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Other documents randomly have
different content
Dunkirk, 32
Duquesne, Fr., 130–31
Echo, 41
L’Éclair, Fr. corvette, capture of, 126
Edgar, Gardner’s service in, 64–96;
court martial on board of, 73–4;
officers of, 90–6; 29, 39, 45, 52, 97, 108, 112, 118, 124, 157, 229,
233
Elephant, 227–8, 232
Endymion, 72–3
Etna, 12
Europa, 205, 222
Euryalus, 202
Fame, 11
Favorite, Fr. privateer, captured, 188;
in Portland Race, 189;
luxuries on board of, 200
Formidable, 182, 228
Fortitude, 104, 143
Foudroyant, 7, 29, 62, 117, 136
Française, Fr., 230
Ganges, 227, 229
Glebb, Russian, 184
Glorieux, French prize, lost, 26
Goliath, 25, 30, 226, 228, 234, 239
Gorgon, Gardner’s service in, 155–71;
goes ‘bump on shore,’ 156;
‘a noble sea boat,’ 157;
nearly runs on Bolt Head, 158;
runs amok at Spithead, ib.;
officers of, 170–1
Grafton, 11
Grampus, 51
Growler, brig, capture of, 95
Guadeloupe, 11
Hebe, 57, 65
Hector, French prize, lost, 26
Hector, guard-ship, 76
Hercules, Dutch prize, renamed Orestes, 56
Hercules, 80
Hermione, French prize, victualler, 22
Hermione recaptured, 176
Hind, 44, 176;
Gardner’s service in, 178–202;
captures smuggler, 181;
presses her crew, 181;
succession of gales, 182–185;
chased by Richery’s squadron, 185–7;
captures French privateer, 188;
officers put on shore in the mutiny, 192–3;
officers of, 201–2
Hindostan, store-ship, 229
Hope, transport, 37
Hope, 74
Illustrious, 131, 146
Impregnable, 14
Invincible, the old, lost on the Dean, 6;
the new, 11
Jamaica, 18
Janus, 233
Juno, frigate, 143
Languedoc, Fr., 74
Lark, 230
Lawrence, brig, 41
Leopard, 180
Leviathan, 78, 228
Lion, 62, 233
London, 12, 81;
mutiny at Spithead, 192
Lowestoft, 131
Lutine, 202;
loss of, 208
Macedonian, capture of, 95
Magnificent, 64
Majestic, 229
Marlborough, 8, 117
Mars, Dutch prize, renamed Pylades, 56
Mars, 5, 8
Medusa, 182, 192
Medway, 33
Melampus, 227, 229
Merlin, 41
Minerve, 66
Minotaur, 123, 125
Modeste, 155–6
Monmouth, 10, 136, 197, 243
Monsieur, 22–3
Montagu, 184
Naiad, 229
Namur, 197
Nassau, loss of, 213
Nemesis, 131
Néréide, 229
Orestes, a prize from the Dutch, 56;
Gardner’s service in, 56–63;
fire on board, 57;
loss of, 62;
officers of, 62–3
Orion, 229, 233
Overyssel, 203 n.
Pallas, formerly Minerva, 213
Panther, Gardner’s service in, 19–40;
messing on board, 20–21;
makes three prizes, 22;
in a gale, 25–6;
at Gibraltar, 27;
off C. Spartel, 29–32;
regrets at paying off, 33;
mutinous spirit of men, 37;
officers of, 38–40, 179
Pearl, 155–6
Pégase, 80, 88
Pelican, 230
Penelope, 62
Phæton, courts martial on captain and officers of, 73–4 n.
