Earth and Life Science

GROUP 4

Sexual
Reproduction
and Function
(Male and Female organ)

MEMBERS:
MACABASAG
MISAGRANDE
PACALDO
REMOLANO
SOCO
TAPERE
MONSULLER
ORBETA
ROM
SINANGOTE
VILLANUEVA
 Overview
The reproductive system is a collection of organs and a
network of hormone production that work together to create
life.
The male reproductive system includes the testes (which
produce sperm), penis, epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory
ducts, and urethra.
The female reproductive system consists of the ovaries (which
produce eggs or oocytes), fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix,
vagina and vulva.
The male and female reproductive systems must function
properly for a couple to conceive naturally. A problem with
the structure or function of either reproductive system can
cause infertility.
Due to its vital role in the species' survival, many
scientists feel that the reproductive system is among the most
important systems in the entire body.
Of the body’s major systems, the reproductive system is the
one that differs most between sexes, and the only system that
does not function until puberty.
The male reproductive system is responsible for delivering
sperm to the female reproductive system

WHAT DOES THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM DO?

The reproductive system is a collection of organs and a network
of hormone production in men and women that enable a man to
impregnate a woman who gives birth to a child. During
conception, a sperm cell from the man fuses with an egg cell in
the woman, creating a fertilized egg (embryo) that implants and
grows in the uterus during pregnancy.
Abnormalities or damage to reproductive organs and malfunction
of the hormone production and delivery system that governs
reproduction are common causes of infertility in men and women.
 FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
The female reproductive system consists of internal and external
organs. It creates hormones and is responsible for fertility,
menstruation and sexual activity.
The female reproductive anatomy includes both external and internal
parts.

1. Fallopian tubes
Fallopian tubes: These are narrow tubes
that are attached to the upper part of
your uterus and serve as pathways for
your egg (ovum) to travel from your
ovaries to your uterus. Fertilization
of an egg by sperm normally occurs in
the fallopian tubes. The fertilized egg
then moves to the uterus, where it
implants into your uterine lining.

2. Ovaries
Ovaries: are small,
oval-shaped glands that
are located on either
side of your uterus.
Your ovaries produce
eggs and hormones.

3. Fimbriae
Your fimbriae are finger-like
projections at the ends of each of
your fallopian tubes. Each month,
they sweep a newly released egg from
your ovaries into your fallopian
tubes. Damaged fimbriae can
negatively impact your fertility.
4. Uterus
Uterus: Your uterus is a hollow,
pear-shaped organ that holds a fetus
during pregnancy. Your uterus is
divided into two parts: the cervix
and the corpus. Your corpus is the
larger part of your uterus that
expands during pregnancy.

5. Cervix

Cervix: Your cervix is

the lowest part of your
uterus. A hole in the
middle allows sperm to
enter and menstrual blood
to exit. Your cervix
opens (dilates) to allow
a baby to come out during
a vaginal childbirth.
Your cervix is what
prevents things like
tampons from getting lost 6. Vagina
inside your body. Vagina: Your vagina is a
muscular canal that joins
the cervix (the lower part
of uterus) to the outside of
the body. It can widen to
accommodate a baby during
delivery and then shrink
back to hold something
narrow like a tampon. It’s
lined with mucous membranes
that help keep it moist.
External parts
The function of your external
genitals are to protect the
internal parts from infection and
allow sperm to enter your vagina.
Your vulva is the collective name
for all your external genitals. A
lot of people mistakenly use the
term “vagina” to describe all
female reproductive parts. However,
your vagina is its own structure
located inside your body.
 MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
The male reproductive system mostly exists outside of your body. .
The male reproductive system is responsible for sexual function and
urination.

1. Seminal Vesicle
The seminal vesicles are sac-like pouches
that attach to the vas deferens near the
base of the bladder. Seminal vesicles make
up to 80% of your ejaculatory fluid,
including fructose. Fructose is an energy
source for sperm and helps them move
(motility).
3. Bladder
The urinary bladder 2. Prostate Gland
is a hollow, stretchy
organ in the lower The prostate is a
part of your abdomen walnut-sized
that stores urine gland that rests
before it leaves your below your
body through your bladder, in front
urethra. of your rectum.
The prostate adds
additional fluid
to ejaculate,
which helps
nourish sperm.
The urethra runs
through the
center of the
prostate gland.
4. Urethra
The urethra is the tube that
5. Testicles carries pee from your bladder
outside of your body. If you
The testicles (testes) are have a penis, it also
oval-shaped organs that lie ejaculates semen when you
in your scrotum. They’re reach orgasm.
about the size of two large
olives. The spermatic cord 6. Glans of Penis
holds the testicles in place Your glans is also
and supplies them with called the head or tip
blood. of your penis. The
opening of your
urethra is here. This
is where pre-ejaculate
(precum) and semen
(cum) come out of, and
it's where you pee out
of.
 Functions
What are the functions of the female reproductive system?
The female reproductive system provides several functions.
In addition to allowing a person to have sexual intercourse,
it also helps a person reproduce.
Your ovaries produce eggs. These eggs are then transported
to your fallopian tube during ovulation where fertilization
by a sperm may occur. The fertilized egg then moves to your
uterus, where the uterine lining has thickened in response
to the normal hormones of your menstrual cycle (also called
your reproductive cycle). Once in your uterus, the
fertilized egg can implant into the thickened uterine lining
and continue to develop. If implantation doesn’t take place,
the uterine lining is shed as your menstrual period. In
addition, the female reproductive system produces sex
hormones that maintain your menstrual cycle.

How does the male reproductive system function?

The entire male reproductive system depends on hormones.
Hormones are chemicals that stimulate or regulate activity
in your cells or organs. The primary hormones that help the
male reproductive system function include:
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Your pituitary gland
makes FSH. FSH is necessary to produce sperm
(spermatogenesis).
Luteinizing hormone (LH). Your pituitary gland also makes
LH. LH is necessary to continue the process of
spermatogenesis.
Testosterone. Testosterone is the main sex hormone in people
AMAB. It helps you develop certain characteristics,
including muscle mass and strength, fat distribution, bone
mass, and sex drive (libido).

zygote Embryo baby

Male sperm

Female sperm
 Journeyof
Fetus