This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles

for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Designation: A554 − 21

Standard Specification for

Welded Stainless Steel Mechanical Tubing1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A554; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope* A790/A790M Specification for Seamless and Welded

1.1 This specification covers welded austenitic, ferritic, and Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
austenitic-ferritic duplex stainless steel mechanical tubing A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related
intended for use in ornamental, structural, exhaust, and other Alloys, and Ferroalloys
applications where appearance, mechanical properties, or cor- E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
rosion resistance is needed. The grades covered are listed in Unified Numbering System (UNS)
Table 1. 2.2 Military Standards:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage3
1.2 This specification covers as-welded or cold-reduced MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products Preparation for Shipment
mechanical tubing in sizes to 16 in. (406.4 mm) outside and Storage3
dimension, and in wall thicknesses 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) and 2.3 Federal Standard:
over. Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipments (Civil Agencies)3
1.3 Tubes shall be furnished in one of the following shapes 2.4 SAE Standard:
as specified by the purchaser: round, square, rectangular, or SAE J 1086 Numbering Metals and Alloys4
special.
3. Terminology
1.4 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are
provided and when desired shall be so stated in the order. 3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
specification, refer to Terminology A941.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical 4. Ordering Information
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard. 4.1 Orders for material under this specification should
include the following, as required, to describe the desired
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor- material adequately:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- 4.1.1 Quantity (feet, mass, or number of pieces),
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the 4.1.2 Name of material (welded stainless steel mechanical
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- tubing),
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical 4.1.3 Form (round, square, rectangular, special, see 1.3),
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 4.1.4 Dimensions:
2. Referenced Documents 4.1.4.1 Round-outside diameter and wall thickness for all
conditions (Section 9). Alternatively, for cold-reduced
2.1 ASTM Standards:2 condition, outside diameter and inside diameter or inside
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing diameter and wall dimensions may be specified,
of Steel Products 4.1.4.2 Square and rectangular outside dimensions and wall
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of thickness (see 10.1),
Steel Products 4.1.4.3 Special (to be specified),
4.1.5 Length (mill lengths, cut lengths, or multiple lengths
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, (see 9.3)),
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4.1.6 Grade (Table 1),
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved March 1, 2021. Published March 2021. Originally 4.1.7 Condition (see 7.1),
approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as A554 – 16. DOI:
10.1520/A0554-21.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111–5094, Attn: NPODS.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale,
the ASTM website. PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

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 TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsA
Composition, %
UNS #J Grade Carbon Manga- Phos- Sulfur Silicon Nickel Chromium Molybdenum Titanium Columbium Nitrogen Copper Other
nese, phorus
Austenitic
MT-301 0.15 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 6.0–8.0 16.0–18.0 ... ... ...
MT-302 0.15 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 8.0–10.0 17.0–19.0 ... ... ...
MT-304 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 8.0–11.0 18.0–20.0 ... ... ...

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MT-304L 0.035B 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 8.0–13.0 18.0–20.0 ... ... ...
MT-305 0.12 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 10.0–13.0 17.0–19.0 ... ... ...
MT-309S 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 12.0–15.0 22.0–24.0 ... ... ...
C
MT-309S-Cb 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 12.0–15.0 22.0–24.0 ... ...
MT-310S 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 19.0–22.0 24.0–26.0 ... ... ...
MT-316 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 10.0–14.0 16.0–18.0 2.0–3.0 ... ...
MT-316L 0.035B 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 10.0–15.0 16.0–18.0 2.0–3.0 ... ...
S31655 ... 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.015 1.00 8.0–9.5 19.5–21.5 0.50–1.50 ... ... 0.14–0.25 1.00 ...
MT-317 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 11.0–14.0 18.0–20.0 3.0–4.0 ... ...
D
MT-321 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 9.0–13.0 17.0–20.0 ... ...
MT-330 0.15 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 33.0–36.0 14.0–16.0 ... ... ...
C
MT-347 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 9.0–13.0 17.0–20.0 ... ...
Ferritic
MT-429 0.12 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.50 max 14.0–16.0 ... ... ...
MT-430 0.12 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.50 max 16.0–18.0 ... ... ...