Pigmy, cutter, prize, 22
Powerful, 229, 232–3
Preston, 104, 147
Prince George, 10, 91, 188
Princess Amelia, song by a seaman of, 103–4
Princess Charlotte, accident at the launch of, 238–9
Princess Royal, 11–13, 80, 129, 213, 228, 247
Proselyte, court martial on master of, 41
Proserpine, capture of, 116
Pylades, 56
Quebec, 244
Queen, Gardner’s service in, 121–5;
officers of, 123–5, 82, 87
Queen Charlotte, 98
Raisonnable, 21, 29
Ramillies, 12, 13
Rattler, sloop, 94
Raven, 230
Recovery, 22
Renown, 74
Resolution, 229
Ripon, 22
Robust, 229
Romney, 102
Rose, transport, 37
Rover, sloop, lost, 8
Royal George, loss of, 23–4; 8, 52, 99
Royal Louis, Fr., 30
Royal Oak, 11
Royal Sovereign, 13
Royal William, 24, 29, 158
Ruby, 29, 151
Russell, 11
Sabina, Spanish frigate, 66
St. Fiorenzo, 155–6
St. George, loss of, 113, 129, 145
St. Michael, prize, 27
Salisbury, Gardner’s service in, 41–52;
Hell afloat, 41, 75;
dogs on board, 42;
fog off Newfoundland, 42;
 in a gale, 43;
logged 296 k. in 24 hours, 43;
much bullying on board, 43–6;
feud with Grampus, 50, 51;
officers of, 52–5; 68, 114–116, 120, 175–7
Sandwich, 23
Sans Culotte, Fr., renamed l’Orient, 145
Sans Pareil, 114, 227–8
Santa Leocadia, 41
Saturn, 81
Scipio, 65
Solebay, 97
Solitaire, Fr., capture of, 151
Speedwell, smuggling lugger, capture of, 181
Speedy, brig, 131
Spencer, 228
Standard, 203
Stately, 99
Suffolk, 22
Sultan, 11
Superb, 38
Surveillante, Fr., 244
Temeraire, 228
Terpsichore, 116
Terrible, 145
Theseus, 229
Thisbe, 41, 229
Thorn, 41
Thunderer, lost, 50
Tonnant, Fr., 147 n.
Topaze, heavy death-roll, 230; 155–6
Tremendous, 198
Trent, 196, 229
Trimmer, 65
Tromp, 206 n.
Trusty, 242
Union, 29
Unité, 131
Valiant, 98, 148
 Vanguard, 229
Vengeance, 25, 28–9, 227, 229–30, 233
Victory, lost on the Casquets, 100 n.;
carries Howe’s flag, 25, 29;
Gardner’s service in, 172–6;
officers of, 176–7; 54, 66, 99, 126, 148, 152, 158
Vigilant, 22
Ville de Paris, lost, 26
Warrior, 229
Weasel, 191
Weymouth, store-ship, 206
William Tell, 62
Woolwich, store-ship, 171
Zealous, 229, 233
Shirley, lieutenant, 133–4, 136, 152
Shirt in the rigging, 163 and n.
Shovell, Sir Clowdisley, his last moorings, 158
Shuldham, Lord, vice-admiral, 32
Silence in working ship, 108 & n.
Silva, Emanuel, midshipman, 94, 118
Simmers, Mr., his dog, 5–6
Simmonds, Mr., formerly of the Panther, 179
Simmonds, Richard, lieutenant, ‘Gentleman Jack,’ 114
Simmonds, Samuel, midshipman, sees ghost, 36; 39
Simmonds, Richard, midshipman, 117, 177
Simonton, Robert, captain, 21, 28, 38
Skene, midshipman, 18
Skerret, Robert, midshipman, 40, 54
Skinner, Stephen, midshipman, 116
Skynner, Launcelot, captain, his ship lost, 208
Slade, James, midshipman, 93
Slops, list of, 46;
‘served out at the gangway,’ 111 n.
Smith, Charles, gunner, 53
Smith, Sir Sidney, burns ships at Toulon, 145 n.
Smith, Walter, lieutenant of marines, 13
Smock frock, mention of, 46 & n.
Smollett, his monument, 143 n.
