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SMA 2424_FLUID MECHANICS II

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11 views

SMA 2424_FLUID MECHANICS II

Uploaded by

WAWIRE NGAO KEVIN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MURANG’A UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

SCHOOL OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCE


DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED SCIENCE

UNIVERSITY ORDINARY EXAMINATION

2017/2018 ACADEMIC YEAR


FOURTH YEAR FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION FOR BACHELOR OF
SCIENCE IN MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

SMA 2424 – FLUID MECHANICS II

DURATION: 2 HOURS

DATE: 14TH DECEMBER 2017

TIME: 9.00AM – 11.00AM

Instructions to Candidates:

1. Answer Question 1 and Any Other Two questions.


2. Mobile phones are not allowed in the examination room.
3. You are not allowed to write on this examination question paper.

Page 1 of 4
SECTION A (Compulsory)
QUESTION ONE (30 Marks)
a) Differentiate the following terms as used in fluid mechanics;
i. Irrotational flow and rotational flow
ii. Line source and sink lines (4 Marks)
b) Show that the general velocity profile of a Newtonian fluid flowing between two fixed
𝑝0 𝑦 2
parallel plane of infinite length is given by 𝑢 = + 𝐶𝑦 + 𝐴. (5 Marks)
2𝜇

c) The streamlines of a flow are represented by𝜓 = 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜓 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 . Determine


the velocity and its direction at (2,2) and sketch the streamlines and show the direction of
flow in each of the cases. (5 Marks)
d) State the momentum equation and indicate what each term represents. (5 Marks)
e) Find the complex velocity potential due to a line source and a line sink. (5 Marks)
f) A two dimensional flow field is given by 𝜓 = 𝑥𝑦
i. Show that the flow is irrotational
ii. Find the velocity potential
iii. Verify that 𝜓 and ∅ satisfy the laplace equation. (6 Marks)

SECTION B (Answer any two questions)


QUESTION TWO (20 Marks)
a) For a two dimensional fluid flow, the velocity potential function is given by
∅ 𝑥, 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 . Determine stream function and the flow rate between the streamlines
through (2, 0) and (2, 2). (5 Marks)
b) In a two dimensional incompressible flow, the fluid velocity components are given
by 𝑢 = 𝑥 − 4𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑣 = −𝑦 − 4𝑥. Show that velocity potential exists and determine its
form as well as stream function. (5 Marks)
c) The velocity components for a fluid are 𝑈 = 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑦 − 𝑐𝑧, 𝑉 = 𝑑 − 𝑏𝑥 − 𝑒𝑧 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑊 = 𝑓 +
𝑐𝑥 − 𝑒𝑦. Where a, b, c, d, e and f are arbitrary constants;
i. Show that it is a possible case of fluid flow
ii. Is the fluid flow irrotational? If not, determine the vorticity and rotation.(10 Marks)

Page 2 of 4
QUESTION THREE (20 Marks)
1
a) Proof that 𝑤 = 𝑧 maps the circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 2𝑔𝑥 + 2𝑓𝑦 + 𝑐 = 0 in the z-plane into the w-

plane and maps the origin onto a straight line onto w-plane. (10 Marks)
b) State Blasius theorem (2 Marks)
c) Show that the velocity profile of a general plane poiseville flow is described by
𝑃𝑦 (𝑑−𝑦 )
𝑢= where d is the distance between the plates and the skin friction is given by
2𝜇
𝑝
𝜏 = 2 (𝑑 − 2𝑦). (5 Marks)

QUESTION FOUR (20 Marks)


a) Consider flow of Newtonian fluid between two parallel plates of infinite length shown
below

y
y=b

x y= 0

Obtain velocity distribution for the configuration and determine skin friction. (12 Marks)
b) In a 3D incompressible fluid flow, the velocity components in 𝑥 and 𝑦 directions are given
by 𝑢 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 , 𝑣 = − 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦𝑧 + 𝑧𝑥 . Use continuity equation to get an expression
in the Z direction. (5 Marks)
c) Explain each of the following;
i. Incompressible fluid flow
ii. No slip condition
iii. Line doublet (3 Marks)

QUESTION FIVE (20 Marks)


a) Find the velocity and acceleration at the point (1,2,3) after 1 sec for a three dimensional
flow given by 𝑢 = 𝑦𝑧 + 𝑡, 𝑣 = 𝑥𝑧 − 𝑡, 𝑤 = 𝑥𝑦. Classify the flow as uniform or non-
uniform. (5 Marks)
b) State the physical significance of each of the following;
Page 3 of 4
i. ∇𝑢 = 0
ii. ∇×𝑢 = 0 (2 Marks)
𝑥
Where u is the velocity of the fluid, hence determine whether the component 𝑢 = 𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 and
𝑦
𝑣= 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 represents a possible velocity for a two dimensional incompressible
irrotational fluid flow. (4 Marks)
c) Explain each of the following;
i. Stream and velocity potential functions
ii. Equipotential and streamlines (4 Marks)
Hence prove that the complex potential function 𝑤(𝑧) of a fluid flow field is analytics
function. (5 Marks)

Page 4 of 4

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