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S43036 MT-430-Ti 0.10 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.75 max 16.0–19.5 ... 5 × C min, ...
0.75 max
S40900 409E
S40910 0.030 1.00 0.040 0.020 1.00 0.50 10.5–11.7 ... Ti 6X (C+N) Cb 0.17 0.030
min,
0.050 max

2
S40920 0.030 1.00 0.040 0.020 1.00 0.50 10.5–11.7 ... Ti 8X (C+N) Cb 0.10 0.030
min,

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Ti 0.15–0.50
S40930 0.030 1.00 0.040 0.020 1.00 0.50 10.5–11.7 ... (Ti+Cb) [0.08+8 ... 0.030
A554 − 21

× (C+N)] min,
0.75 max;
Ti 0.05 min
S43400 434 0.120 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 ... 16.0–18.0 0.75–1.25 ... ... ...
S43600 436 0.120 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 ... 16.0–18.0 0.75–1.25 ... Cb 5 × C ...
min
0.080 max
S43035 439 0.030 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.50 17.0–19.0 ... Ti ... 0.030
[0.20+4(C+N)]
min,
1.10 max;
Al 0.015
F
S41003 0.030 1.50 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.50 10.5–12.5 ... ... ... 0.030
S44400 444 0.025 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.00 17.5–19.5 1.75–2.50 (Ti+Cb) 0.035
[0.20+4(C+N)]
min
0.80 max
S41008 410S 0.080 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.60 11.5–13.5 ... ... ... ...
G
S44100 0.030 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.00 17.5–19.5 ... 0.1–0.5 Cb 0.3+ ...
(9× C) min,
0.9 max
Austenitic-Ferritic
S31803 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 4.5–6.5 21.0–23.0 2.5–3.5 ... ... 0.08–0.20 ... ...
S32003 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 3.0–4.0 19.5–22.5 1.50–2.00 ... ... 0.14–0.20 ... ...
S32101 0.040 4.0–6.0 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.35–1.70 21.0–22.0 0.10–0.80 ... ... 0.20–0.25 0.10–0.80 ...
S32202 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.010 1.00 1.00–2.80 21.5–24.0 0.45 max ... ... 0.18–0.26 ... ...
'RZQORDGHGSULQWHGE\
TABLE 1 Continued
Composition, %
UNS #J Grade Carbon Manga- Phos- Sulfur Silicon Nickel Chromium Molybdenum Titanium Columbium Nitrogen Copper Other
nese, phorus
S32205 2205K 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 4.5–6.5 22.0–23.0 3.0–3.5 ... ... 0.14–0.20 ... ...
S32304 2304K 0.030 2.50 0.040 0.040 1.00 3.0–5.5 21.5–24.5 0.05–0.60 ... ... 0.05–0.20 0.05–0.60 ...
S32550 255K 0.04 1.50 0.040 0.030 1.00 4.5–6.5 24.0–27.0 2.9–3.9 ... ... 0.10–0.25 1.50–2.50 ...

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S32750H 2507K 0.030 1.20 0.035 0.020 0.80 6.0–8.0 24.0–26.0 3.0–5.0 ... ... 0.24–0.32 0.5 ...
S32760I 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 6.0–8.0 24.0–26.0 3.0–4.0 ... ... 0.20–0.30 0.50–1.00 W
0.50–1.00
S81921 0.030 2.00–4.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 2.00–4.00 19.0–22.0 1.00–2.00 ... ... 0.14–0.20 ... ...
S82011 0.030 2.0–3.0 0.040 0.020 1.00 1.00–2.00 20.5–23.5 0.10–1.00 ... ... 0.15–0.27 0.50 ...
S82441 0.030 2.5–4.0 0.035 0.005 0.70 3.0–4.5 23.0–25.0 1.00–2.00 ... ... 0.20–0.30 0.10–0.80 ...