Snow-eaters, 51
Soap-suds, a pedantic lieutenant so called, 109
Songs and Verses:—
Prologue, 1
To my veteran friends, 3
‘Don’t you see the ships a-coming?’ 16
Commodore Gale, 69
On asking for leave, 72
‘There’s nothing like grog,’ 77
‘When first they impressed me,’ 84
On washing the decks, 88
The battle on the Dogger Bank, 103–4
‘Billy the cook got drunk,’ 104
On General Dundas, 148
Bryan O’Lynn, 168–9
On two lubberly pilots, 211
On Fegan’s impressment, 214–15
A Baltimore wedding, 215–216
Eileen Aroon, 222
‘Jolly tars, have you heard the news?’ 235
‘On Newgate Steps,’ 242
On Venables and Penn, 245
Spence, David, midshipman, 95
Spencer, Earl of, first lord of the admiralty, 44, 174–6
Spicer, Robert, midshipman, 119
Stack, Thomas, his yarns, 50; 55
Stamp, mayor of Queensborough and pilot, 180
Stephens, George Hopewell, captain, 226–7, 229, 231, 233–4, 236,
243, 246–7
Sterne, his Sentimental Journey, 143 n.
Stevens, midshipman, 61, 63;
complimented by Sir Roger Curtis, 61;
made a gunner, 63
Stevens, John, mate, 91
Stevenson, captain, keeps the Blue Peter flying, 222–3
Steward sewed up in a bullock’s hide, 135
Stewart, Charles, lieutenant, 151
Stiles, John, lieutenant, 45, 52, 68–9, 91
Stocker, Charles Maurice, lieutenant, killed in action, 114
Storace, musical composer, song by, 72
Strahan, Sir Richard, captures Dumanoir’s squadron, 201
Street, James, purser, 62
Strico, Anthony, his sign, 128
Sturges, Robert, midshipman, killed in action, 30;
his ghost walks, 36; 39
Suckling, William, 132 n.
Sumner, Dr., headmaster of Harrow, his death, 259 n.
Surgeon of Orestes violently mad, 57–8
Susan, Black-eyed, 36
Swanson, Jacob, gunner, 9
Swiney, Noel, midshipman, 125

Talbot, John, signal midshipman, K.C.B., 115

Tatham, midshipman, 116
Tause, Hector, gunner, 152
Taylor, surgeon in the navy, hanged, 18
Taylor, Andrew Bracey, lieutenant, 114
Taylor, James, midshipman, 39
Taylor, James, midshipman, afterwards pilot at Deal, 39
Taylor, R. A., midshipman, 249
Temperature at Jamaica, 231 n.
Temple, Francis, midshipman, 117
Test Act, 178 n.
Thomas, James, mate, 224
Thompson, Alexander, assistant surgeon, 40
Thompson, Andrew James, midshipman, 92
Thompson, Charles, captain, ‘gruff as the devil,’ 67;
his order as to dress, 68; 3, 7, 8, 64, 90, 115
Thompson, Edward, captain, poet, 51
Thompson, Lenox, mate, 8
Thompson, Norborne, midshipman, 55;
lieutenant, 115
Thompson, William, clerk, 125
Thornbrough, Edward, captain, 65
Thurot, his squadron captured, 112
Tidy, Thomas H., midshipman, 117
Tillman, acting lieutenant, 38
Tinling, Charles, midshipman, 124
Toby, Jonas, clerk, author of the plan of Trafalgar, 202
Tomlinson, clerk, 151;
misadventure on a donkey, 162
Towry, George Henry, captain, 145, 148, 151, 205
Trapani, historical associations of, 137;
the biter bit, 138;
mummied friars, 138–9
Tremlett, George, master, 52
Tremlett, George Neate, midshipman, 55
Tremlett, Richard Stiles, midshipman, killed in a duel, 55
Tresahar, John, midshipman, 95
Tripp, George, captain, court martial on, 213 and n.
Trogoff, French admiral, 170 n.
Trogoff, Madame, French admiral’s widow, 170
Trotter, Thomas, surgeon, author and poet, 91
Troughton, Ellis, lieutenant, 13
Tucker, John, purser, 224
Tucker, Robert, mate, 152
Tunis, the squadron at, 131–2;
Bey of, sends presents, 134–5
Turnips, dish of, 43 n.
