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COST ESTIMATES is the approximation of the cost of program, project
or operation.

Cost Estimating Stages:

1. BUDGETARY ESTIMATE. This estimate is prepared in response to a
demonstrated need. It should best be related to square meter to be
built, number of people to be served, units to be produced, or
functions to be accomplished.

COST 2. SCHEMATIC DESIGN ESTIMATE. At the schematic phase, this

utilizes square-meter costs, but parametric and modular costs can
ESTIMATES AR A325/D 2 ND SEM 2023-2024 become much more practical.
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3. DESIGN DEVELOPMENT ESTIMATE. This estimate is based upon

ESTIMATING METHODS
drawings which are an evolution of the schematic design drawings.
1. UNIT GROSS AREA METHOD
Spatial solution for the building has been completed but the other
-facility to be designed or constructed is defined in terms of its
engineering drawings are still coming into focus.
capacity to serve.
ex. a. number of patient beds
4. CONTRACT DOCUMENT ESTIMATE. Quantity survey for all
b. number of prison inmates
areas/drawings by the designer.
c. student population
d. number of parking spaces
5. CONSTRUCTION AND BIDDING ESTIMATE. Actual cost of work in
place. Quantity survey methods by contractors.

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ESTIMATING METHODS
1. UNIT GROSS AREA METHOD ESTIMATING METHODS
this table is best used in the budgetary and schematic design 1. UNIT GROSS AREA METHOD
phases to help determine the size requirement for the total project. BUILDING TYPE UNIT AVE. AREA IN SQ.M.
BUILDING TYPE UNIT AVE. AREA IN SQ.M. MOTEL Rntl. unit 43
AUDITORIUM & PLAY THEATER Seat 2.3 RESTAURANTS Seat 32.5
APARTMENTS Unit 80 SCHOOL, ELEMENTARY Pupil 7
BOWLING ALLEY Lane 87 HIGH SCHOOL Student 11
CHURCHES seat 2 COLLEGE Student 11
DORMITORIES Bed 20 VOCATIONAL Student 12.5
GARAGES, PARKING Car 33 SHOOTING RANGES Point 41.8
HOUSING, PUBLIC HI-RISE Unit 75 THEATER AND MOVIES seat 1.4
HOSPITALS Bed 79
HOTELS Rntl. Unit 56
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ESTIMATING METHODS
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ESTIMATING METHODS 2. ESTIMATING BY SQUARE METER METHOD.
2. ESTIMATING BY SQUARE METER METHOD. b. Space factor to be used in estimating by area – building spaces should be
a. Square meter costs are found by multiplying the area of space converted into their equivalent enclosed space
times a cost factor. The cost factor is usually available from the The United Architects of the Philippines presents herewith the various factors that should be

historical cost file of past projects. This is the method most commonly used in converting building spaces to their equivalent enclosed building area (EEBA)
AREA / SPACE SPACE FACTOR
used by architects. TYPICAL FLOOR 1
ex. Lobby AUDITORIUM 1.5
BALCONY 0.4
100sm x 1.5 (EEBA) x ( php ) = __________
CANOPY ENTRANCE 0.45
LOBBY AND LOFTY SPACES 1.5
BASEMENT 1
ON-STILT 0.55
COVERED AREA (partially walled space) 0.6
STAIRS 1.25
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ESTIMATING METHODS ESTIMATING METHODS
2. ESTIMATING BY SQUARE METER METHOD. 2. ESTIMATING BY SQUARE METER METHOD.
The United Architects of the Philippines presents herewith the various factors that should be
used in converting building spaces to their equivalent enclosed building area (EEBA)

AREA / SPACE SPACE FACTOR

KITCHENETTE 1.5
MEDIA-AGUAS 0.25
AHU ROOMS 0.70
DECK TERRACE (with waterproofing) 0.35
INTERSTITIAL space less than 1.5m 0.35
more than 1.5m 0.70
OPEN TERRACE (no roof) 0.30

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ESTIMATING METHODS
3. ESTIMATING BY CUBIC METER METHOD. This is similar to the
square meter procedure except that the cubage provides basis for
*To be continued*
cost, normally used in earthwork, civil construction, and air
conditioning.
4. DETAILED ESTIMATES

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