3
A
Maximum, unless a range or minimum is indicated. Where ellipses (...) appear in this table, there is no minimum and analysis for the element need not be determined or reported.
B
For small diameter or thin walls, or both, where many drawing passes are required, a carbon content of 0.040 % max is necessary in grades MT-304L and MT-316L. Small outside diameter tubes are defined as those

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less than 0.500 in. (12.7 mm) in outside diameter and light wall tubes as those less than 0.049 in. (1.24 mm) in average wall thickness.
C
The columbium content shall be not less than ten times the carbon content and not more than 1.00 %.
A554 − 21

D
The titanium content shall be not less than five times the carbon content and not more than 0.60 %.
E
S40900 (Type 409) has been replaced by S40910, S40920, and S40930. Unless otherwise specified in the ordering information, an order specifying S40900 or Type 409, shall be satisfied by any one of S40910, S40920,
or S40930 at the option of the seller. Material meeting the requirements of S40910, S40920, or S40930 may, by agreement between purchaser and manufacturer, be certified as S40900.
F
S41003 chemical composition relates to Type 412, which is not currently an AISI or SAE number.
G
S44100 chemical composition relates to Type 441, which is not currently an AISI or SAE number.
H
% Cr + 3.3 × %Mo + 16 × %N = 41 min.
I
% Cr + 3.3 × %Mo + 16 × %N = 40 min.
J
Designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J 1086.
K
Common name, not a trademark, widely used, not associated with any one producer.
 A554 − 21
4.1.8 Inside diameter bead condition (see 7.2), 7. Condition
4.1.9 Surface finish (see Section 12), 7.1 The tubes shall be furnished in any of the following
4.1.10 Report of chemical analysis, if required (Section 8), conditions as specified:
4.1.11 Individual supplementary requirements, if required, 7.1.1 As welded,
4.1.12 End use,
7.1.2 Welded and annealed,
4.1.13 Specification designation,
7.1.3 Cold reduced,
4.1.14 Special requirements,
7.1.4 Cold reduced and annealed.
4.1.15 Special marking (Section 15), and
4.1.16 Special packing (Section 16). 7.2 The inside diameter bead shall be furnished in any of the
following conditions as specified:
5. Process 7.2.1 Bead not removed,
5.1 The steel may be made by any process. 7.2.2 Bead controlled to 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) or 15 % of the
specified wall thickness, whichever is greater, and
5.2 If a specific type of melting is required by the purchaser, 7.2.3 Bead removed.
it shall be stated on the purchase order.
7.3 Square and rectangular welded stainless tubing is sup-
5.3 The primary melting may incorporate separate degas- plied as cold worked unless otherwise specified.
sing or refining and may be followed by secondary melting,
such as electroslag remelting or vacuum-arc remelting. If 8. Heat Analysis
secondary melting is employed, the heat shall be defined as all
of the ingots remelted from a single primary heat. 8.1 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the
steel manufacturer to determine the percentages of the ele-
5.4 Steel may be cast in ingots or may be strand cast. When ments specified. If secondary melting processes are employed,
steel of different grades are sequentially strand cast, identifi- the heat analysis shall be obtained from one remelted ingot or
cation of the resultant transition material is required. The the product of one remelted ingot of each primary melt. The
producer shall remove the transition material by an established chemical composition thus determined, or that determined
procedure that positively separates the grades. from a product analysis made by the tubular product
manufacturer, shall conform to requirements specified. When
6. Materials and Manufacture requested in the order or contract, a report of this analysis shall
6.1 The tubes shall be made from flat-rolled steel by an be furnished to the purchaser. (See Test Methods, Practices,
automatic welding process without the addition of filler metal. and Terminology A751.)