Twisden, John, midshipman, 95
Tyler, Charles, captain, 65, 229
Tyrwhitt, John, midshipman, Marshal at Gibraltar, 54

Urry, John, captain, his hospitality, 58

Vagg, Henry, surgeon’s mate, runs amok with the snuffers, 149; 154
Valobra, James, midshipman, encounter with Turks, 133;
at Leghorn, 139; 153
Vansittart, Henry, midshipman, 177
Venables, his capture of Jamaica, 245
Ventriloquist, tricks of a, 84–5
Verses—see Songs
Vincent, Richard Budd, midshipman, 54;
lieutenant, 175–6
Vosper, William, Gardner’s schoolfellow, midshipman, 17, 72, 94,
142, 152

Waddle, coxswain, a noted boxer, 7

Waddle, J. H., writer, 249
Wade, John, master, 38
Wade, William, midshipman, 249
Wadeson, Richard, vicar of Fairlight, 259;
his high character, 260
Waghorn, Martin, captain, court martial on, 24 and n.
Walker, captain, 229
Walker, James, captain, broke by court martial, 242;
reinstated, ib.
Wall, William, lieutenant, court martial on, 73–4
Waller, Smithson, purser, 248
Wallis, surgeon, runs amok, 57–8; 63
Wallis, captain, 148, 155–6, 158–160, 168–70
Walsingham, commodore, lost in the Thunderer, 50
Wangford, George, midshipman and mate, 8;
death of, 75, 92
Wardrope, David, surgeon, court martial on, 73–4
Watson, boatswain, rope’s ends the schoolmaster, 77;
boatswain with Paul Jones, 96;
broke by court martial, 96
Watson, John, mate, 91
Watson, Thomas, a rugged-muzzled midshipman, 19–20;
a glorious noisy fellow, 39
Webb, Henry, master, his strange fancies, 216–17;
his adventure at Lisbon, 217;
chased by fishermen, 217–18;
his quarrel with the second lieutenant, 218, 224
Webb, Noah, lieutenant, 107
Weevil victualling yard, 107 n.
Welland, Richard, lieutenant, 90
Weller, Hannah, supposed witch, 256–7
Whistler, Webster, rector of Hastings and New-Timber, 260;
a militant parson, 261–2
White, George, the purser, put on shore in the mutiny, 193; 201
White, Robert, surgeon, 13
Wilkie, John, master, court martial on, 73, 74
Wilkinson, John, lawyer, 18
Wilkinson, William, midshipman, 93
Willcocks, William, clerk, 55
William Henry, H.R.H. Prince (afterwards William IV.), captain 65;
visits the Barfleur, 98;
Duke of Clarence, 148
Williams, lieutenant, 13
Williams, William, lieutenant of marines, 8
Wills, Methuselah, master, anecdotes of, 237–8, 247–8
Wilson, Robert, midshipman, died of yellow fever, 249
Wilson, Thomas, surgeon’s mate, 9
Wiseman, William, gunner, 248
Wolfe, George, midshipman and mate, 176
Wolridge, captain, 174
Wolseley, William, captain, 131 n.
Woodley, captain, 131
Wooldridge, William, midshipman, 124
Worrall, John, lieutenant, 224
Worsley, captain, 206

Yates, Thomas L., purser, puts the island of Pantalaria into

quarantine, 137;
at the carnival, 140; 152
Yelland, William, carpenter, 236, 248
Yetts, John, lieutenant, his strange dress and manners, 70;
his character, 71;
song on, 72;
hates the Barfleur, 85–6; 90
Yetts, Robert, midshipman, 94;
invalided, 151
Yorke, Sir Joseph, strings in his shoes, 108; 189
Young, Mrs., an infernal vixen, 161
Young, Mr., keeps an hotel at Cadiz, 161
 1. It is not out of place to mention here what we were told many years ago by
an officer of the Conway, that the late Professor Montague Burrows, when a
lieutenant of the Winchester, was initiated in the mysteries of the Greek Grammar
by the late Sir Anthony Hoskins, then a cadet fresh from Westminster. Burrows
afterwards took a first class in classics at Oxford.
2. D.N.B.—In 1780, commander-in-chief in the Channel; baronet in 1782. Died
in 1796.
