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3.3 Rules of Logarithms

Math 3 Logarithms

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Grace Froman
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19 views

3.3 Rules of Logarithms

Math 3 Logarithms

Uploaded by

Grace Froman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Properties (Rules) of Logarithms

Learning Objectives:
1. The student will be able to use the product rule for logarithms.
2. The student will be able to use the quotient rule for logarithms.
3. The student will be able to use the power rule for logarithms.
4. The student will be able to expand logarithmic expressions.
5. The student will be able to condense logarithmic expressions.

Property (Rule) Example


Product Rule: loga xy = loga x + loga y

x
Quotient Rule: log a = log a x − log a y
y

Power Rule: log a x r = r log a x

CAUTION: There is no property of logarithms to rewrite a logarithm of a sum or difference. That is why you cannot
rewrite log3 ( x + y) as log 3 x + log 3 y . The distributive property DOES NOT apply in a situation like this because
log3 ( x + y) is one term. The abbreviation “log” is a function name, not a factor. So, log3 ( x + y)  log3 x + log3 y .

Example 1: Use properties of logarithms to expand each logarithmic expression.


Video for Example 1
y
(a) log 7 (8 x) (b) log 6
5

4 3 e3
(c) log a r (d) ln
7

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(e) log(4 x )5 (f) log 4x5

Example 2: Use properties of logarithms to expand each logarithmic expression.


Video for Example 2
 rs 2 t 
(a) log b  3 5 
 uv
 

x3 y 5
(b) log b n
zm

Example 3: Use properties of logarithms to expand each logarithmic expression.


Video for Example 3
 x2 + 1 
log a  3 
 x ( x + 1)4 
 

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Example 4: Use properties of logarithms to condense each logarithmic expression and simplify if possible.
Video for Example 4
(a) log 4 2 + log 4 32 (b) log(4 x − 3) − log x

Example 5: Use properties of logarithms to condense each logarithmic expression.


Video for Example 5
(a) log( x + 2) + 4log y (b) 4logb r − 5logb s

1 1
(c) log a x + log a y  − log a z (d) log a b − 5log a c + log a d
3 3

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