TABLE 2 Diameter, Wall,A and Ovality Tolerances (All Conditions Except Tubing with Bead Removed)
NOTE 1—Ovality is the difference between maximum and minimum outside diameters measured at any one cross section. There is no additional
tolerance for ovality on tubes having a specified wall thickness of more than 3 % of the outside diameter.
NOTE 2—For sizes up to and including 5-in. (127.0-mm) outside diameter, an ovality tolerance of twice the tabular outside diameter tolerance spread
shown is applied one half plus and one half minus to tubes having a specified wall thickness of 3 % or less of the specified outside diameter. The average
of the maximum and minimum outside diameter readings should fall within the outside diameter tolerances as shown in this table.
NOTE 3—For sizes over 5-in. (127.0-mm) to and including 16-in. (406.4-mm) outside diameter, when the specified wall thickness is 3 % or less of the
outside diameter, the ovality shall not exceed 1.5 % of the specified outside diameter.
Wall Thickness OD, ±
OD Size, in. (mm)
in. mm in. mm
Under 1⁄2 (12.7) 0.020 to 0.049 0.51 to 1.24 0.004 0.10
1⁄2 to 1 (12.7 to 25.4) 0.020 to 0.065 0.51 to 1.65 0.005 0.13
1⁄2 to 1 (12.7 to 25.4) over 0.065 to 0.134 over 1.65 to 3.40 0.010 0.25
Over 1 to 1 1⁄2 (25.4 to 38.1), incl 0.025 to 0.065 0.64 to 1.65 0.008 0.20
Over 1 to 1 1⁄2 (25.4 to 38.1), incl over 0.065 to 0.134 over 1.65 to 3.40 0.010 0.25
Over 1 1⁄2 to 2 (38.1 to 50.8), incl 0.025 to 0.049 0.64 to 1.24 0.010 0.25
Over 1 1⁄2 to 2 (38.1 to 50.8), incl over 0.049 to 0.083 over 1.24 to 2.11 0.011 0.28
Over 1 1⁄2 to 2 (38.1 to 50.8), incl over 0.083 to 0.149 over 2.11 to 3.78 0.012 0.30
Over 2 to 2 1⁄2 (50.8 to 63.5), incl 0.032 to 0.065 0.81 to 1.65 0.012 0.30
Over 2 to 2 1⁄2 (50.8 to 63.5), incl over 0.065 to 0.109 over 1.65 to 2.77 0.013 0.33
Over 2 to 2 1⁄2 (50.8 to 63.5), incl over 0.109 to 0.165 over 2.77 to 4.19 0.014 0.36
Over 2 1⁄2 to 3 1⁄2 (63.5 to 88.9), incl 0.032 to 0.165 0.81 to 4.19 0.014 0.36
Over 2 1⁄2 to 3 1⁄2 (63.5 to 88.9), incl over 0.165 over 4.19 0.020 0.51
Over 3 1⁄2 to 5 (88.9 to 127.0), incl 0.035 to 0.165 0.89 to 4.19 0.020 0.51
Over 3 1⁄2 to 5 (88.9 to 127.0), incl over 0.165 over 4.19 0.025 0.64
Over 5 to 7 1⁄2 (127.0 to 190.5), incl 0.049 to 0.250 1.24 to 6.35 0.025 0.64
Over 5 to 7 1⁄2 (127.0 to 190.5), incl over 0.250 over 6.35 0.030 0.76
Over 7 1⁄2 to 16 (190.5 to 406.4), incl all all 0.00125 in./in. or mm/mm of circumference
A
Wall tolerance ±10 % of specified wall thickness.

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 A554 − 21
9. Permissible Variations in Dimensions—Round Tubing TABLE 4 Length Variations—Cut Length Tubes
Outside Permissible Variations
9.1 For all conditions except tubing with bead removed, Diameter, in Length, in.
Table 2 shall apply. Length, ft (m) in. (mm) OverA Under
9.2 For tubing with bead removed, Table 3 shall apply. in. mm