3. Charnock, v. 350. Died in 1779.
4. It was then, and for many years afterwards, quite usual for a youngster to be
at school while his name was on the ship’s books. When—as in this case—the boy
was his father’s servant, he might be on board while the ship was in a home port.
5. The heroine of a low-class chap-book, The Adventures of Moll Swanson of
Portsmouth, which may still occasionally be met with.
6. Born in 1720; died 1830. His portrait, painted shortly before his death, is in
the Painted Hall at Greenwich. See post, p. 213.
7. This was then usual. Probably the fate of the Ramillies had a good deal to do
with putting it out of fashion, as it certainly had with forcing seamen to consider
that there was a right and a wrong tack on which to lie to; and may thus be said to
have brought about the discovery of the Law of Storms.
8. There is no reason to doubt the fact; but, in the absence of Christian name
and date, the court martial cannot be traced; nor can any man of the name be
found, as surgeon, in the pay-books of the Jamaica.
9. Large holystones, fitted with beckets, were drawn about by two men. The
smaller ones, used in the hand, were ‘hand organs.’
10. Coarse red wine of any country, but very commonly Spanish or
Portuguese.
11. The brass knockers, when met with, were probably trophies of a night’s
foray. Such things have been known within the memory of not-very-old men.
12. Samuel Reeve died a vice-admiral, in 1802. Cf. N.R.S. xx. 111.
13. The names are filled in from Beatson.
14. Sc. the foot-rope.
15. Commander-in-Chief of the French fleet in the battle of the 12th April.
16. The very persistent way in which this story of the loss of the Royal George
was spread abroad from the first, the entire suppression of the evidence (on oath)
to the contrary, as given at the court martial, and the fact (here and elsewhere so
strongly commented on) that care was taken to prevent the success of the proposed
attempts to raise her, all point to one conclusion from which it is difficult to escape
—the conscious guilt of some high-placed and influential officials of the Navy
Board. Cf. Naval Miscellany (N.R.S. xx.) p. 216; and D.N.B. s.nn. Durham, Sir
Philip; Kempenfelt, Richard; Waghorn, Martin.
17. Sc. of France and Spain.
18. A ‘scuttle’ is defined by Falconer as ‘a small hatchway cut for some
particular purpose through a ship’s deck, or through the coverings of the
hatchways’; ‘scuttling’ is ‘the act of cutting large holes through the bottom or sides
of a ship.’ A ‘scuttle butt’ was a large cask, whose bung-hole had been cut into a
small scuttle, secured on the main deck in some convenient place, to hold water for
present use. It may be well to say that ‘scuttles’ to light the orlop deck were quite
unknown till long after the great war.
19. October 11th. Cf. N.R.S. xx. 217 seq.
20. So in MS.; but the word is ‘back-strapped,’ carried by the current to the
back of Gibraltar. The writing ‘black’ shows how entirely the meaning of the term
had been lost sight of. It is so with very many of the old nautical expressions.
21. More commonly known as the ‘floating batteries.’ They were burnt.
22. Neither Marshall nor Gardner seems to have realised the utterly worthless
character of the scurrilous book referred to—The Naval Atalantis, by ‘Nauticus
Junior,’ said to have been Joseph Harris, sometime secretary to Admiral Milbanke.
23. The pigsty, with its inmates, ‘under the forecastle,’ when going into action,
seems indeed ‘remarkable’ on board an English ship, even in 1782.
24. Sixteen years later, before the battle of the Nile, the live stock was
ruthlessly thrown overboard. Cf. Log of the Zealous (N.R.S. xviii. 12).
25. The statement is curious, for instances of similar escape are by no means
rare. In the days of sailing ships there can have been few officers of any seniority
who had not known of at least one.
26. The obsolete gibberish seems worth preserving, if only as a parallel to the
still familiar ‘So she went into the garden, &c.,’ attributed to Samuel Foote.
27. Now Devonport.
28. Sc. in nautical life.
29. Cf. Barrow, Life of Earl Howe, p. 165 seq.; Schomberg, Naval Chronology,
ii. 131.
