PLAGIARISM SCAN REPORT

Date May 06, 2024

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Anxiety

One of the most common mental effects of eating disorders is heightened anxiety, which frequently leads to

individuals to engage in avoidance behaviours. These behaviours can take various forms, such as evading

food and avoiding situations that evoke these emotions. For instance, someone with an eating disorder might

avoid social gatherings with food is present to escape feelings of guilt or fear surrounding eating in front of

others. Others may engage in rigid exercise routine as a means of avoiding anxiety, inducing situation related

to food, consumption, or body image.

Depression

Eating disorders often lead to negative body image and low self-esteem, which can contribute to feelings of

depression. Constant preoccupation with food, weight and body shape can reinforce these negative beliefs

about oneself. Individuals with eating disorders may withdraw from social activities and relationships due to

shame or fear of judgement.

Cyclical Thought Patterns

People with eating disorders often experience cyclical patterns of thought that feel difficult to control. These

patterns resemble those seen in obsessive compulsive disorder. For instance, someone with binge eating

disorder might see food and immediately think about overeating. This could lead to feelings of shame about

past eating behaviours, followed by thoughts of purging. The guilt shame associated with these thoughts

might prompt them to over again, using numb emotional distress.

Social isolation, or being alone a lot, can make things worse for someone with an eating problem. They can.

Contribute to increased feelings of loneliness, sadness, and depression. The lack of social connection can

intensify negative emotions, already presented individual with eating disorders, leading to heightened

emotional distress. Encouraging social connection, fostering supportive relationships, providing opportunities

for social engagement can help individuals feel connected, valued and supported in their recovery journey.

Diagnostic Criteria for Eating Disorders

Diagnosing eating disorders is a comprehensive process that involves thorough assessment of physical,

psychological, and behavioural aspects. Here's a detailed explanation of the steps involved:

Clinical Assessment

Healthcare professionals begin by conducting detailed interviews to gather information about the individual's

eating habits, weight history, body image perceptions, and emotional well-being. They explore patterns of

food intake, including any restrictive eating, binge eating episodes, or purging behaviours (such as self-

induced vomiting or misuse of laxatives). Additionally, clinicians inquire about associated behaviours, such as

excessive exercise, and any physical symptoms or complications, like dizziness, fatigue, or gastrointestinal

issues, that may arise from disordered eating.

Physical Examination

Comprehensive physical examination is conducted to assess the individual's overall health and identify any

physical signs or complications related to the eating disorder. This includes measuring vital signs such as

blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature. Healthcare providers also assess height, weight, and body mass

index (BMI) to evaluate nutritional status and monitor changes over time. Physical examination may reveal

signs of malnutrition, dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, or other medical complications associated with

disordered eating.

Physiological Examination

Mental health professionals, such as psychologists or psychiatrists, administer standardised questionnaires,

interviews, and psychological assessments to evaluate the individual's thoughts, feelings, and behaviours

related to food, weight, and body image. They explore underlying psychological factors contributing to the

eating disorder, such as low self-esteem, perfectionism, anxiety, depression, trauma, or other mental health

conditions. This assessment helps determine the severity of the eating disorder and guides treatment

planning.

Diagnostic Tests

Healthcare providers refer to established diagnostic criteria, such as those outlined in the Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), to determine if the individual meets the criteria for specific

eating disorders. The DSM-5 categorizes eating disorders into different types, including anorexia nervosa,

bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and other specified feeding or eating disorders (OSFED). Diagnosis is

based on the presence of specific symptoms, behaviors, and psychological factors outlined in the diagnostic

criteria.

Laboratory Tests

Blood tests may be ordered to assess nutritional status, hormone levels, electrolyte levels, and other

physiological markers associated with eating disorders. These tests may help identify any medical

complications or underlying health issues that may require medical intervention. For example, electrolyte

imbalances, such as low potassium levels, can indicate complications like purging or dehydration behaviours

in individuals with bulimia nervosa.

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