9.3 Lengths—Tubing is normally furnished in mill lengths 5 4 (1.2) and under up to 2 (50.8), incl ⁄
1 16 1.6 0
over 2 to 4 (50.8 to ⁄
3 32 2.4 0
ft (1.5 m) and over. Definite cut lengths are furnished when 101.6), incl
specified, to the length tolerances shown in Table 4. For tubing over 4 (101.6) 18 ⁄ 3.2 0
ordered in multiple lengths, it is common practice to allow a
Over 4 to 10 (1.2 to up to 2 (50.8), incl ⁄
3 32 2.4 0
definite amount over for each multiple for the purchaser’s 3.0), incl
cutting operation. Thus cutting allowance should be specified over 2 (50.8) 18 ⁄ 3.2 0
in the purchase order. Over 10 to 24 (3.0 to all sizes ⁄
3 16 4.8 0
9.4 Straightness Tolerance—The straightness tolerance 7.3), incl
shall be 0.030 in. (0.76 mm) maximum in any 3-ft (0.9-m) A
For all diameters in lengths over 24 ft (7.3 m), an additional over tolerance of 1⁄8
in. (3.2 mm) for each 10 ft (3.0 m) or fraction thereof shall be permissible, up to a
length of tubing. The straightness tolerance on shorter lengths tolerance of 1⁄2 in. (12.7 mm), max.
and on special requirements shall be agreed upon between the
purchaser and producer.
10. Permissible Variations in Dimensions—Square and
Rectangular Tubing workmanlike finish. Surface imperfections such as handling
10.1 For this tubing, variations in dimensions from those marks, straightening marks, light mandrel and die marks,
specified shall not exceed the amounts prescribed in Table 5. shallow pits, and scale patterns will not be considered as
For lengths, see 9.3. For the measurement of corner radii in serious defects, provided the imperfections are removable
Table 5, refer to Fig. 1. within 10 % of the specified wall or 0.002 in. (0.05 mm),
whichever is greater. The removal of surface imperfections is
11. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance not required, unless special finishes are specified.
11.1 Finished tubes shall have smooth ends free of burrs.
They shall be free of injurious defects and shall have a 12. Surface Finish
12.1 Tubes shall be free of scale.
TABLE 3 Diameter, Wall,A and Ovality Tolerances for Tubing with
Bead Removed 12.2 If special surface conditioning is required, they shall be
NOTE 1—Ovality is the difference between maximum and minimum stated in the order.
outside diameters measured at any one cross section. There is no
additional tolerance for ovality on tubes having a specified wall thickness 13. Rejection
of more than 3 % of the outside diameter.
13.1 Tubing that fails to meet the requirements of this
NOTE 2—An ovality allowance of twice the outside diameter tolerance, specification shall be set aside and the manufacturer notified.
shown in this table, is applied one half plus and one half minus to the
outside diameter, for tubes having a specified wall thickness of 3 % or less
of the specified outside diameter. The average of the maximum and 14. Coating
minimum outside diameter readings should fall within the outside 14.1 Stainless steel tubing is commonly shipped without
diameter tolerances of this table.
protective coating. If special protection is needed, details shall
NOTE 3—Tubing may be specified to only two of the three following be specified in the order.
dimensions—outside diameter, inside diameter, or wall.
OD Size, in. (mm) OD, ± ID, ± 15. Product Marking
in. mm in. mm
15.1 Civilian Procurement—Each box, bundle or lift, and
Up to 3⁄32 (2.4), excl 0.001 0.03 0.001 0.03
3⁄32 to 3⁄16 (2.4 to 4.8), excl 0.0015 0.038 0.0015 0.038
piece (when individual pieces are shipped) shall be identified
3⁄16 to 1⁄2 (4.8 to 12.7), excl 0.003 0.08 0.005 0.13 by a tag or stencil with the manufacturer’s name or brand,
1⁄2 to 1 (12.7 to 25.4), excl 0.004 0.10 0.006 0.15 specified size, purchaser’s order number, this specification
1 to 11⁄2 (25.4 to 38.1), 0.005 0.13 0.007 0.18
excl
number, and grade. Bar coding is acceptable as a supplemen-
1 1⁄2 to 2 (38.1 to 50.8), 0.006 0.15 0.008 0.20 tary identification method. Bar coding should be consistent
excl with the Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG) standard
2 to 2 1⁄2 (50.8 to 63.5), 0.007 0.18 0.010 0.25
excl
prepared by the Primary Metals Subcommittee of the AIAG
2 1⁄2 to 3 1⁄2 (63.5 to 88.9), 0.010 0.25 0.014 0.36 Bar Code Project Team.
excl
3 1⁄2 to 5 (88.9 to 127.0), 0.015 0.38 0.020 0.51 15.2 Government Procurement—When specified in the con-
incl tract or order, and for direct procurement by or direct shipment
Over 5 to 16 (127.0 to 0.00125 in./in. or 0.0013 in./in. or
406.4), incl mm/mm of cir- mm/mm of cir-
to the government, marking for shipment, in addition to
cumference cumference requirements specified in the contract or order, shall be in
A
Wall tolerance is ±10 % of specified wall thickness. accordance with MIL-STD-129 for Military agencies and in
accordance with Fed. Std. No. 123 for civil agencies.