30. Cf. post, p. 43.
31. Elder brother of Sir Francis Samuel Drake, Bart., but himself neither
baronet nor knight; and a vice-admiral at his death in 1788.
32. When in command of the Countess of Scarborough, hired ship.
33. Esteemed a good antiscorbutic. Our ships continued to brew it, up to 1840.
 34. Possibly a pun on ‘turn-ing up Channel’ (cf. ante, p. 37); or a variation on
the familiar ‘playing hell and turn up Jack’ = ‘making things lively’ (cf. post, p. 65).
35. The list is interesting, as showing that, in 1785, a ‘smock frock’ was in the
slop-list.
36. This would seem to have been a mere short-lived association, with its head
quarters at St. John’s, and may, perhaps, be compared—with a difference—to the
nearly contemporary ‘Order of Marlborough,’ described in N.R.S. vi. 387. There are
obvious geographical reasons why it cannot have been connected with any foul
club of the name (there was a long succession of such) in London.
37. See Charnock, vi. 284.
38. Died, in command of the Grampus, 1786. See D.N.B.
39. The purser ‘was allowed one-eighth for waste on all provisions embarked.’
Provisions were thus issued at the ‘purser’s pound’ of 14 oz.—Smyth. In the mutiny
at Spithead in 1797, the seamen demanded and obtained an order that the pound
should in future be of 16 oz.
40. December 3, 1781.—Beatson, v. 424.
41. Or ‘Heck-boats.’ See Smyth, Sailors’ Word-Book.
42. Sc. crow-bar. Cf. Smyth, Sailors’ Word-Book.
43. More correctly, a-mok—a Malay term.
44. The full dress is perhaps meant.
45. John Urry, a captain of 1768; died 1800.
46. He died, admiral of the red, in 1837.
47. D.N.B.
48. Rear-admiral, 1794: died 1804.
49. Rear-admiral, 1794; died, admiral of the red, 1814.
50. D.N.B.
51. John Culverhouse, 1st lieutenant of the Minerve, was made commander for
the capture of the Spanish frigate Sabina, on the special recommendation of
Nelson. Captain, 1802. Drowned when agent for transports at the Cape of Good
Hope in 1809.—Nicolas, Nelson Despatches (Index).
52. Byam Martin’s recollection of Leveson Gower was even more unfavourable
than Gardner’s. Cf. N.R.S. xix. 292.
53. The ‘Belfry’—which has long been obsolete—is defined by Smyth as ‘an
ornamental frame or shelter, under which the ship’s bell is suspended.’ It would
seem to have been commonly fixed on the break of the forecastle, and is so shown
in the models in the Museum of the Royal United Service Institution.
 54. Misappropriation of government stores (Smyth, Sailors’ Word-Book). Cf.
N.R.S. xxviii. 48. A writer in Notes and Queries (X. ii. 397) refers the term to the
Dutch ‘te kaap varen’ = to go a-privateering (N.E.D., s.v. Cape); a not improbable
derivation.
55. Musical composer, died 1796. Cf. D.N.B.
56. See in the Record Office (Admiralty, Sec. In Letters, 5326), the minutes of
these curious and remarkable courts martial—on David Wardrope, the surgeon, for
drunkenness, quarrelling and beating the lieutenants: death; on William Wall and
John Lucas, lieutenants, for permitting themselves to be beaten: dismissed the
ship; on George Dawson, captain, for tyranny, oppression, malversation, suttling
and such like: dismissed the service; and on John Wilkie, the master, for neglect of
duty, disobedience, disrespect and drunkenness: dismissed the ship.
57. Le Languedoc, 80, D’Estaing’s flagship. She had been previously dismasted
in a gale. Cf. Beatson, iv. 348; Chevalier, i. 117.
58. Syrup of maidenhair, flavoured with orange-flower.
59. There are not so many readers of Ossian now as there were a hundred
years ago, and the description given of this Spirit may be novel. ‘Connal lay by the
sound of the mountain stream, beneath the aged tree.... At distance from the
heroes he lay; the son of the sword feared no foe. The hero beheld, in his rest, a
dark-red stream of fire rushing down from the hill. Crugal sat upon the beam, a
chief who fell in fight.... His face is like the beam of the setting moon. His robes are
of the clouds of the hill. His eyes are two decaying flames. Dark is the wound of his
breast....’—Fingal, ii.
