An expository or informative speech aims credibility, present valid arguments and

to provide the audience with information sound reasoning, relate with the audience
about a topic or to expand their knowledge and be honest.
about a topic with which they are already
familiar. 2. Accurate
A good informative speech presents
Types of Informative Speeches accurate information that is up-to-date,
1. Description Speech reliable, and uncorrupted
This provides a vivid picture of a person, a
place, or an object. It provides an image of 3. Clear
the subject in the audience’s minds through You must clearly convey the information to
sensory details such as sight, sound, smell, avoid misinterpretation and confusion
touch, and taste. among the audience.

2. Explanation Speech 4. Memorable

This explains or defines a concept, term, or Make a long-lasting impact on the audience
an abstract topic (e.g., idea, principle, by being memorable.
philosophy). It provides facts, etymology of
words or concepts, classification, examples,
and others relevant details.
A persuasive speech aims to influence the
3. Demonstration Speech audience to accept the speaker’s position or
This presents information about how to do stand on an issue. Sales pitches political
something or how something is done. It campaign talks, business presentations, and
gives the audience detailed information of debates are examples of persuasive speech.
a certain process in order to achieve a
particular task or information about how Kinds of Persuasive Speech
something happens. 1. Convincing Speech
This type of persuasive speech is one in
4. Reportorial Speech which the speaker attempts to convince the
Similar to a report or a newscast, this serves audience to adopt his or her way of thinking
to describe or explain an event or an issue or to change the way they think about
that is interesting, significant, or unusual. things.
When used for giving information about an
event, a reportorial speech helps explain to 2. Actuation Speech
the audience what happened, why it This type of speech is designed to urge the
happened, and what resulted from the audience to take a particular action. When
event. making an actuation speech, the speaker
seeks to persuade the audience to start
Characteristics of an Expository Speech doing
1. Credible the action now.
The audience is more likely to listen to you if
they see that you are fully prepared and In his book Rhetoric , the Greek
qualified to speak about the topic. To build
philosopher Aristotle classified three experience for them.
rhetorical appeals or modes of persuasion. Guidelines in Writing an Entertainment
These are Speech
the following: a. Know your audience.
1. Ethos b. Decide on a topic or theme.
This is an appeal to the speaker’s c. Start with an attention-grabber.
credibility or authority as perceived by the d. Use simple language and vivid
audience. descriptions.
2. Pathos e. Use humor effectively.
This is an appeal to the audience’s f. Use appropriate nonverbal cues.
emotion .
emotional appeal.
Reading from a manuscript, also known as
3. Logos
a manuscript speech, is done when a
This is an appeal to logic or reason .
speaker reads a prepared text or manuscript
to the audience. The manuscript may be
Guidelines in Writing a Persuasive Speech
prepared by someone else or by the speaker
1. Determine your goal.
himself or herself. This is usually given when
2. Know your audience.
the manuscript will be part of an official
3. Organize the information.
record wherein extremely careful wording is
4. Provide strong evidence.
required.

An entertainment speech aims to amuse

audience members and put them in a jovial
mood. Although it can also inform or
persuade, its primary focus is to entertain
an audience or create a pleasant or
interesting diversion. Guidelines in Reading from a Manuscript
a. Outline and write your speech well.
There are various ways to make a speech b. Format your speech properly. Doing so
entertaining. Here are some of these ways: will make it easier for you to read it. Here are
a. Tell a funny or a scary story. some tips to make your speech easily
b. Use a humorous story or an anecdote. readable:
c. Relate a personal experience. ● Indent each paragraph and write only two
d. Incorporate drama by using narration and or three paragraphs per page.
dialogue. ● The right margin should not be justified so
e. Use sarcasm, exaggeration, or pun such as that the words are equally spaced.
“A bicycle can’t stand on its own because
● Use only one side of the page.
it is two-tired.”
Entertainment speeches do not need to be ● Use a font type that is easy to read and a
funny at all times and all throughout. It gets font size large enough for you to read the
the speech comfortably.
attention of the audience by speaking of c. Practice your speech.
interesting topics that create an enjoyable d. Vary your voice.
e. Look at the audience from time to usually knowledgeable about the topic they
time. are going to talk about.

Strategies in Organizing and Delivering an

A memorized speech requires you to
Impromptu Speech
commit your speech to memory. As with
1. Opening-Rule of Three-Clincher
manuscript reading, you also run the risk of
This strategy entails having a compelling
sounding mechanical during a memorized
opening. In your opening, state your stand
delivery. For this reason, keep your
or the topic of your speech. Follow it up with
memorized speech short and work harder
the rule of three, which means listing down
on
three reasons that supports your opening. At
your facial expressions and the tone of your
the end, your clincher should summarize
voice.
your points and wrap up your speech well.
Skilled speakers usually deliver a memorized
speech.
2. Past-Present-Future
Another strategy that you can employ is the
past-present-future strategy. Here, you can
state analogies of a certain fact. This is the
best strategy to use to showcase the
improvement of something over time.

3.
Point-Reason-Example/Explanation-Point
Tips in Delivering a Memorized Speech
This strategy employs the use of recollection.
a. Keep it short.
You start your speech with your main point
b. Practice.
then provide the reason behind it. Explain
c. Visualize .
your reason to support your main point and
d. Project your voice .
then restate your main point. You can also
e. Use pauses appropriately.
integrate your conclusion with the last point.
Tips in Delivering an Impromptu Speech
a. Think first before speaking.
b. Consider the three major parts of a
speech.
c. Identify your main point.
d. Use signposts.
e. Keep your speech short.
Unlike manuscript and memorized speeches,
f. Be confident.
an impromptu speech is delivered with very
little or no preparation. It is generally brief
and unrehearsed since the speaker does not
An extemporaneous speech is delivered
have time to practice the speech.
with the speaker preparing a speech outline
or notes beforehand. When giving this type
In a formal situation, the people who are
of speech, the speaker does not read a
asked to give an impromptu speech are
manuscript
word for word, nor does he or she memorize
every word. Instead, the speech outline or
prepared notes are used as a guide, and the
speaker elaborates on it using his or her own
words.

Here are other characteristics of an

extemporaneous speech:
a. It sounds natural.
b. Its exact wording is chosen while the
speech is being given.
c. It gives the speaker the chance to practice
the flow of the speech using the outline or
notes.
d. It lets the speaker freely engage and
interact with the audience.
e. It is flexible.

Three Steps in Studying Your

Extemporaneous Topic
1. Identify the type of extemporaneous
question that you have to answer.
● Is it a question of fact? Does it revolve
around whether something is true or not?
● Is it a question of value? Does it center on
whether the topic is good or bad, moral or
immoral, just or unjust?
● Is it a question of policy? Does it focus on
what policy or rule should be followed?

2. Determine if your topic is informative or

persuasive.
3. Stick to your topic and look at all sides and
angles of the problem.

Pointers in Preparing and Delivering an

Extemporaneous Speech
a. Prepare the outline or notes.
b. Rehearse your speech using your
outline or notes.
c. Speak in a natural manner.
d. Pay attention to the audience’s
nonverbal cues.