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 A554 − 21
TABLE 5 Square and Rectangular Tubing
Outside Dimension Tolerances
Largest Specified Outside Wall Thick- ±, in. (mm),
Dimension Across Flats, ness,A in. across Flats,
in. (mm) (mm) Convexity
or Concavity,
incl

To 1 1⁄4 (31.8), incl all 0.015 (0.38)

Over 1 1⁄4 to 2 1⁄2 (31.8 to 63.5), incl all 0.020 (0.51)
Over 2 1⁄2 to 5 1⁄2 (63.5 to 139.7), incl all 0.030 (0.76)
Over 5 1⁄2 to 8 (139.7 to 203.2), incl all 0.060 (1.52)

Wall Thickness Tolerance

± 10 % of specified wall thickness

Maximum Radii of Corners

See Fig. 1
Radii of Corners,
Wall Thickness, in. (mm)
max, in. (mm)
Over 0.020 to 0.049 (0.51 to 1.24), incl ⁄
3 32 (2.4)
Over 0.049 to 0.065 (1.24 to 1.65), incl 18⁄ (3.2)
Over 0.065 to 0.083 (1.65 to 2.11), incl 9⁄64 (3.6)

Over 0.083 to 0.095 (2.11 to 2.42), incl 3⁄16 (4.8)

Over 0.095 to 0.109 (2.42 to 2.77), incl 13⁄64 (5.2)

Over 0.109 to 0.134 (2.77 to 3.40), incl 7⁄32 (5.6)

Over 0.134 to 0.156 (3.40 to 3.96), incl 1⁄4 (6.4)

Over 0.156 to 0.200 (3.96 to 5.08), incl 3⁄8 (9.5)

Over 0.200 to 0.250 (5.08 to 6.35), incl 1⁄2 (12.7)

Over 0.250 to 0.375 (6.35 to 9.53), incl 3⁄4 (19.1)

FIG. 1 Measurement of Corner Radii

Twist Tolerances
Twist in 3 ft,
Largest Size, in. (mm) max, in.
(mm/m)
crate, carton, package in secure lifts or bundles to ensure safe
Under 1⁄2 (12.7) 0.050 (1.4)
1⁄2 to 11⁄2 (12.7 to 38.1), incl 0.075 (2.1)
delivery. Tubing heavier than 0.065-in. wall will normally be
Over 1 1⁄2 to 2 1⁄2 (38.1 to 63.5), incl 0.095 (2.6) shipped loose, bundled, or in secured lifts. Special packaging
Over 2 1⁄2 to 4 (63.5 to 101.6), incl 0.125 (3.5) requiring extra operations other than those normally used by
Over 4 to 6 (101.6 to 152.4) incl 0.250 (6.9)
Over 6 (152.4) 0.375 (10.4) the manufacturer must be specified in the order.
Squareness of Sides 16.2 Government Procurement—When specified in the con-
tract or order, and for direct procurement by or direct shipment
± B = C × 0.006
where: to the government when Level A is specified, preservation,
B = tolerance for out-of-square, and packaging, and packing shall be in accordance with the Level
C = length of longest side.
A requirements of MIL-STD-163.
The straightness tolerance is 0.075 in. in 3 ft or 2.1 mm in 1 m using a 3-ft
(1-m) straightedge and feeler gauge. 17. Keywords
A
Wall tolerance is ±10 % of nominal wall thickness.
17.1 austenitic stainless steel; austenitic-ferritic duplex
stainless steel; exhaust tubing; ferritic stainless steel tubing;
16. Packaging mechanical tubing; ornamental tubing; stainless steel tube;
16.1 Civilian Procurement—On tubing of 0.065-in. (1.65- steel tube; structural tubing; welded steel tube
mm) wall and lighter, the manufacturer will, at his option, box,

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 A554 − 21
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

These requirements shall not be considered unless specified in the order and the necessary tests
made at the mill. Mechanical tests shall be performed in accordance with the applicable sections of
Test Methods and Definitions A370.