60. Without quite being ‘one of the first mathematicians in Europe,’ it is
probable enough that Macbride was really an able man. The old schoolmasters
were of two sorts: either they were respectable, half-educated men, who were rising
in life and sometimes became pursers, occasionally even lieutenants; or, and more
commonly, they were clever, highly educated men, ruined by drink, and on the
down grade. We may believe that Macbride was a man of this stamp. Cf. also Byam
Martin’s experience on board the Pegasus (N.R.S. xxiv. 57). Some of our most
distinguished captains and admirals endeavoured, at their own expense, to remedy
this utterly disgraceful state of things:—e.g. Pellew in the Caledonia, Sir Samuel
Hood in the Centaur; but it was not till 1836 that the Admiralty tried to make an
entirely new departure by the institution of naval instructors. Complete success,
however, came very gradually. Some of the earlier officers so appointed were not
uncommonly put to bed by a posse of their pupils; and even less than fifty years
ago, one of them—a capable instructor and a clever writer—went on four days’
leave to his cabin, in company with half a dozen of brandy. All might have gone
well—from his point of view—had not the supply run short after two days, and the
wretched man, in his night shirt and a state bordering on delirium tremens,
appeared in the ward room clamouring for drink.
 61. Tyrannical and oppressive as a captain, but reputed a brave officer
previous to 1st June 1794. His conduct on that day led to his being tried by court
martial, and dismissed his ship—whether for cowardice, or for Howe’s inability to
make himself understood, may be doubted.
62. Marshall, iii. 89.
63. It will, of course, be remembered that all boats were then hoisted in; boat-
davits were unknown.
64. Marshall, iv. 1007.
65. ‘What! put a physician in a bread bag!’ is quoted as the remark of a newly
caught surgeon’s mate, on being shown his bed.
66. This superstitious dread of the raven was as common on shore as afloat
(see post, p. 258), and is by no means extinct even now.
67. Captain of the Prince George in the battle of Cape St. Vincent. Grand-uncle
of the late Sir George Willes.
68. As the admiral compared Mr. Pringle to a scuttle butt (ante, p. 67), there
would seem to be another meaning in the name.
69. The traditional meaning of the name is a curious comment on ‘the worthy
fellow.’
70. Whilst in command of the Growler brig, captured by French privateers,
21st Dec 1797.
71. Afterwards Sir Henry Martin, Bart., Comptroller of the Navy; died 1794.
See N.R.S., vol. xxiv. p. viii.
72. Howe was ordered to hoist the union jack, and considered himself as
‘brevet’ admiral of the fleet.
73. Son of Samuel Faulknor, captain of the Victory when she was lost on the
Casquets in 1744; uncle of Captain Robert Faulknor, the ‘Undaunted’; flag captain
with Keppel in 1778. Died, admiral of the blue, 1795.
74. The reference is possibly to the retreat from Burgos in November 1812.
75. Many did deny this, while admitting that he was ‘a brave and meritorious
officer.’
76. Billy Culmer is a familiar character in the gossiping memoirs of the old
war, e.g. Greenwich Hospital, by the Old Sailor (M. H. Barker). From Gardner’s
account of him, we may fairly believe that Barker’s anecdotes are also genuine. It is
noted in the Barfleur’s pay-book, that he was born in Bridgwater, and was 35 in
1790. Of course, this is by no means conclusive evidence of the fact.
77. If we are to accept the statement that he was 35 in 1790, he was two years
old in 1757. He may have been with Hood in the Romney in 1767–70.
 78. The victualling yard, whose name was not inaptly transferred to the
biscuit-grub.
79. Sc. squinting.
80. Such silence was then very exceptional, and continued so till seventy years
later (1861–2), when Sir William Martin, commander-in-chief in the
Mediterranean, insisted on it.
