-West corridor from
Forest Research Institute (FRI) to Raipur.
• The 8.52 km ISBT-Gandhi Park corridor will have a total of 10
stations, all elevated and will pass through important areas such as
Sewla Kalan, ITI, Chamanpuri, Patthri Bagh, Railway Station, Court
and Ghantaghar.
 PROPOSED DEHRADUN METRO

• The 13.90-km FRI-Raipur corridor will have 15 stations and will

pass through areas like Ballupur Chowk, IMA Blood Bank, Doon
School, Malhotra Bazar, and Ghantaghar.
• In the next phase, the metro will be extended to connect with the
holy city of Haridwar-Rishikesh.
https://ukmrc.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Updated-Dehradun-Metro-Neo-DPR-
28.07.2021.pdf
 INDIAN METRO RAIL POLICY, 2017

Why are metro rails required?

• Cities are witnessing fast growth in the number of personal motor vehicles,
with severe congestion and pollution being the most visible manifestation of
the growth in the number of motor vehicles
• Efforts at remedying the situation will need to focus on improving the public
transport system. In several cities this would require implementation of Mass
Transit systems
• Metro rail projects provide high-capacity public transit and are capital
intensive
• Such systems are decided upon and implemented in the most sustainable
manner from the social, economic and environmental perspectives
What is circular economy?
• It is a model of production and consumption, which involves sharing, leasing,
reusing, repairing, refurbishing and recycling existing materials and products as
long as possible. Hence, the life cycle of products is extended and waste is reduced.
 PREVALENT BROAD MODELS OF FINANCING
METRO RAIL IN INDIA

50:50 Joint Venture model – Central and State Govt

• Major model used for the financing and organization structure
• Followed by Delhi Metro Rail Corporation and later in Mumbai Line-3, Chennai,
Bangalore, Nagpur, Lucknow, Kochi and Ahmedabad

Full funding by the central government

• Examples of this model are the first metro in the city of Kolkata by Indian
Railways, followed by East-West corridor in Kolkata
 PREVALENT BROAD MODELS OF FINANCING
METRO RAIL IN INDIA

Full funding by state government

• Examples are Metro rail in Jaipur and Monorail in Mumbai

Public Private Partnership (PPP) model

• Mumbai Metro Line-1 and Hyderabad metro rail have been taken up
with Viability Gap Funding (VGF) from Government of India
• The Rapid Metro in Gurugram is an initiative of Government of
Haryana where full funding is by the private concessionaire
 SUGGESTED READINGS

• Metro Rail Policy 2017, Government of India

https://mohua.gov.in/upload/whatsnew/59a3f7f130eecMetro_Rail_Policy_20
17.pdf
• Viability Gap Funding Scheme
https://dea.gov.in/sites/default/files/Scan%20of%20Revamped%20VGF%20
Guidelines%20alongwith%20all%20Annexures-compressed.pdf
• Enhancing Urban Mobility: India's Metro Rail Transformation
https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1926371
 INFORMATIVE VIDEOS

• Tokyo Has Built The World's Best Subway (7:27 mins)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FFpG3yf3Rxk
• 20 yrs of Delhi Metro: How it transformed the city's landscape (7:20 mins)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WgoccbK1QXg
• The MOST Influential Metro System in the World? | Singapore MRT (18:22 mins)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_WZFnVNvQ4U