S1. Hardness Test TABLE S2.1 Tensile Requirements (Round Annealed

Condition)
S1.1 Round annealed tubes shall conform to the require-
Tensile Yield Elonga-
ments as to the hardness limits prescribed in Table S1.1. Strength, Strength, tionA
NOTE S1—There are tubing diameters, walls, or combinations which min min in
limit the applicability of particular hardness values. Grade 2 in.
ksi MPa ksi MPa or
S1.2 When specified, the hardness test shall be performed on a 50
specimen from one tube from each 2500 ft (760 m) or fraction thereof mm,
min, %
from each heat of steel.
MT 429 and MT 430 60 414 35 241 20
MT-430-Ti 60 414 30 207 20
S2. Tension Test MT 304 L & MT 316 L 70 483 25 172 35
S2.1 The tubes shall conform to the requirements as to S31655 92 635 45 310 35
All other austenitic 75 517 30 207 35
tensile properties prescribed in Table S2.1. When cold-reduced steels
tempers are ordered, the manufacturer shall be consulted. MT 409 55 379 30 207 20
S2.2 When the tension test is specified, one test shall be All other ferritic 60 414 35 241 20
S31803 90 620 65 450 25
performed on a specimen from one tube of each lot of 2500 ft S32003 100 690 70 485 25
(760 m) or fraction thereof from each heat of steel, prior to Wall # 0.187 in.
cutting to length. [5.00 mm]
Wall > 0.187 in. 95 655 65 450 25
S2.3 The yield strength corresponding to a permanent offset [5.00 mm]
of 0.2 % of the gauge length of the specimen or to a total S32101 101 700 77 530 30
Wall # 0.187 in.
extension of 0.5 % of the gauge length under load shall be [5.00 mm]
determined. Wall > 0.187 in. 94 650 65 450 30
[5.00 mm]
S3. Nondestructive Test S32202 94 650 65 450 30
S32205 95 655 65 450 25
S3.1 Various types of nondestructive test are available. S32304 87 600 58 400 25
S32550 110 760 80 550 15
When any such test is required, the test to be used and the S32750 116 795 80 550 15
inspection limits shall be specified in the order. S32760 108 750 80 550 25
S81921 90 620 65 450 25
S4. Test Reports S82011 101 700 75 515 30
Wall < 0.187 [5.00
S4.1 Mill test reports will be furnished when specified in the mm]
Wall $ 0.187 [5.00 95 655 65 450 30
order. mm]
S82441 107 740 78 540 25
Wall < 0.4 in. [10
mm]
TABLE S1.1 Hardness Requirements (Round Annealed Wall $ 0.4 in. [10 99 680 70 480 25
Condition) mm]
Hardness A
For longitudinal strip tests, the width of the gauge section shall be 1 in. (25.4 mm)
Grade Brinell, Rockwell Rockwell and a deduction of 1.75 percentage points for austenitic grades and 1.0 percent-
max B, max C max age points for MT 429 and MT 430 shall be permitted from the basic minimum
elongation for each 1⁄32-in. (0.79-mm) decrease in wall thickness below 5⁄16 in. (7.94
All austenitic 192 90 ...
mm).
unless shown below
All ferritic 190 90 ...
MT 429 190 90 ...
and MT 430
MT-430-Ti 190 90 ... S4.2 When specified on the purchase order, or when a
S31655 256 100 ...
S31803 290 ... 30 specific type of melting has been specified, the type of melting
S32003 293 ... 30 used to produce the material shall be included with the test
S32101 290 ... 30
report.
S32202 290 ... 30
S32205 290 ... 30
S32304 290 ... 30 S5. Certification for Government Orders
S32550 297 ... 31
S32750 300 ... 32 S5.1 A producer’s or supplier’s certification shall be fur-
S32760 310 ... 32 nished to the government that the material was manufactured,
S81921 293 ... 30 sampled, tested, and inspected in accordance with this speci-
S82011 293 ... 31
S82441 290 ... 31 fication and has been found to meet the requirements. This
certificate shall include a report of heat analysis (product

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 A554 − 21
analysis when requested in the purchase order), and, when S6.2 Material that fails in any of the forming operations or
specified in the purchase order or contract, a report of test in the process of installation and is found to be defective shall
results shall be furnished. be set aside, and the manufacturer shall be notified for mutual
evaluation of the material’s suitability. Disposition of such
S6. Rejection Provisions for Government Orders
material shall be a matter for agreement.
S6.1 Each length of tubing received from the manufacturer
may be inspected by the purchaser and, if it does not meet the S7. Annealed Welds
requirements of the specification based on the inspection and
test method as outlined in the specification, the tube may be S7.1 Purchaser may specify that the Austenitic-Ferritic (Du-
rejected and the manufacturer shall be notified. Disposition of plex) Mechanical tubing may be supplied with Post Weld Heat
rejected tubing shall be a matter of agreement between the Treatment (PWHT) in accordance with Specification A790/
manufacturer and the purchaser. A790M.

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (A554 – 16)
that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved March 1, 2021.)

(1) Added UNS S43036 to MT-430-Ti in Table 1.

(2) Corrected MT-430-Ti Nickel from 0.075% to 0.75% Max
in Table 1.

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