81. The order which the midshipman brought from the flagship.
82. A periphrastic euphemism for to be flogged.
83. A puddening is defined as ‘a thick wreath of cordage, tapering from the
middle towards the ends’ (Falconer). The joke, such as it is, seems to refer to the
thickening in the middle.
84. Sc. with a rope’s end or a cane.
85. It is, perhaps, more probable that, at the extreme end of the roll, the sea
came up to the yard.
86. More likely they were carried away by the rolling. The wind might then
blow the boat away.
87. See a picture of this by Cruikshank in the Old Sailor’s Greenwich Hospital.
88. Looks like an early form of Esperanto.
89. Cf. James, i. 78.
90. The story of this attack and its repulse is given by Chevalier, Hist. de la
Marine Française sous la Première République, pp. 41 seq.
91. It has, of late years, been so persistently stated that black silk
handkerchiefs were introduced into the navy as a mark of mourning for Nelson,
that it is most refreshing to meet with this very positive contradiction of the story.
92. Charles Cunningham, at this time commander of the Speedy brig, was not
a captain till some months later, and was then posted to the Unité. The captain of
the Lowestoft was William Wolseley—Cf. D.N.B.
93. This is an allusion to the absurd story—which Gardner seems to have
believed—that James was American by birth. See D.N.B. In consequence of his
very free comments on the conduct of naval officers, James was far from being a
favourite in the service; and it must have been still fresh in Gardner’s memory that
he had been severely caned by Sir John Phillimore.
94. Nelson wrote to his uncle, William Suckling, that, in his opinion, we ought
to have taken them—men of war and convoy; and if ‘we had given the Bey 50,000l.
he would have been glad to have put up with the insult offered to his dignity.’
95. Bagrada is the classical name; the river is now called Mejerda.
96. In 1758.
 97. For the story of these very remarkable sea fights, see Smith’s Dictionary of
Greek and Roman Biography &c.; U.S. Mag., Oct. 1889, pp. 690–1.
98. The fresco is attributed to Nardo Daddi. See Kugler’s Handbook of
Painting, Italian Schools (5th Edit), pp. 111, 112, where there is a drawing of ‘The
Last Judgment.’
99. Smollett, so called by Sterne in A Sentimental Journey. It is, however, a
much disputed point whether he was not buried at Leghorn. See Notes and Queries
(1898, i.), IX. i. pp. 201, 309, 510; but it will be noticed that the monument
Gardner saw was earlier than that at Leghorn, and his mention of the ‘remains’ at
Montenero is of earlier date than any evidence yet quoted in support of the
Leghorn claim.
100. Cf. James, i. 208. The effective defence of this tower—which took its
name from the place (Mortella = Myrtle)—suggested the erection, along our south
coast, of those numerous, useless, and misnamed Martello towers, against which
the poet Campbell vainly protested.
101. See ante, p. 130, n.
102. Nelson’s comment on the reappearance of these ships was not so
classical: ‘Sir Sidney Smith did not burn them all—Lord Hood mistook the man:
there is an old song, “Great talkers do the least, we see.”‘
103. Formerly Le Dauphin Royal, and afterwards L’Orient, burnt and blown
up at the Nile. She was really of 120 guns.
104. Golfe Jouan.
105. In April 1794. As no one was saved the details were never known. Cf.
Brenton, Naval History, ii. 52.
106. The Tonnant, of 80 guns, already dismasted in the storm. The capture
was prevented, not by a gale coming on, but by the arrival of other ships to her
assistance. Cf. ante, p. 74.
107. William IV., at that time Duke of Clarence.
108. So in MS. The name is now entirely unknown, but it may perhaps have
some relationship to ‘brown Bess.’
109. French ships brought from Toulon. Cf. Schomberg, Naval Chronology, iv.
471. It will be seen that the lists of these squadrons differ from Schomberg’s, which
are probably the more correct. The Alert, for instance, had been captured on the
coast of Ireland, in May.—James, i. 439.
110. A shirt in the rigging was the recognised signal from a merchantman for a
man of war boat to be sent on board.
111. The Dunciad, ii. 105. A reference to the original—of which only the tense is
here altered—will show the strict appositeness of the quotation.